feat(pipeline): improve new pipeline architecture

- Add TransformDataSource for filtering/mapping source items
- Add MetricsDataSource for rendering live pipeline metrics as ASCII art
- Fix display stage registration in StageRegistry
- Register sources with both class name and simple name aliases
- Fix DisplayStage.init() to pass reuse parameter
- Simplify create_default_pipeline to use DataSourceStage wrapper
- Set pygame as default display
- Remove old pipeline tasks from mise.toml
- Add tests for new pipeline architecture

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
 __pycache__/
 *.pyc
 .mainline_venv/
+.venv/
+uv.lock
 .mainline_cache_*.json
+.DS_Store
+htmlcov/
+.coverage
+.pytest_cache/
+*.egg-info/
+coverage.xml

.python-version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.12

AGENTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# Agent Development Guide
+
+## Development Environment
+
+This project uses:
+- **mise** (mise.jdx.dev) - tool version manager and task runner
+- **hk** (hk.jdx.dev) - git hook manager
+- **uv** - fast Python package installer
+- **ruff** - linter and formatter
+- **pytest** - test runner
+
+### Setup
+
+```bash
+# Install dependencies
+mise run install
+
+# Or equivalently:
+uv sync --all-extras   # includes mic, websocket, sixel support
+```
+
+### Available Commands
+
+```bash
+mise run test           # Run tests
+mise run test-v         # Run tests verbose
+mise run test-cov       # Run tests with coverage report
+mise run test-browser   # Run e2e browser tests (requires playwright)
+mise run lint           # Run ruff linter
+mise run lint-fix       # Run ruff with auto-fix
+mise run format         # Run ruff formatter
+mise run ci             # Full CI pipeline (topics-init + lint + test-cov)
+```
+
+### Runtime Commands
+
+```bash
+mise run run            # Run mainline (terminal)
+mise run run-poetry    # Run with poetry feed
+mise run run-firehose  # Run in firehose mode
+mise run run-websocket # Run with WebSocket display only
+mise run run-sixel     # Run with Sixel graphics display
+mise run run-both      # Run with both terminal and WebSocket
+mise run run-client    # Run both + open browser
+mise run cmd           # Run C&C command interface
+```
+
+## Git Hooks
+
+**At the start of every agent session**, verify hooks are installed:
+
+```bash
+ls -la .git/hooks/pre-commit
+```
+
+If hooks are not installed, install them with:
+
+```bash
+hk init --mise
+mise run pre-commit
+```
+
+**IMPORTANT**: Always review the hk documentation before modifying `hk.pkl`:
+- [hk Configuration Guide](https://hk.jdx.dev/configuration.html)
+- [hk Hooks Reference](https://hk.jdx.dev/hooks.html)
+- [hk Builtins](https://hk.jdx.dev/builtins.html)
+
+The project uses hk configured in `hk.pkl`:
+- **pre-commit**: runs ruff-format and ruff (with auto-fix)
+- **pre-push**: runs ruff check + benchmark hook
+
+## Benchmark Runner
+
+Run performance benchmarks:
+
+```bash
+mise run benchmark           # Run all benchmarks (text output)
+mise run benchmark-json     # Run benchmarks (JSON output)
+mise run benchmark-report   # Run benchmarks (Markdown report)
+```
+
+### Benchmark Commands
+
+```bash
+# Run benchmarks
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark
+
+# Run with specific displays/effects
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --displays null,terminal --effects fade,glitch
+
+# Save baseline for hook comparisons
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --baseline
+
+# Run in hook mode (compares against baseline)
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --hook
+
+# Hook mode with custom threshold (default: 20% degradation)
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --hook --threshold 0.3
+
+# Custom baseline location
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --hook --cache /path/to/cache.json
+```
+
+### Hook Mode
+
+The `--hook` mode compares current benchmarks against a saved baseline. If performance degrades beyond the threshold (default 20%), it exits with code 1. This is useful for preventing performance regressions in feature branches.
+
+The pre-push hook runs benchmark in hook mode to catch performance regressions before pushing.
+
+## Workflow Rules
+
+### Before Committing
+
+1. **Always run the test suite** - never commit code that fails tests:
+   ```bash
+   mise run test
+   ```
+
+2. **Always run the linter**:
+   ```bash
+   mise run lint
+   ```
+
+3. **Fix any lint errors** before committing (or let the pre-commit hook handle it).
+
+4. **Review your changes** using `git diff` to understand what will be committed.
+
+### On Failing Tests
+
+When tests fail, **determine whether it's an out-of-date test or a correctly failing test**:
+
+- **Out-of-date test**: The test was written for old behavior that has legitimately changed. Update the test to match the new expected behavior.
+
+- **Correctly failing test**: The test correctly identifies a broken contract. Fix the implementation, not the test.
+
+**Never** modify a test to make it pass without understanding why it failed.
+
+### Code Review
+
+Before committing significant changes:
+- Run `git diff` to review all changes
+- Ensure new code follows existing patterns in the codebase
+- Check that type hints are added for new functions
+- Verify that tests exist for new functionality
+
+## Testing
+
+Tests live in `tests/` and follow the pattern `test_*.py`.
+
+Run all tests:
+```bash
+mise run test
+```
+
+Run with coverage:
+```bash
+mise run test-cov
+```
+
+The project uses pytest with strict marker enforcement. Test configuration is in `pyproject.toml` under `[tool.pytest.ini_options]`.
+
+### Test Coverage Strategy
+
+Current coverage: 56% (336 tests)
+
+Key areas with lower coverage (acceptable for now):
+- **app.py** (8%): Main entry point - integration heavy, requires terminal
+- **scroll.py** (10%): Terminal-dependent rendering logic
+- **benchmark.py** (0%): Standalone benchmark tool, runs separately
+
+Key areas with good coverage:
+- **display/backends/null.py** (95%): Easy to test headlessly
+- **display/backends/terminal.py** (96%): Uses mocking
+- **display/backends/multi.py** (100%): Simple forwarding logic
+- **effects/performance.py** (99%): Pure Python logic
+- **eventbus.py** (96%): Simple event system
+- **effects/controller.py** (95%): Effects command handling
+
+Areas needing more tests:
+- **websocket.py** (48%): Network I/O, hard to test in CI
+- **ntfy.py** (50%): Network I/O, hard to test in CI
+- **mic.py** (61%): Audio I/O, hard to test in CI
+
+Note: Terminal-dependent modules (scroll, layers render) are harder to test in CI.
+Performance regression tests are in `tests/test_benchmark.py` with `@pytest.mark.benchmark`.
+
+## Architecture Notes
+
+- **ntfy.py** and **mic.py** are standalone modules with zero internal dependencies
+- **eventbus.py** provides thread-safe event publishing for decoupled communication
+- **controller.py** coordinates ntfy/mic monitoring and event publishing
+- **effects/** - plugin architecture with performance monitoring
+- The render pipeline: fetch → render → effects → scroll → terminal output
+
+### Display System
+
+- **Display abstraction** (`engine/display/`): swap display backends via the Display protocol
+  - `display/backends/terminal.py` - ANSI terminal output
+  - `display/backends/websocket.py` - broadcasts to web clients via WebSocket
+  - `display/backends/sixel.py` - renders to Sixel graphics (pure Python, no C dependency)
+  - `display/backends/null.py` - headless display for testing
+  - `display/backends/multi.py` - forwards to multiple displays simultaneously
+  - `display/__init__.py` - DisplayRegistry for backend discovery
+
+- **WebSocket display** (`engine/display/backends/websocket.py`): real-time frame broadcasting to web browsers
+  - WebSocket server on port 8765
+  - HTTP server on port 8766 (serves HTML client)
+  - Client at `client/index.html` with ANSI color parsing and fullscreen support
+
+- **Display modes** (`--display` flag):
+  - `terminal` - Default ANSI terminal output
+  - `websocket` - Web browser display (requires websockets package)
+  - `sixel` - Sixel graphics in supported terminals (iTerm2, mintty, etc.)
+  - `both` - Terminal + WebSocket simultaneously
+
+### Effect Plugin System
+
+- **EffectPlugin ABC** (`engine/effects/types.py`): abstract base class for effects
+  - All effects must inherit from EffectPlugin and implement `process()` and `configure()`
+  - Runtime discovery via `effects_plugins/__init__.py` using `issubclass()` checks
+  
+- **EffectRegistry** (`engine/effects/registry.py`): manages registered effects
+- **EffectChain** (`engine/effects/chain.py`): chains effects in pipeline order
+
+### Command & Control
+
+- C&C uses separate ntfy topics for commands and responses
+- `NTFY_CC_CMD_TOPIC` - commands from cmdline.py
+- `NTFY_CC_RESP_TOPIC` - responses back to cmdline.py
+- Effects controller handles `/effects` commands (list, on/off, intensity, reorder, stats)
+
+### Pipeline Documentation
+
+The rendering pipeline is documented in `docs/PIPELINE.md` using Mermaid diagrams.
+
+**IMPORTANT**: When making significant architectural changes to the rendering pipeline (new layers, effects, display backends), update `docs/PIPELINE.md` to reflect the changes:
+1. Edit `docs/PIPELINE.md` with the new architecture
+2. If adding new SVG diagrams, render them manually using an external tool (e.g., Mermaid Live Editor)
+3. Commit both the markdown and any new diagram files

Mainline Renderer + ntfy Message Queue for ESP32.md

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# Mainline Renderer \+ ntfy Message Queue for ESP32
+## Problem
+mainline\.py does heavy work unsuitable for ESP32: 25\+ HTTPS/TLS RSS feeds, OTF font rasterization via Pillow, Google Translate API calls, and complex text layout\. Simultaneously, messages arriving on `ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline` need to interrupt the news ticker on the same device\.
+## Architecture: Server \+ Thin Client
+Split the system into two halves that are designed together\.
+**Server (mainline\.py `--serve` mode, runs on any always\-on machine)**
+* Reuses existing feed fetching, caching, content filtering, translation, and Pillow font rendering pipeline — no duplication\.
+* Pre\-renders each headline into a 1\-bit bitmap strip (the OTF→half\-block pipeline already produces this as an intermediate step in `_render_line()`)\.
+* Exposes a lightweight HTTP API the ESP32 polls\.
+**ESP32 thin client (Arduino sketch)**
+* Polls the mainline server for pre\-rendered headline bitmaps over plain HTTP (no TLS needed if on the same LAN)\.
+* Polls `ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline` directly for messages, reusing the proven `NetManager::httpGet()` \+ JSON parsing pattern from DoorbellLogic (`DoorbellLogic.cpp:155-192`)\.
+* Manages scrolling, gradient coloring, and glitch effects locally (cheap per\-frame GPU work)\.
+* When an ntfy message arrives, the scroll is paused and the message takes over the display — same interrupt pattern as the doorbell's ALERT→DASHBOARD flow\.
+## Server API (mainline repo)
+New file: `serve.py` (or `--serve` mode in mainline\.py)\.
+Endpoints:
+* `GET /api/headlines` — returns JSON array of headline metadata: `[{"id": 0, "src": "Nature", "ts": "14:30", "width": 280, "height": 16, "bitmap": "<base64 1-bit packed>"}]`\. Bitmaps are 1\-bit\-per\-pixel, row\-major, packed 8px/byte\. The ESP32 applies gradient color locally\.
+* `GET /api/config` — returns `{"count": 120, "version": "...", "mode": "news"}` so the ESP32 knows what it's getting\.
+* `GET /api/health` — `{"ok": true, "last_fetch": "...", "headline_count": 120}`
+The server renders at a configurable target width (e\.g\. 800px for Board 3, 320px for Boards 1/2) via a `--width` flag or query parameter\. Height is fixed per headline by the font size\.
+The server refreshes feeds on a timer (reusing `_SCROLL_DUR` cadence or a longer interval), re\-renders, and serves the latest set\. The ESP32 polls `/api/headlines` periodically (e\.g\. every 60s) and swaps in the new set\.
+## Render pipeline (server side)
+The existing `_render_line()` in mainline\.py already does:
+1. `ImageFont.truetype()` → `ImageDraw.text()` → grayscale `Image`
+2. Resize to target height
+3. Threshold to 1\-bit (the `thr = 80` step)
+For the server, we stop at step 3 and pack the 1\-bit data into bytes instead of converting to half\-block Unicode\. This is the exact same pipeline, just with a different output format\. The `_big_wrap()` and `_lr_gradient()` logic stays on the server for layout; gradient *coloring* moves to the ESP32 (it's just an index lookup per pixel column)\.
+## ESP32 client
+### State machine
+```warp-runnable-command
+BOOT → SCROLL ⇄ MESSAGE
+              ↘ OFF (inactivity timeout)
+```
+* **BOOT** — WiFi connect, initial headline fetch from server\.
+* **SCROLL** — Vertical scroll through pre\-rendered headlines with local gradient \+ glitch\. Polls server for new headlines periodically\. Polls ntfy every 15s\.
+* **MESSAGE** — ntfy message arrived\. Scroll paused, message displayed\. Auto\-dismiss after timeout or touch\-dismiss\. Returns to SCROLL\.
+* **OFF** — Backlight off after inactivity (polling continues in background)\.
+### ntfy integration
+The ESP32 polls `https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline/json?since=20s&poll=1` on the same 15s interval as the doorbell polls its topics\. When a message event arrives:
+1. Parse JSON: `{"event": "message", "title": "...", "message": "..."}`
+2. Save current scroll position\.
+3. Transition to MESSAGE state\.
+4. Render message text using the display library's built\-in fonts (messages are short, no custom font needed)\.
+5. After `MESSAGE_TIMEOUT_MS` (e\.g\. 30s) or touch, restore scroll position and resume\.
+This is architecturally identical to `DoorbellLogic::onAlert()` → `dismissAlert()`, just with different content\. The ntfy polling runs independently of the server connection, so messages work even if the mainline server is offline (the device just shows the last cached headlines)\.
+### Headline storage
+* Board 3 (8 MB PSRAM): store all ~120 headline bitmaps in PSRAM\. At 800px × 16px × 1 bit = 1\.6 KB each → ~192 KB total\. Trivial\.
+* Boards 1/2 (PSRAM TBD): at 320px × 16px = 640 bytes each → ~77 KB for 120 headlines\. Fits if PSRAM is present\. Without PSRAM, keep ~20 headlines in a ring buffer (~13 KB)\.
+### Gradient coloring (local)
+The 12\-step ANSI gradient in mainline\.py maps to 12 RGB565 values:
+```warp-runnable-command
+const uint16_t GRADIENT[] = {
+    0xFFFF, // white
+    0xC7FF, // pale cyan
+    0x07F9, // bright cyan
+    0x07C0, // bright lime
+    ...
+    0x0120, // deep green
+    0x18C3, // near black
+};
+```
+For each pixel column `x` in the bitmap, the ESP32 picks `GRADIENT[x * 12 / width]` if the bit is set, else background color\. This is a per\-pixel multiply \+ table lookup — fast\.
+## File layout
+### mainline repo
+```warp-runnable-command
+mainline.py          (existing, unchanged)
+serve.py             (new — HTTP server, imports mainline rendering functions)
+klubhaus-doorbell-hardware.md  (existing)
+```
+`serve.py` imports the rendering functions from mainline\.py (after refactoring them into importable form — they're currently top\-level but not wrapped in `if __name__`)\.
+### klubhaus\-doorbell repo (or mainline repo under firmware/)
+```warp-runnable-command
+boards/esp32-mainline/
+├── esp32-mainline.ino    Main sketch
+├── board_config.h        Display/pin config (copy from target board)
+├── secrets.h             WiFi creds + server URL
+├── MainlineLogic.h/.cpp  State machine (replaces DoorbellLogic)
+├── HeadlineStore.h/.cpp  Bitmap ring buffer in PSRAM
+└── NtfyPoller.h/.cpp     ntfy.sh polling (extracted from DoorbellLogic pattern)
+```
+The display driver is reused from the target board (e\.g\. `DisplayDriverGFX` for Board 3)\. `MainlineLogic` replaces `DoorbellLogic` as the state machine but follows the same patterns\.
+## Branch strategy recommendation
+The work spans two repos and has clear dependency ordering\.
+### Phase 1 — Finish current branch (mainline repo)
+**Branch:** `feat/arduino` (current)
+**Content:** Hardware spec doc\. Already done\.
+**Action:** Merge to main when ready\.
+### Phase 2 — Server renderer (mainline repo)
+**Branch:** `feat/renderer` (branch from main after Phase 1 merges)
+**Content:**
+* Refactor mainline\.py rendering functions to be importable (extract from `__main__` guard)
+* `serve.py` — HTTP server with `/api/headlines`, `/api/config`, `/api/health`
+* Bitmap packing utility (1\-bit row\-major)
+**Why a separate branch:** This changes mainline\.py's structure (refactoring for imports) and adds a new entry point\. It's a self\-contained, testable unit — you can verify the API with `curl` before touching any Arduino code\.
+### Phase 3 — ESP32 client (klubhaus\-doorbell repo, or mainline repo)
+**Branch:** `feat/mainline-client` in whichever repo hosts it
+**Content:**
+* `MainlineLogic` state machine
+* `HeadlineStore` bitmap buffer
+* `NtfyPoller` for `klubhaus_terminal_mainline`
+* Board\-specific sketch for the target board
+**Depends on:** Phase 2 (needs a running server to test against)
+**Repo decision:** If you have push access to klubhaus\-doorbell, it fits naturally as a new board target alongside the existing doorbell sketches — it reuses `NetManager`, `IDisplayDriver`, and the vendored display libraries\. If not, put it under `mainline/firmware/` and vendor the shared KlubhausCore library\.
+### Merge order
+1. `feat/arduino` → main (hardware spec)
+2. `feat/renderer` → main (server)
+3. `feat/mainline-client` → main in whichever repo (ESP32 client)
+Each phase is independently testable and doesn't block the other until Phase 3 needs a running server\.

README.md

@@ -2,79 +2,262 @@
 
 > *Digital consciousness stream. Matrix aesthetic · THX-1138 hue.*
 
-A full-screen terminal news ticker that renders live global headlines in large OTF-font block characters with a white-hot → deep green gradient. Headlines auto-translate into the native script of their subject region. Ambient mic input warps the glitch rate in real time. A `--poetry` mode replaces the feed with public-domain literary passages.
+A full-screen terminal news ticker that renders live global headlines in large OTF-font block characters with a white-hot → deep green gradient. Headlines auto-translate into the native script of their subject region. Ambient mic input warps the glitch rate in real time. A `--poetry` mode replaces the feed with public-domain literary passages. Live messages can be pushed to the display over [ntfy.sh](https://ntfy.sh).
 
 ---
 
-## Run
+## Using
+
+### Run
 
 ```bash
-python3 mainline.py            # news stream
-python3 mainline.py --poetry   # literary consciousness mode
-python3 mainline.py -p         # same
+python3 mainline.py                      # news stream
+python3 mainline.py --poetry             # literary consciousness mode
+python3 mainline.py -p                   # same
+python3 mainline.py --firehose           # dense rapid-fire headline mode
+python3 mainline.py --display websocket  # web browser display only
+python3 mainline.py --display both       # terminal + web browser
+python3 mainline.py --no-font-picker     # skip interactive font picker
+python3 mainline.py --font-file path.otf # use a specific font file
+python3 mainline.py --font-dir ~/fonts   # scan a different font folder
+python3 mainline.py --font-index 1       # select face index within a collection
 ```
 
-First run bootstraps a local `.mainline_venv/` and installs deps (`feedparser`, `Pillow`, `sounddevice`, `numpy`). Subsequent runs start immediately.
+Or with uv:
 
----
+```bash
+uv run mainline.py
+```
 
-## Config
+First run bootstraps dependencies. Use `uv sync --all-extras` for mic support.
 
-At the top of `mainline.py`:
+### Command & Control (C&C)
+
+Control mainline remotely using `cmdline.py`:
+
+```bash
+uv run cmdline.py                    # Interactive TUI
+uv run cmdline.py /effects list      # List all effects
+uv run cmdline.py /effects stats     # Show performance stats
+uv run cmdline.py -w /effects stats  # Watch mode (auto-refresh)
+```
+
+Commands are sent via ntfy.sh topics - useful for controlling a daemonized mainline instance.
+
+### Config
+
+All constants live in `engine/config.py`:
 
 | Constant | Default | What it does |
 |---|---|---|
 | `HEADLINE_LIMIT` | `1000` | Total headlines per session |
+| `FEED_TIMEOUT` | `10` | Per-feed HTTP timeout (seconds) |
 | `MIC_THRESHOLD_DB` | `50` | dB floor above which glitches spike |
-| `_FONT_PATH` | hardcoded path | Path to your OTF/TTF display font |
-| `_FONT_SZ` | `60` | Font render size (affects block density) |
-| `_RENDER_H` | `8` | Terminal rows per headline line |
+| `NTFY_TOPIC` | klubhaus URL | ntfy.sh JSON stream for messages |
+| `NTFY_CC_CMD_TOPIC` | klubhaus URL | ntfy.sh topic for C&C commands |
+| `NTFY_CC_RESP_TOPIC` | klubhaus URL | ntfy.sh topic for C&C responses |
+| `NTFY_RECONNECT_DELAY` | `5` | Seconds before reconnecting after dropped SSE |
+| `MESSAGE_DISPLAY_SECS` | `30` | How long an ntfy message holds the screen |
+| `FONT_DIR` | `fonts/` | Folder scanned for `.otf`, `.ttf`, `.ttc` files |
+| `FONT_PATH` | first file in `FONT_DIR` | Active display font |
+| `FONT_PICKER` | `True` | Show interactive font picker at boot |
+| `FONT_SZ` | `60` | Font render size (affects block density) |
+| `RENDER_H` | `8` | Terminal rows per headline line |
+| `SSAA` | `4` | Super-sampling factor |
+| `SCROLL_DUR` | `5.625` | Seconds per headline |
+| `FRAME_DT` | `0.05` | Frame interval in seconds (20 FPS) |
+| `FIREHOSE_H` | `12` | Firehose zone height (terminal rows) |
+| `GRAD_SPEED` | `0.08` | Gradient sweep speed |
 
-**Font:** `_FONT_PATH` is hardcoded to a local path. Update it to point to whatever display font you want — anything with strong contrast and wide letterforms works well.
+### Display Modes
+
+Mainline supports multiple display backends:
+
+- **Terminal** (`--display terminal`): ANSI terminal output (default)
+- **WebSocket** (`--display websocket`): Stream to web browser clients
+- **Sixel** (`--display sixel`): Sixel graphics in supported terminals (iTerm2, mintty)
+- **Both** (`--display both`): Terminal + WebSocket simultaneously
+
+WebSocket mode serves a web client at http://localhost:8766 with ANSI color support and fullscreen mode.
+
+### Feeds
+
+~25 sources across four categories: **Science & Technology**, **Economics & Business**, **World & Politics**, **Culture & Ideas**. Add or swap feeds in `engine/sources.py` → `FEEDS`.
+
+**Poetry mode** pulls from Project Gutenberg: Whitman, Dickinson, Thoreau, Emerson. Sources are in `engine/sources.py` → `POETRY_SOURCES`.
+
+### Fonts
+
+A `fonts/` directory is bundled with demo faces. On startup, an interactive picker lists all discovered faces with a live half-block preview.
+
+Navigation: `↑`/`↓` or `j`/`k` to move, `Enter` or `q` to select.
+
+To add your own fonts, drop `.otf`, `.ttf`, or `.ttc` files into `fonts/`.
+
+### ntfy.sh
+
+Mainline polls a configurable ntfy.sh topic in the background. When a message arrives, the scroll pauses and the message renders full-screen.
+
+To push a message:
+
+```bash
+curl -d "Body text" -H "Title: Alert title" https://ntfy.sh/your_topic
+```
 
 ---
 
-## How it works
+## Internals
 
-- Feeds are fetched and filtered on startup (sports and vapid content stripped)
-- Headlines are rasterized via Pillow into half-block characters (`▀▄█ `) at the configured font size
-- A left-to-right ANSI gradient colors each character: white-hot leading edge trails off to near-black
-- Subject-region detection runs a regex pass on each headline; matches trigger a Google Translate call and font swap to the appropriate script (CJK, Arabic, Devanagari, etc.) using macOS system fonts
-- The mic stream runs in a background thread, feeding RMS dB into the glitch probability calculation each frame
-- The viewport scrolls through a virtual canvas of pre-rendered blocks; fade zones at top and bottom dissolve characters probabilistically
+### How it works
+
+- On launch, the font picker scans `fonts/` and presents a live-rendered TUI for face selection
+- Feeds are fetched and filtered on startup; results are cached for fast restarts
+- Headlines are rasterized via Pillow with 4× SSAA into half-block characters
+- The ticker uses a sweeping white-hot → deep green gradient
+- Subject-region detection triggers Google Translate and font swap for non-Latin scripts
+- The mic stream runs in a background thread, feeding RMS dB into glitch probability
+- The viewport scrolls through pre-rendered blocks with fade zones
+- An ntfy.sh SSE stream runs in a background thread for messages and C&C commands
+
+### Architecture
+
+```
+engine/
+  __init__.py           package marker
+  app.py                main(), font picker TUI, boot sequence, C&C poller
+  config.py             constants, CLI flags, glyph tables
+  sources.py            FEEDS, POETRY_SOURCES, language/script maps
+  terminal.py           ANSI codes, tw/th, type_out, boot_ln
+  filter.py             HTML stripping, content filter
+  translate.py          Google Translate wrapper + region detection
+  render.py             OTF → half-block pipeline (SSAA, gradient)
+  effects/              plugin architecture for visual effects
+    types.py            EffectPlugin ABC, EffectConfig, EffectContext
+    registry.py         effect registration and lookup
+    chain.py            effect pipeline chaining
+    controller.py       handles /effects commands
+    performance.py      performance monitoring
+    legacy.py           legacy functional effects
+  effects_plugins/      effect plugin implementations
+    noise.py            noise effect
+    fade.py             fade effect
+    glitch.py           glitch effect
+    firehose.py         firehose effect
+  fetch.py              RSS/Gutenberg fetching + cache
+  ntfy.py               NtfyPoller — standalone, zero internal deps
+  mic.py                MicMonitor — standalone, graceful fallback
+  scroll.py             stream() frame loop + message rendering
+  viewport.py           terminal dimension tracking
+  frame.py              scroll step calculation, timing
+  layers.py             ticker zone, firehose, message overlay
+  eventbus.py           thread-safe event publishing
+  events.py             event types and definitions
+  controller.py         coordinates ntfy/mic monitoring
+  emitters.py           background emitters
+  types.py              type definitions
+  display/              Display backend system
+    __init__.py         DisplayRegistry, get_monitor
+    backends/
+      terminal.py       ANSI terminal display
+      websocket.py      WebSocket server for browser clients
+      sixel.py         Sixel graphics (pure Python)
+      null.py          headless display for testing
+      multi.py         forwards to multiple displays
+  benchmark.py          performance benchmarking tool
+```
 
 ---
 
-## Feeds
+## Development
 
-~25 sources across four categories: **Science & Technology**, **Economics & Business**, **World & Politics**, **Culture & Ideas**. Add or swap in `FEEDS`.
+### Setup
 
-**Poetry mode** pulls from Project Gutenberg: Whitman, Dickinson, Thoreau, Emerson.
+Requires Python 3.10+ and [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/).
+
+```bash
+uv sync                              # minimal (no mic)
+uv sync --all-extras                 # with mic support
+uv sync --all-extras --group dev     # full dev environment
+```
+
+### Tasks
+
+With [mise](https://mise.jdx.dev/):
+
+```bash
+mise run test            # run test suite
+mise run test-cov       # run with coverage report
+
+mise run lint           # ruff check
+mise run lint-fix       # ruff check --fix
+mise run format         # ruff format
+
+mise run run            # terminal display
+mise run run-websocket  # web display only
+mise run run-sixel     # sixel graphics
+mise run run-both       # terminal + web
+mise run run-client     # both + open browser
+
+mise run cmd            # C&C command interface
+mise run cmd-stats      # watch effects stats
+
+mise run benchmark      # run performance benchmarks
+mise run benchmark-json # save as JSON
+
+mise run topics-init    # initialize ntfy topics
+```
+
+### Testing
+
+```bash
+uv run pytest
+uv run pytest --cov=engine --cov-report=term-missing
+
+# Run with mise
+mise run test
+mise run test-cov
+
+# Run performance benchmarks
+mise run benchmark
+mise run benchmark-json
+
+# Run benchmark hook mode (for CI)
+uv run python -m engine.benchmark --hook
+```
+
+Performance regression tests are in `tests/test_benchmark.py` marked with `@pytest.mark.benchmark`.
+
+### Linting
+
+```bash
+uv run ruff check engine/ mainline.py
+uv run ruff format engine/ mainline.py
+```
+
+Pre-commit hooks run lint automatically via `hk`.
 
 ---
 
-## Ideas / Future
+## Roadmap
 
 ### Performance
-- **Concurrent feed fetching** — startup currently blocks sequentially on ~25 HTTP requests; `concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` would cut load time to the slowest single feed
-- **Background refresh** — re-fetch feeds in a daemon thread so a long session stays current without restart
-- **Translation pre-fetch** — run translate calls concurrently during the boot sequence rather than on first render
+- Concurrent feed fetching with ThreadPoolExecutor
+- Background feed refresh daemon
+- Translation pre-fetch during boot
 
 ### Graphics
-- **Matrix rain underlay** — katakana column rain rendered at low opacity beneath the scrolling blocks as a background layer
-- **Animated gradient** — shift the white-hot leading edge left/right each frame for a pulse/comet effect
-- **CRT simulation** — subtle dim scanlines every N rows, occasional brightness ripple across the full screen
-- **Sixel / iTerm2 inline images** — bypass half-blocks entirely and stream actual bitmap frames for true resolution; would require a capable terminal
-- **Parallax secondary column** — a second, dimmer, faster-scrolling stream of ambient text at reduced opacity on one side
+- Matrix rain katakana underlay
+- CRT scanline simulation
+- Sixel/iTerm2 inline images
+- Parallax secondary column
 
 ### Cyberpunk Vibes
-- **Keyword watch list** — highlight or strobe any headline matching tracked terms (names, topics, tickers)
-- **Breaking interrupt** — full-screen flash + synthesized blip when a high-priority keyword hits
-- **Live data overlay** — secondary ticker strip at screen edge: BTC price, ISS position, geomagnetic index
-- **Theme switcher** — `--amber` (phosphor), `--ice` (electric cyan), `--red` (alert state) palette modes via CLI flag
-- **Persona modes** — `--surveillance`, `--oracle`, `--underground` as feed presets with matching color themes and boot copy
-- **Synthesized audio** — short static bursts tied to glitch events, independent of mic input
+- Keyword watch list with strobe effects
+- Breaking interrupt with synthesized audio
+- Live data overlay (BTC, ISS position)
+- Theme switcher (amber, ice, red)
+- Persona modes (surveillance, oracle, underground)
 
 ---
 
-*macOS only (system font paths hardcoded). Python 3.9+.*
+*Python 3.10+. Primary display font is user-selectable via bundled `fonts/` picker.*

Refactor mainline.md

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+# Refactor mainline\.py into modular package
+## Problem
+`mainline.py` is a single 1085\-line file with ~10 interleaved concerns\. This prevents:
+* Reusing the ntfy doorbell interrupt in other visualizers
+* Importing the render pipeline from `serve.py` \(future ESP32 HTTP server\)
+* Testing any concern in isolation
+* Porting individual layers to Rust independently
+## Target structure
+```warp-runnable-command
+mainline.py              # thin entrypoint: venv bootstrap → engine.app.main()
+engine/
+  __init__.py
+  config.py              # constants, CLI flags, glyph tables
+  sources.py             # FEEDS, POETRY_SOURCES, SOURCE_LANGS, _LOCATION_LANGS
+  terminal.py            # ANSI codes, tw/th, type_out, slow_print, boot_ln
+  filter.py              # HTML stripping, content filter (_SKIP_RE)
+  translate.py           # Google Translate wrapper + location→language detection
+  render.py              # OTF font loading, _render_line, _big_wrap, _lr_gradient, _make_block
+  effects.py             # noise, glitch_bar, _fade_line, _vis_trunc, _firehose_line, _next_headline
+  fetch.py               # RSS/Gutenberg fetching, cache load/save
+  ntfy.py                # NtfyPoller class — standalone, zero internal deps
+  mic.py                 # MicMonitor class — standalone
+  scroll.py              # stream() frame loop + message rendering
+  app.py                 # main(), TITLE art, boot sequence, signal handler
+```
+The package is named `engine/` to avoid a naming conflict with the `mainline.py` entrypoint\.
+## Module dependency graph
+```warp-runnable-command
+config      ← (nothing)
+sources     ← (nothing)
+terminal    ← (nothing)
+filter      ← (nothing)
+translate   ← sources
+render      ← config, terminal, sources
+effects     ← config, terminal, sources
+fetch       ← config, sources, filter, terminal
+ntfy        ← (nothing — stdlib only, fully standalone)
+mic         ← (nothing — sounddevice only)
+scroll      ← config, terminal, render, effects, ntfy, mic
+app         ← everything above
+```
+Critical property: **ntfy\.py and mic\.py have zero internal dependencies**, making ntfy reusable by any visualizer\.
+## Module details
+### mainline\.py \(entrypoint — slimmed down\)
+Keeps only the venv bootstrap \(lines 10\-38\) which must run before any third\-party imports\. After bootstrap, delegates to `engine.app.main()`\.
+### engine/config\.py
+From current mainline\.py:
+* `HEADLINE_LIMIT`, `FEED_TIMEOUT`, `MIC_THRESHOLD_DB` \(lines 55\-57\)
+* `MODE`, `FIREHOSE` CLI flag parsing \(lines 58\-59\)
+* `NTFY_TOPIC`, `NTFY_POLL_INTERVAL`, `MESSAGE_DISPLAY_SECS` \(lines 62\-64\)
+* `_FONT_PATH`, `_FONT_SZ`, `_RENDER_H` \(lines 147\-150\)
+* `_SCROLL_DUR`, `_FRAME_DT`, `FIREHOSE_H` \(lines 505\-507\)
+* `GLITCH`, `KATA` glyph tables \(lines 143\-144\)
+### engine/sources\.py
+Pure data, no logic:
+* `FEEDS` dict \(lines 102\-140\)
+* `POETRY_SOURCES` dict \(lines 67\-80\)
+* `SOURCE_LANGS` dict \(lines 258\-266\)
+* `_LOCATION_LANGS` dict \(lines 269\-289\)
+* `_SCRIPT_FONTS` dict \(lines 153\-165\)
+* `_NO_UPPER` set \(line 167\)
+### engine/terminal\.py
+ANSI primitives and terminal I/O:
+* All ANSI constants: `RST`, `BOLD`, `DIM`, `G_HI`, `G_MID`, `G_LO`, `G_DIM`, `W_COOL`, `W_DIM`, `W_GHOST`, `C_DIM`, `CLR`, `CURSOR_OFF`, `CURSOR_ON` \(lines 83\-99\)
+* `tw()`, `th()` \(lines 223\-234\)
+* `type_out()`, `slow_print()`, `boot_ln()` \(lines 355\-386\)
+### engine/filter\.py
+* `_Strip` HTML parser class \(lines 205\-214\)
+* `strip_tags()` \(lines 217\-220\)
+* `_SKIP_RE` compiled regex \(lines 322\-346\)
+* `_skip()` predicate \(lines 349\-351\)
+### engine/translate\.py
+* `_TRANSLATE_CACHE` \(line 291\)
+* `_detect_location_language()` \(lines 294\-300\) — imports `_LOCATION_LANGS` from sources
+* `_translate_headline()` \(lines 303\-319\)
+### engine/render\.py
+The OTF→terminal pipeline\. This is exactly what `serve.py` will import to produce 1\-bit bitmaps for the ESP32\.
+* `_GRAD_COLS` gradient table \(lines 169\-182\)
+* `_font()`, `_font_for_lang()` with lazy\-load \+ cache \(lines 185\-202\)
+* `_render_line()` — OTF text → half\-block terminal rows \(lines 567\-605\)
+* `_big_wrap()` — word\-wrap \+ render \(lines 608\-636\)
+* `_lr_gradient()` — apply left→right color gradient \(lines 639\-656\)
+* `_make_block()` — composite: translate → render → colorize a headline \(lines 718\-756\)\. Imports from translate, sources\.
+### engine/effects\.py
+Visual effects applied during the frame loop:
+* `noise()` \(lines 237\-245\)
+* `glitch_bar()` \(lines 248\-252\)
+* `_fade_line()` — probabilistic character dissolve \(lines 659\-680\)
+* `_vis_trunc()` — ANSI\-aware width truncation \(lines 683\-701\)
+* `_firehose_line()` \(lines 759\-801\) — imports config\.MODE, sources\.FEEDS/POETRY\_SOURCES
+* `_next_headline()` — pool management \(lines 704\-715\)
+### engine/fetch\.py
+* `fetch_feed()` \(lines 390\-396\)
+* `fetch_all()` \(lines 399\-426\) — imports filter\.\_skip, filter\.strip\_tags, terminal\.boot\_ln
+* `_fetch_gutenberg()` \(lines 429\-456\)
+* `fetch_poetry()` \(lines 459\-472\)
+* `_cache_path()`, `_load_cache()`, `_save_cache()` \(lines 476\-501\)
+### engine/ntfy\.py — standalone, reusable
+Refactored from the current globals \+ thread \(lines 531\-564\) and the message rendering section of `stream()` \(lines 845\-909\) into a class:
+```python
+class NtfyPoller:
+    def __init__(self, topic_url, poll_interval=15, display_secs=30):
+        ...
+    def start(self):
+        """Start background polling thread."""
+    def get_active_message(self):
+        """Return (title, body, timestamp) if a message is active and not expired, else None."""
+    def dismiss(self):
+        """Manually dismiss current message."""
+```
+Dependencies: `urllib.request`, `json`, `threading`, `time` — all stdlib\. No internal imports\.
+Other visualizers use it like:
+```python
+from engine.ntfy import NtfyPoller
+poller = NtfyPoller("https://ntfy.sh/my_topic/json?since=20s&poll=1")
+poller.start()
+# in render loop:
+msg = poller.get_active_message()
+if msg:
+    title, body, ts = msg
+    render_my_message(title, body)  # visualizer-specific
+```
+### engine/mic\.py — standalone
+Refactored from the current globals \(lines 508\-528\) into a class:
+```python
+class MicMonitor:
+    def __init__(self, threshold_db=50):
+        ...
+    def start(self) -> bool:
+        """Start background mic stream. Returns False if unavailable."""
+    def stop(self):
+        ...
+    @property
+    def db(self) -> float:
+        """Current RMS dB level."""
+    @property
+    def excess(self) -> float:
+        """dB above threshold (clamped to 0)."""
+```
+Dependencies: `sounddevice`, `numpy` \(both optional — graceful fallback\)\.
+### engine/scroll\.py
+The `stream()` function \(lines 804\-990\)\. Receives its dependencies via arguments or imports:
+* `stream(items, ntfy_poller, mic_monitor, config)` or similar
+* Message rendering \(lines 855\-909\) stays here since it's terminal\-display\-specific — a different visualizer would render messages differently
+### engine/app\.py
+The orchestrator:
+* `TITLE` ASCII art \(lines 994\-1001\)
+* `main()` \(lines 1004\-1084\): CLI handling, signal setup, boot animation, fetch, wire up ntfy/mic/scroll
+## Execution order
+### Step 1: Create engine/ package skeleton
+Create `engine/__init__.py` and all empty module files\.
+### Step 2: Extract pure data modules \(zero\-dep\)
+Move constants and data dicts into `config.py`, `sources.py`\. These have no logic dependencies\.
+### Step 3: Extract terminal\.py
+Move ANSI codes and terminal I/O helpers\. No internal deps\.
+### Step 4: Extract filter\.py and translate\.py
+Both are small, self\-contained\. translate imports from sources\.
+### Step 5: Extract render\.py
+Font loading \+ the OTF→half\-block pipeline\. Imports from config, terminal, sources\. This is the module `serve.py` will later import\.
+### Step 6: Extract effects\.py
+Visual effects\. Imports from config, terminal, sources\.
+### Step 7: Extract fetch\.py
+Feed/Gutenberg fetching \+ caching\. Imports from config, sources, filter, terminal\.
+### Step 8: Extract ntfy\.py and mic\.py
+Refactor globals\+threads into classes\. Zero internal deps\.
+### Step 9: Extract scroll\.py
+The frame loop\. Last to extract because it depends on everything above\.
+### Step 10: Extract app\.py
+The `main()` function, boot sequence, signal handler\. Wire up all modules\.
+### Step 11: Slim down mainline\.py
+Keep only venv bootstrap \+ `from engine.app import main; main()`\.
+### Step 12: Verify
+Run `python3 mainline.py`, `python3 mainline.py --poetry`, and `python3 mainline.py --firehose` to confirm identical behavior\. No behavioral changes in this refactor\.
+## What this enables
+* **serve\.py** \(future\): `from engine.render import _render_line, _big_wrap` \+ `from engine.fetch import fetch_all` — imports the pipeline directly
+* **Other visualizers**: `from engine.ntfy import NtfyPoller` — doorbell feature with no coupling to mainline's scroll engine
+* **Rust port**: Clear boundaries for what to port first \(ntfy client, render pipeline\) vs what stays in Python \(fetching, caching — the server side\)
+* **Testing**: Each module can be unit\-tested in isolation

client/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Mainline Terminal</title>
+    <style>
+        * {
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 0;
+            box-sizing: border-box;
+        }
+        body {
+            background: #0a0a0a;
+            color: #ccc;
+            font-family: 'Fira Code', 'Cascadia Code', 'Consolas', monospace;
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            align-items: center;
+            justify-content: center;
+            min-height: 100vh;
+            padding: 20px;
+        }
+        body.fullscreen {
+            padding: 0;
+        }
+        body.fullscreen #controls {
+            display: none;
+        }
+        #container {
+            position: relative;
+        }
+        canvas {
+            background: #000;
+            border: 1px solid #333;
+            image-rendering: pixelated;
+            image-rendering: crisp-edges;
+        }
+        body.fullscreen canvas {
+            border: none;
+            width: 100vw;
+            height: 100vh;
+            max-width: 100vw;
+            max-height: 100vh;
+        }
+        #controls {
+            display: flex;
+            gap: 10px;
+            margin-top: 10px;
+            align-items: center;
+        }
+        #controls button {
+            background: #333;
+            color: #ccc;
+            border: 1px solid #555;
+            padding: 5px 12px;
+            cursor: pointer;
+            font-family: inherit;
+            font-size: 12px;
+        }
+        #controls button:hover {
+            background: #444;
+        }
+        #controls input {
+            width: 60px;
+            background: #222;
+            color: #ccc;
+            border: 1px solid #444;
+            padding: 4px 8px;
+            font-family: inherit;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        #status {
+            margin-top: 10px;
+            font-size: 12px;
+            color: #666;
+        }
+        #status.connected {
+            color: #4f4;
+        }
+        #status.disconnected {
+            color: #f44;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div id="container">
+        <canvas id="terminal"></canvas>
+    </div>
+    <div id="controls">
+        <label>Cols: <input type="number" id="cols" value="80" min="20" max="200"></label>
+        <label>Rows: <input type="number" id="rows" value="24" min="10" max="60"></label>
+        <button id="apply">Apply</button>
+        <button id="fullscreen">Fullscreen</button>
+    </div>
+    <div id="status" class="disconnected">Connecting...</div>
+
+    <script>
+        const canvas = document.getElementById('terminal');
+        const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+        const status = document.getElementById('status');
+        const colsInput = document.getElementById('cols');
+        const rowsInput = document.getElementById('rows');
+        const applyBtn = document.getElementById('apply');
+        const fullscreenBtn = document.getElementById('fullscreen');
+
+        const CHAR_WIDTH = 9;
+        const CHAR_HEIGHT = 16;
+
+        const ANSI_COLORS = {
+            0: '#000000', 1: '#cd3131', 2: '#0dbc79', 3: '#e5e510',
+            4: '#2472c8', 5: '#bc3fbc', 6: '#11a8cd', 7: '#e5e5e5',
+            8: '#666666', 9: '#f14c4c', 10: '#23d18b', 11: '#f5f543',
+            12: '#3b8eea', 13: '#d670d6', 14: '#29b8db', 15: '#ffffff',
+        };
+
+        let cols = 80;
+        let rows = 24;
+        let ws = null;
+
+        function resizeCanvas() {
+            canvas.width = cols * CHAR_WIDTH;
+            canvas.height = rows * CHAR_HEIGHT;
+        }
+
+        function parseAnsi(text) {
+            if (!text) return [];
+            
+            const tokens = [];
+            let currentText = '';
+            let fg = '#cccccc';
+            let bg = '#000000';
+            let bold = false;
+            let i = 0;
+            let inEscape = false;
+            let escapeCode = '';
+
+            while (i < text.length) {
+                const char = text[i];
+                
+                if (inEscape) {
+                    if (char >= '0' && char <= '9' || char === ';' || char === '[') {
+                        escapeCode += char;
+                    }
+                    
+                    if (char === 'm') {
+                        const codes = escapeCode.replace('\x1b[', '').split(';');
+                        
+                        for (const code of codes) {
+                            const num = parseInt(code) || 0;
+                            
+                            if (num === 0) {
+                                fg = '#cccccc';
+                                bg = '#000000';
+                                bold = false;
+                            } else if (num === 1) {
+                                bold = true;
+                            } else if (num === 22) {
+                                bold = false;
+                            } else if (num === 39) {
+                                fg = '#cccccc';
+                            } else if (num === 49) {
+                                bg = '#000000';
+                            } else if (num >= 30 && num <= 37) {
+                                fg = ANSI_COLORS[num - 30 + (bold ? 8 : 0)] || '#cccccc';
+                            } else if (num >= 40 && num <= 47) {
+                                bg = ANSI_COLORS[num - 40] || '#000000';
+                            } else if (num >= 90 && num <= 97) {
+                                fg = ANSI_COLORS[num - 90 + 8] || '#cccccc';
+                            } else if (num >= 100 && num <= 107) {
+                                bg = ANSI_COLORS[num - 100 + 8] || '#000000';
+                            } else if (num >= 1 && num <= 256) {
+                                // 256 colors
+                                if (num < 16) {
+                                    fg = ANSI_COLORS[num] || '#cccccc';
+                                } else if (num < 232) {
+                                    const c = num - 16;
+                                    const r = Math.floor(c / 36) * 51;
+                                    const g = Math.floor((c % 36) / 6) * 51;
+                                    const b = (c % 6) * 51;
+                                    fg = `#${r.toString(16).padStart(2,'0')}${g.toString(16).padStart(2,'0')}${b.toString(16).padStart(2,'0')}`;
+                                } else {
+                                    const gray = (num - 232) * 10 + 8;
+                                    fg = `#${gray.toString(16).repeat(2)}`;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        
+                        if (currentText) {
+                            tokens.push({ text: currentText, fg, bg, bold });
+                            currentText = '';
+                        }
+                        inEscape = false;
+                        escapeCode = '';
+                    }
+                } else if (char === '\x1b' && text[i + 1] === '[') {
+                    if (currentText) {
+                        tokens.push({ text: currentText, fg, bg, bold });
+                        currentText = '';
+                    }
+                    inEscape = true;
+                    escapeCode = '';
+                    i++;
+                } else {
+                    currentText += char;
+                }
+                i++;
+            }
+
+            if (currentText) {
+                tokens.push({ text: currentText, fg, bg, bold });
+            }
+
+            return tokens;
+        }
+
+        function renderLine(text, x, y, lineHeight) {
+            const tokens = parseAnsi(text);
+            let xOffset = x;
+
+            for (const token of tokens) {
+                if (token.text) {
+                    if (token.bold) {
+                        ctx.font = 'bold 16px monospace';
+                    } else {
+                        ctx.font = '16px monospace';
+                    }
+
+                    const metrics = ctx.measureText(token.text);
+                    
+                    if (token.bg !== '#000000') {
+                        ctx.fillStyle = token.bg;
+                        ctx.fillRect(xOffset, y - 2, metrics.width + 1, lineHeight);
+                    }
+                    
+                    ctx.fillStyle = token.fg;
+                    ctx.fillText(token.text, xOffset, y);
+                    xOffset += metrics.width;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        function connect() {
+            const protocol = window.location.protocol === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:';
+            const wsUrl = `${protocol}//${window.location.hostname}:8765`;
+            
+            ws = new WebSocket(wsUrl);
+
+            ws.onopen = () => {
+                status.textContent = 'Connected';
+                status.className = 'connected';
+                sendSize();
+            };
+
+            ws.onclose = () => {
+                status.textContent = 'Disconnected - Reconnecting...';
+                status.className = 'disconnected';
+                setTimeout(connect, 1000);
+            };
+
+            ws.onerror = () => {
+                status.textContent = 'Connection error';
+                status.className = 'disconnected';
+            };
+
+            ws.onmessage = (event) => {
+                try {
+                    const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
+                    
+                    if (data.type === 'frame') {
+                        cols = data.width || 80;
+                        rows = data.height || 24;
+                        colsInput.value = cols;
+                        rowsInput.value = rows;
+                        resizeCanvas();
+                        render(data.lines || []);
+                    } else if (data.type === 'clear') {
+                        ctx.fillStyle = '#000';
+                        ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
+                    }
+                } catch (e) {
+                    console.error('Failed to parse message:', e);
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        function sendSize() {
+            if (ws && ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
+                ws.send(JSON.stringify({
+                    type: 'resize',
+                    width: parseInt(colsInput.value),
+                    height: parseInt(rowsInput.value)
+                }));
+            }
+        }
+
+        function render(lines) {
+            ctx.fillStyle = '#000';
+            ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
+
+            ctx.font = '16px monospace';
+            ctx.textBaseline = 'top';
+
+            const lineHeight = CHAR_HEIGHT;
+            const maxLines = Math.min(lines.length, rows);
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < maxLines; i++) {
+                const line = lines[i] || '';
+                renderLine(line, 0, i * lineHeight, lineHeight);
+            }
+        }
+
+        function calculateViewportSize() {
+            const isFullscreen = document.fullscreenElement !== null;
+            const padding = isFullscreen ? 0 : 40;
+            const controlsHeight = isFullscreen ? 0 : 60;
+            const availableWidth = window.innerWidth - padding;
+            const availableHeight = window.innerHeight - controlsHeight;
+            cols = Math.max(20, Math.floor(availableWidth / CHAR_WIDTH));
+            rows = Math.max(10, Math.floor(availableHeight / CHAR_HEIGHT));
+            colsInput.value = cols;
+            rowsInput.value = rows;
+            resizeCanvas();
+            console.log('Fullscreen:', isFullscreen, 'Size:', cols, 'x', rows);
+            sendSize();
+        }
+
+        applyBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            cols = parseInt(colsInput.value);
+            rows = parseInt(rowsInput.value);
+            resizeCanvas();
+            sendSize();
+        });
+
+        fullscreenBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            if (!document.fullscreenElement) {
+                document.body.classList.add('fullscreen');
+                document.documentElement.requestFullscreen().then(() => {
+                    calculateViewportSize();
+                });
+            } else {
+                document.exitFullscreen().then(() => {
+                    calculateViewportSize();
+                });
+            }
+        });
+
+        document.addEventListener('fullscreenchange', () => {
+            if (!document.fullscreenElement) {
+                document.body.classList.remove('fullscreen');
+                calculateViewportSize();
+            }
+        });
+
+        window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
+            if (document.fullscreenElement) {
+                calculateViewportSize();
+            }
+        });
+
+        // Initial setup
+        resizeCanvas();
+        connect();
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>

cmdline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+Command-line utility for interacting with mainline via ntfy.
+
+Usage:
+    python cmdline.py                     # Interactive TUI mode
+    python cmdline.py --help              # Show help
+    python cmdline.py /effects list       # Send single command via ntfy
+    python cmdline.py /effects stats      # Get performance stats via ntfy
+    python cmdline.py -w /effects stats   # Watch mode (polls for stats)
+
+The TUI mode provides:
+    - Arrow keys to navigate command history
+    - Tab completion for commands
+    - Auto-refresh for performance stats
+
+C&C works like a serial port:
+    1. Send command to ntfy_cc_topic
+    2. Mainline receives, processes, responds to same topic
+    3. Cmdline polls for response
+"""
+
+import os
+
+os.environ["FORCE_COLOR"] = "1"
+os.environ["TERM"] = "xterm-256color"
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+import time
+import threading
+import urllib.request
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.terminal import CLR, CURSOR_OFF, CURSOR_ON, G_DIM, G_HI, RST, W_GHOST
+
+try:
+    CC_CMD_TOPIC = config.NTFY_CC_CMD_TOPIC
+    CC_RESP_TOPIC = config.NTFY_CC_RESP_TOPIC
+except AttributeError:
+    CC_CMD_TOPIC = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd/json"
+    CC_RESP_TOPIC = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp/json"
+
+
+class NtfyResponsePoller:
+    """Polls ntfy for command responses."""
+
+    def __init__(self, cmd_topic: str, resp_topic: str, timeout: float = 10.0):
+        self.cmd_topic = cmd_topic
+        self.resp_topic = resp_topic
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self._last_id = None
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def _build_url(self) -> str:
+        from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse
+
+        parsed = urlparse(self.resp_topic)
+        params = parse_qs(parsed.query, keep_blank_values=True)
+        params["since"] = [self._last_id if self._last_id else "20s"]
+        new_query = urlencode({k: v[0] for k, v in params.items()})
+        return urlunparse(parsed._replace(query=new_query))
+
+    def send_and_wait(self, cmd: str) -> str:
+        """Send command and wait for response."""
+        url = self.cmd_topic.replace("/json", "")
+        data = cmd.encode("utf-8")
+
+        req = urllib.request.Request(
+            url,
+            data=data,
+            headers={
+                "User-Agent": "mainline-cmdline/0.1",
+                "Content-Type": "text/plain",
+            },
+            method="POST",
+        )
+
+        try:
+            urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
+        except Exception as e:
+            return f"Error sending command: {e}"
+
+        return self._wait_for_response(cmd)
+
+    def _wait_for_response(self, expected_cmd: str = "") -> str:
+        """Poll for response message."""
+        start = time.time()
+        while time.time() - start < self.timeout:
+            try:
+                url = self._build_url()
+                req = urllib.request.Request(
+                    url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline-cmdline/0.1"}
+                )
+                with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=10) as resp:
+                    for line in resp:
+                        try:
+                            data = json.loads(line.decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
+                        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                            continue
+                        if data.get("event") == "message":
+                            self._last_id = data.get("id")
+                            msg = data.get("message", "")
+                            if msg:
+                                return msg
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            time.sleep(0.5)
+        return "Timeout waiting for response"
+
+
+AVAILABLE_COMMANDS = """Available commands:
+  /effects list          - List all effects and status
+  /effects <name> on    - Enable an effect
+  /effects <name> off   - Disable an effect
+  /effects <name> intensity <0.0-1.0> - Set effect intensity
+  /effects reorder <name1>,<name2>,... - Reorder pipeline
+  /effects stats        - Show performance statistics
+  /help                 - Show this help
+  /quit                 - Exit
+"""
+
+
+def print_header():
+    w = 60
+    print(CLR, end="")
+    print(CURSOR_OFF, end="")
+    print(f"\033[1;1H", end="")
+    print(f"  \033[1;38;5;231m╔{'═' * (w - 6)}╗\033[0m")
+    print(
+        f"  \033[1;38;5;231m║\033[0m \033[1;38;5;82mMAINLINE\033[0m \033[3;38;5;245mCommand Center\033[0m \033[1;38;5;231m  ║\033[0m"
+    )
+    print(f"  \033[1;38;5;231m╚{'═' * (w - 6)}╝\033[0m")
+    print(f"  \033[2;38;5;37mCMD: {CC_CMD_TOPIC.split('/')[-2]}\033[0m")
+    print(f"  \033[2;38;5;37mRESP: {CC_RESP_TOPIC.split('/')[-2]}\033[0m")
+    print()
+
+
+def print_response(response: str, is_error: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Print response with nice formatting."""
+    print()
+    if is_error:
+        print(f"  \033[1;38;5;196m✗ Error\033[0m")
+        print(f"  \033[38;5;196m{'─' * 40}\033[0m")
+    else:
+        print(f"  \033[1;38;5;82m✓ Response\033[0m")
+        print(f"  \033[38;5;37m{'─' * 40}\033[0m")
+
+    for line in response.split("\n"):
+        print(f"  {line}")
+    print()
+
+
+def interactive_mode():
+    """Interactive TUI for sending commands."""
+    import readline
+
+    print_header()
+    poller = NtfyResponsePoller(CC_CMD_TOPIC, CC_RESP_TOPIC)
+
+    print(f"  \033[38;5;245mType /help for commands, /quit to exit\033[0m")
+    print()
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            cmd = input(f"  \033[1;38;5;82m❯\033[0m {G_HI}").strip()
+        except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
+            print()
+            break
+
+        if not cmd:
+            continue
+
+        if cmd.startswith("/"):
+            if cmd == "/quit" or cmd == "/exit":
+                print(f"\n  \033[1;38;5;245mGoodbye!{RST}\n")
+                break
+
+            if cmd == "/help":
+                print(f"\n{AVAILABLE_COMMANDS}\n")
+                continue
+
+            print(f"  \033[38;5;245m⟳ Sending to mainline...{RST}")
+            result = poller.send_and_wait(cmd)
+            print_response(result, is_error=result.startswith("Error"))
+        else:
+            print(f"\n  \033[1;38;5;196m⚠ Commands must start with /{RST}\n")
+
+    print(CURSOR_ON, end="")
+    return 0
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Mainline command-line interface",
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        epilog=AVAILABLE_COMMANDS,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "command",
+        nargs="?",
+        default=None,
+        help="Command to send (e.g., /effects list)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--watch",
+        "-w",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Watch mode: continuously poll for stats (Ctrl+C to exit)",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if args.command is None:
+        return interactive_mode()
+
+    poller = NtfyResponsePoller(CC_CMD_TOPIC, CC_RESP_TOPIC)
+
+    if args.watch and "/effects stats" in args.command:
+        import signal
+
+        def handle_sigterm(*_):
+            print(f"\n  \033[1;38;5;245mStopped watching{RST}")
+            print(CURSOR_ON, end="")
+            sys.exit(0)
+
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, handle_sigterm)
+
+        print_header()
+        print(f"  \033[38;5;245mWatching /effects stats (Ctrl+C to exit)...{RST}\n")
+        try:
+            while True:
+                result = poller.send_and_wait(args.command)
+                print(f"\033[2J\033[1;1H", end="")
+                print(
+                    f"  \033[1;38;5;82m❯\033[0m Performance Stats - \033[1;38;5;245m{time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')}{RST}"
+                )
+                print(f"  \033[38;5;37m{'─' * 44}{RST}")
+                for line in result.split("\n"):
+                    print(f"  {line}")
+                time.sleep(2)
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            print(f"\n  \033[1;38;5;245mStopped watching{RST}")
+            return 0
+        return 0
+
+    result = poller.send_and_wait(args.command)
+    print(result)
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

docs/PIPELINE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+# Mainline Pipeline
+
+## Architecture Overview
+
+```
+Sources (static/dynamic) → Fetch → Prepare → Scroll → Effects → Render → Display
+                                     ↓
+                    NtfyPoller ← MicMonitor (async)
+```
+
+### Data Source Abstraction (sources_v2.py)
+
+- **Static sources**: Data fetched once and cached (HeadlinesDataSource, PoetryDataSource)
+- **Dynamic sources**: Idempotent fetch for runtime updates (PipelineDataSource)
+- **SourceRegistry**: Discovery and management of data sources
+
+### Camera Modes
+
+- **Vertical**: Scroll up (default)
+- **Horizontal**: Scroll left
+- **Omni**: Diagonal scroll
+- **Floating**: Sinusoidal bobbing
+- **Trace**: Follow network path node-by-node (for pipeline viz)
+
+## Content to Display Rendering Pipeline
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    subgraph Sources["Data Sources (v2)"]
+        Headlines[HeadlinesDataSource]
+        Poetry[PoetryDataSource]
+        Pipeline[PipelineDataSource]
+        Registry[SourceRegistry]
+    end
+
+    subgraph SourcesLegacy["Data Sources (legacy)"]
+        RSS[("RSS Feeds")]
+        PoetryFeed[("Poetry Feed")]
+        Ntfy[("Ntfy Messages")]
+        Mic[("Microphone")]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Fetch["Fetch Layer"]
+        FC[fetch_all]
+        FP[fetch_poetry]
+        Cache[(Cache)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Prepare["Prepare Layer"]
+        MB[make_block]
+        Strip[strip_tags]
+        Trans[translate]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Scroll["Scroll Engine"]
+        SC[StreamController]
+        CAM[Camera]
+        RTZ[render_ticker_zone]
+        Msg[render_message_overlay]
+        Grad[lr_gradient]
+        VT[vis_trunc / vis_offset]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Effects["Effect Pipeline"]
+        subgraph EffectsPlugins["Effect Plugins"]
+            Noise[NoiseEffect]
+            Fade[FadeEffect]
+            Glitch[GlitchEffect]
+            Firehose[FirehoseEffect]
+            Hud[HudEffect]
+        end
+        EC[EffectChain]
+        ER[EffectRegistry]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Render["Render Layer"]
+        BW[big_wrap]
+        RL[render_line]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Display["Display Backends"]
+        TD[TerminalDisplay]
+        PD[PygameDisplay]
+        SD[SixelDisplay]
+        KD[KittyDisplay]
+        WSD[WebSocketDisplay]
+        ND[NullDisplay]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Async["Async Sources"]
+        NTFY[NtfyPoller]
+        MIC[MicMonitor]
+    end
+
+    subgraph Animation["Animation System"]
+        AC[AnimationController]
+        PR[Preset]
+    end
+
+    Sources --> Fetch
+    RSS --> FC
+    PoetryFeed --> FP
+    FC --> Cache
+    FP --> Cache
+    Cache --> MB
+    Strip --> MB
+    Trans --> MB
+    MB --> SC
+    NTFY --> SC
+    SC --> RTZ
+    CAM --> RTZ
+    Grad --> RTZ
+    VT --> RTZ
+    RTZ --> EC
+    EC --> ER
+    ER --> EffectsPlugins
+    EffectsPlugins --> BW
+    BW --> RL
+    RL --> Display
+    Ntfy --> RL
+    Mic --> RL
+    MIC --> RL
+
+    style Sources fill:#f9f,stroke:#333
+    style Fetch fill:#bbf,stroke:#333
+    style Prepare fill:#bff,stroke:#333
+    style Scroll fill:#bfb,stroke:#333
+    style Effects fill:#fbf,stroke:#333
+    style Render fill:#ffb,stroke:#333
+    style Display fill:#bbf,stroke:#333
+    style Async fill:#fbb,stroke:#333
+    style Animation fill:#bfb,stroke:#333
+```
+
+## Animation & Presets
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph Preset["Preset"]
+        PP[PipelineParams]
+        AC[AnimationController]
+    end
+    
+    subgraph AnimationController["AnimationController"]
+        Clock[Clock]
+        Events[Events]
+        Triggers[Triggers]
+    end
+    
+    subgraph Triggers["Trigger Types"]
+        TIME[TIME]
+        FRAME[FRAME]
+        CYCLE[CYCLE]
+        COND[CONDITION]
+        MANUAL[MANUAL]
+    end
+    
+    PP --> AC
+    Clock --> AC
+    Events --> AC
+    Triggers --> Events
+```
+
+## Camera Modes
+
+```mermaid
+stateDiagram-v2
+    [*] --> Vertical
+    Vertical --> Horizontal: mode change
+    Horizontal --> Omni: mode change
+    Omni --> Floating: mode change
+    Floating --> Trace: mode change
+    Trace --> Vertical: mode change
+
+    state Vertical {
+        [*] --> ScrollUp
+        ScrollUp --> ScrollUp: +y each frame
+    }
+
+    state Horizontal {
+        [*] --> ScrollLeft
+        ScrollLeft --> ScrollLeft: +x each frame
+    }
+
+    state Omni {
+        [*] --> Diagonal
+        Diagonal --> Diagonal: +x, +y each frame
+    }
+
+    state Floating {
+        [*] --> Bobbing
+        Bobbing --> Bobbing: sin(time) for x,y
+    }
+
+    state Trace {
+        [*] --> FollowPath
+        FollowPath --> FollowPath: node by node
+    }
+```

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-15-readme-update-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# README Update Design — 2026-03-15
+
+## Goal
+
+Restructure and expand `README.md` to:
+1. Align with the current codebase (Python 3.10+, uv/mise/pytest/ruff toolchain, 6 new fonts)
+2. Add extensibility-focused content (`Extending` section)
+3. Add developer workflow coverage (`Development` section)
+4. Improve navigability via top-level grouping (Approach C)
+
+---
+
+## Proposed Structure
+
+```
+# MAINLINE
+> tagline + description
+
+## Using
+  ### Run
+  ### Config
+  ### Feeds
+  ### Fonts
+  ### ntfy.sh
+
+## Internals
+  ### How it works
+  ### Architecture
+
+## Extending
+  ### NtfyPoller
+  ### MicMonitor
+  ### Render pipeline
+
+## Development
+  ### Setup
+  ### Tasks
+  ### Testing
+  ### Linting
+
+## Roadmap
+
+---
+*footer*
+```
+
+---
+
+## Section-by-section design
+
+### Using
+
+All existing content preserved verbatim. Two changes:
+- **Run**: add `uv run mainline.py` as an alternative invocation; expand bootstrap note to mention `uv sync` / `uv sync --all-extras`
+- **ntfy.sh**: remove `NtfyPoller` reuse code example (moves to Extending); keep push instructions and topic config
+
+Subsections moved into Using (currently standalone):
+- `Feeds` — it's configuration, not a concept
+- `ntfy.sh` (usage half)
+
+### Internals
+
+All existing content preserved verbatim. One change:
+- **Architecture**: append `tests/` directory listing to the module tree
+
+### Extending
+
+Entirely new section. Three subsections:
+
+**NtfyPoller**
+- Minimal working import + usage example
+- Note: stdlib only dependencies
+
+```python
+from engine.ntfy import NtfyPoller
+
+poller = NtfyPoller("https://ntfy.sh/my_topic/json?since=20s&poll=1")
+poller.start()
+
+# in your render loop:
+msg = poller.get_active_message()  # → (title, body, timestamp) or None
+if msg:
+    title, body, ts = msg
+    render_my_message(title, body)  # visualizer-specific
+```
+
+**MicMonitor**
+- Minimal working import + usage example
+- Note: sounddevice/numpy optional, degrades gracefully
+
+```python
+from engine.mic import MicMonitor
+
+mic = MicMonitor(threshold_db=50)
+if mic.start():                # returns False if sounddevice unavailable
+    excess = mic.excess        # dB above threshold, clamped to 0
+    db = mic.db                # raw RMS dB level
+```
+
+**Render pipeline**
+- Brief prose about `engine.render` as importable pipeline
+- Minimal sketch of serve.py / ESP32 usage pattern
+- Reference to `Mainline Renderer + ntfy Message Queue for ESP32.md`
+
+### Development
+
+Entirely new section. Four subsections:
+
+**Setup**
+- Hard requirements: Python 3.10+, uv
+- `uv sync` / `uv sync --all-extras` / `uv sync --group dev`
+
+**Tasks** (via mise)
+- `mise run test`, `test-cov`, `lint`, `lint-fix`, `format`, `run`, `run-poetry`, `run-firehose`
+
+**Testing**
+- Tests in `tests/` covering config, filter, mic, ntfy, sources, terminal
+- `uv run pytest` and `uv run pytest --cov=engine --cov-report=term-missing`
+
+**Linting**
+- `uv run ruff check` and `uv run ruff format`
+- Note: pre-commit hooks run lint via `hk`
+
+### Roadmap
+
+Existing `## Ideas / Future` content preserved verbatim. Only change: rename heading to `## Roadmap`.
+
+### Footer
+
+Update `Python 3.9+` → `Python 3.10+`.
+
+---
+
+## Files changed
+
+- `README.md` — restructured and expanded as above
+- No other files
+
+---
+
+## What is not changing
+
+- All existing prose, examples, and config table values — preserved verbatim where retained
+- The Ideas/Future content — kept intact under the new Roadmap heading
+- The cyberpunk voice and terse style of the existing README

effects_plugins/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+PLUGIN_DIR = Path(__file__).parent
+
+
+def discover_plugins():
+    from engine.effects.registry import get_registry
+    from engine.effects.types import EffectPlugin
+
+    registry = get_registry()
+    imported = {}
+
+    for file_path in PLUGIN_DIR.glob("*.py"):
+        if file_path.name.startswith("_"):
+            continue
+        module_name = file_path.stem
+        if module_name in ("base", "types"):
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            module = __import__(f"effects_plugins.{module_name}", fromlist=[""])
+            for attr_name in dir(module):
+                attr = getattr(module, attr_name)
+                if (
+                    isinstance(attr, type)
+                    and issubclass(attr, EffectPlugin)
+                    and attr is not EffectPlugin
+                    and attr_name.endswith("Effect")
+                ):
+                    plugin = attr()
+                    if not isinstance(plugin, EffectPlugin):
+                        continue
+                    registry.register(plugin)
+                    imported[plugin.name] = plugin
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    return imported

effects_plugins/fade.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import random
+
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext, EffectPlugin
+
+
+class FadeEffect(EffectPlugin):
+    name = "fade"
+    config = EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=1.0)
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        if not ctx.ticker_height:
+            return buf
+        result = list(buf)
+        intensity = self.config.intensity
+
+        top_zone = max(1, int(ctx.ticker_height * 0.25))
+        bot_zone = max(1, int(ctx.ticker_height * 0.10))
+
+        for r in range(len(result)):
+            if r >= ctx.ticker_height:
+                continue
+            top_f = min(1.0, r / top_zone) if top_zone > 0 else 1.0
+            bot_f = (
+                min(1.0, (ctx.ticker_height - 1 - r) / bot_zone)
+                if bot_zone > 0
+                else 1.0
+            )
+            row_fade = min(top_f, bot_f) * intensity
+
+            if row_fade < 1.0 and result[r].strip():
+                result[r] = self._fade_line(result[r], row_fade)
+
+        return result
+
+    def _fade_line(self, s: str, fade: float) -> str:
+        if fade >= 1.0:
+            return s
+        if fade <= 0.0:
+            return ""
+        result = []
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(s):
+            if s[i] == "\033" and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == "[":
+                j = i + 2
+                while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
+                    j += 1
+                result.append(s[i : j + 1])
+                i = j + 1
+            elif s[i] == " ":
+                result.append(" ")
+                i += 1
+            else:
+                result.append(s[i] if random.random() < fade else " ")
+                i += 1
+        return "".join(result)
+
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config

effects_plugins/firehose.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import random
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext, EffectPlugin
+from engine.sources import FEEDS, POETRY_SOURCES
+from engine.terminal import C_DIM, G_DIM, G_LO, RST, W_GHOST
+
+
+class FirehoseEffect(EffectPlugin):
+    name = "firehose"
+    config = EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=1.0)
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        firehose_h = config.FIREHOSE_H if config.FIREHOSE else 0
+        if firehose_h <= 0 or not ctx.items:
+            return buf
+
+        result = list(buf)
+        intensity = self.config.intensity
+        h = ctx.terminal_height
+
+        for fr in range(firehose_h):
+            scr_row = h - firehose_h + fr + 1
+            fline = self._firehose_line(ctx.items, ctx.terminal_width, intensity)
+            result.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H{fline}\033[K")
+        return result
+
+    def _firehose_line(self, items: list, w: int, intensity: float) -> str:
+        r = random.random()
+        if r < 0.35 * intensity:
+            title, src, ts = random.choice(items)
+            text = title[: w - 1]
+            color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST, C_DIM])
+            return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
+        elif r < 0.55 * intensity:
+            d = random.choice([0.45, 0.55, 0.65, 0.75])
+            return "".join(
+                f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
+                f"{random.choice(config.GLITCH + config.KATA)}{RST}"
+                if random.random() < d
+                else " "
+                for _ in range(w)
+            )
+        elif r < 0.78 * intensity:
+            sources = FEEDS if config.MODE == "news" else POETRY_SOURCES
+            src = random.choice(list(sources.keys()))
+            msgs = [
+                f"  SIGNAL :: {src} :: {datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]}",
+                f"  ░░ FEED ACTIVE :: {src}",
+                f"  >> DECODE 0x{random.randint(0x1000, 0xFFFF):04X} :: {src[:24]}",
+                f"  ▒▒ ACQUIRE :: {random.choice(['TCP', 'UDP', 'RSS', 'ATOM', 'XML'])} :: {src}",
+                f"  {''.join(random.choice(config.KATA) for _ in range(3))} STRM "
+                f"{random.randint(0, 255):02X}:{random.randint(0, 255):02X}",
+            ]
+            text = random.choice(msgs)[: w - 1]
+            color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST])
+            return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
+        else:
+            title, _, _ = random.choice(items)
+            start = random.randint(0, max(0, len(title) - 20))
+            frag = title[start : start + random.randint(10, 35)]
+            pad = random.randint(0, max(0, w - len(frag) - 8))
+            gp = "".join(
+                random.choice(config.GLITCH) for _ in range(random.randint(1, 3))
+            )
+            text = (" " * pad + gp + " " + frag)[: w - 1]
+            color = random.choice([G_LO, C_DIM, W_GHOST])
+            return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
+
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config

effects_plugins/glitch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import random
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext, EffectPlugin
+from engine.terminal import C_DIM, DIM, G_DIM, G_LO, RST
+
+
+class GlitchEffect(EffectPlugin):
+    name = "glitch"
+    config = EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=1.0)
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        if not buf:
+            return buf
+        result = list(buf)
+        intensity = self.config.intensity
+
+        glitch_prob = 0.32 + min(0.9, ctx.mic_excess * 0.16)
+        glitch_prob = glitch_prob * intensity
+        n_hits = 4 + int(ctx.mic_excess / 2)
+        n_hits = int(n_hits * intensity)
+
+        if random.random() < glitch_prob:
+            for _ in range(min(n_hits, len(result))):
+                gi = random.randint(0, len(result) - 1)
+                scr_row = gi + 1
+                result[gi] = f"\033[{scr_row};1H{self._glitch_bar(ctx.terminal_width)}"
+        return result
+
+    def _glitch_bar(self, w: int) -> str:
+        c = random.choice(["░", "▒", "─", "\xc2"])
+        n = random.randint(3, w // 2)
+        o = random.randint(0, w - n)
+        return " " * o + f"{G_LO}{DIM}" + c * n + RST
+
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config

effects_plugins/hud.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from engine.effects.performance import get_monitor
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext, EffectPlugin
+
+
+class HudEffect(EffectPlugin):
+    name = "hud"
+    config = EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=1.0)
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        result = list(buf)
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+
+        fps = 0.0
+        frame_time = 0.0
+        if monitor:
+            stats = monitor.get_stats()
+            if stats and "pipeline" in stats:
+                frame_time = stats["pipeline"].get("avg_ms", 0.0)
+                frame_count = stats.get("frame_count", 0)
+                if frame_count > 0 and frame_time > 0:
+                    fps = 1000.0 / frame_time
+
+        w = ctx.terminal_width
+        h = ctx.terminal_height
+
+        effect_name = self.config.params.get("display_effect", "none")
+        effect_intensity = self.config.params.get("display_intensity", 0.0)
+
+        hud_lines = []
+        hud_lines.append(
+            f"\033[1;1H\033[38;5;46mMAINLINE DEMO\033[0m \033[38;5;245m|\033[0m \033[38;5;39mFPS: {fps:.1f}\033[0m \033[38;5;245m|\033[0m \033[38;5;208m{frame_time:.1f}ms\033[0m"
+        )
+
+        bar_width = 20
+        filled = int(bar_width * effect_intensity)
+        bar = (
+            "\033[38;5;82m"
+            + "█" * filled
+            + "\033[38;5;240m"
+            + "░" * (bar_width - filled)
+            + "\033[0m"
+        )
+        hud_lines.append(
+            f"\033[2;1H\033[38;5;45mEFFECT:\033[0m \033[1;38;5;227m{effect_name:12s}\033[0m \033[38;5;245m|\033[0m {bar} \033[38;5;245m|\033[0m \033[38;5;219m{effect_intensity * 100:.0f}%\033[0m"
+        )
+
+        from engine.effects import get_effect_chain
+
+        chain = get_effect_chain()
+        order = chain.get_order()
+        pipeline_str = ",".join(order) if order else "(none)"
+        hud_lines.append(f"\033[3;1H\033[38;5;44mPIPELINE:\033[0m {pipeline_str}")
+
+        for i, line in enumerate(hud_lines):
+            if i < len(result):
+                result[i] = line + result[i][len(line) :]
+            else:
+                result.append(line)
+
+        return result
+
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config

effects_plugins/noise.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import random
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext, EffectPlugin
+from engine.terminal import C_DIM, G_DIM, G_LO, RST, W_GHOST
+
+
+class NoiseEffect(EffectPlugin):
+    name = "noise"
+    config = EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=0.15)
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        if not ctx.ticker_height:
+            return buf
+        result = list(buf)
+        intensity = self.config.intensity
+        probability = intensity * 0.15
+
+        for r in range(len(result)):
+            cy = ctx.scroll_cam + r
+            if random.random() < probability:
+                result[r] = self._generate_noise(ctx.terminal_width, cy)
+        return result
+
+    def _generate_noise(self, w: int, cy: int) -> str:
+        d = random.choice([0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.12])
+        return "".join(
+            f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
+            f"{random.choice(config.GLITCH + config.KATA)}{RST}"
+            if random.random() < d
+            else " "
+            for _ in range(w)
+        )
+
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config

engine/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# engine — modular internals for mainline

engine/animation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+"""
+Animation system - Clock, events, triggers, durations, and animation controller.
+"""
+
+import time
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum, auto
+from typing import Any
+
+
+class Clock:
+    """High-resolution clock for animation timing."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._start_time = time.perf_counter()
+        self._paused = False
+        self._pause_offset = 0.0
+        self._pause_start = 0.0
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self._start_time = time.perf_counter()
+        self._paused = False
+        self._pause_offset = 0.0
+        self._pause_start = 0.0
+
+    def elapsed(self) -> float:
+        if self._paused:
+            return self._pause_start - self._start_time - self._pause_offset
+        return time.perf_counter() - self._start_time - self._pause_offset
+
+    def elapsed_ms(self) -> float:
+        return self.elapsed() * 1000
+
+    def elapsed_frames(self, fps: float = 60.0) -> int:
+        return int(self.elapsed() * fps)
+
+    def pause(self) -> None:
+        if not self._paused:
+            self._paused = True
+            self._pause_start = time.perf_counter()
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        if self._paused:
+            self._pause_offset += time.perf_counter() - self._pause_start
+            self._paused = False
+
+
+class TriggerType(Enum):
+    TIME = auto()  # Trigger after elapsed time
+    FRAME = auto()  # Trigger after N frames
+    CYCLE = auto()  # Trigger on cycle repeat
+    CONDITION = auto()  # Trigger when condition is met
+    MANUAL = auto()  # Trigger manually
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Trigger:
+    """Event trigger configuration."""
+
+    type: TriggerType
+    value: float | int = 0
+    condition: Callable[["AnimationController"], bool] | None = None
+    repeat: bool = False
+    repeat_interval: float = 0.0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Event:
+    """An event with trigger, duration, and action."""
+
+    name: str
+    trigger: Trigger
+    action: Callable[["AnimationController", float], None]
+    duration: float = 0.0
+    ease: Callable[[float], float] | None = None
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        if self.ease is None:
+            self.ease = linear_ease
+
+
+def linear_ease(t: float) -> float:
+    return t
+
+
+def ease_in_out(t: float) -> float:
+    return t * t * (3 - 2 * t)
+
+
+def ease_out_bounce(t: float) -> float:
+    if t < 1 / 2.75:
+        return 7.5625 * t * t
+    elif t < 2 / 2.75:
+        t -= 1.5 / 2.75
+        return 7.5625 * t * t + 0.75
+    elif t < 2.5 / 2.75:
+        t -= 2.25 / 2.75
+        return 7.5625 * t * t + 0.9375
+    else:
+        t -= 2.625 / 2.75
+        return 7.5625 * t * t + 0.984375
+
+
+class AnimationController:
+    """Controls animation parameters with clock and events."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fps: float = 60.0):
+        self.clock = Clock()
+        self.fps = fps
+        self.frame = 0
+        self._events: list[Event] = []
+        self._active_events: dict[str, float] = {}
+        self._params: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        self._cycled = 0
+
+    def add_event(self, event: Event) -> "AnimationController":
+        self._events.append(event)
+        return self
+
+    def set_param(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        self._params[key] = value
+
+    def get_param(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
+        return self._params.get(key, default)
+
+    def update(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Update animation state, return current params."""
+        elapsed = self.clock.elapsed()
+
+        for event in self._events:
+            triggered = False
+
+            if event.trigger.type == TriggerType.TIME:
+                if self.clock.elapsed() >= event.trigger.value:
+                    triggered = True
+            elif event.trigger.type == TriggerType.FRAME:
+                if self.frame >= event.trigger.value:
+                    triggered = True
+            elif event.trigger.type == TriggerType.CYCLE:
+                cycle_duration = event.trigger.value
+                if cycle_duration > 0:
+                    current_cycle = int(elapsed / cycle_duration)
+                    if current_cycle > self._cycled:
+                        self._cycled = current_cycle
+                        triggered = True
+            elif event.trigger.type == TriggerType.CONDITION:
+                if event.trigger.condition and event.trigger.condition(self):
+                    triggered = True
+            elif event.trigger.type == TriggerType.MANUAL:
+                pass
+
+            if triggered:
+                if event.name not in self._active_events:
+                    self._active_events[event.name] = 0.0
+
+                progress = 0.0
+                if event.duration > 0:
+                    self._active_events[event.name] += 1 / self.fps
+                    progress = min(
+                        1.0, self._active_events[event.name] / event.duration
+                    )
+                    eased_progress = event.ease(progress)
+                    event.action(self, eased_progress)
+
+                    if progress >= 1.0:
+                        if event.trigger.repeat:
+                            self._active_events[event.name] = 0.0
+                        else:
+                            del self._active_events[event.name]
+                else:
+                    event.action(self, 1.0)
+                    if not event.trigger.repeat:
+                        del self._active_events[event.name]
+                    else:
+                        self._active_events[event.name] = 0.0
+
+        self.frame += 1
+        return dict(self._params)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineParams:
+    """Snapshot of pipeline parameters for animation."""
+
+    effect_enabled: dict[str, bool] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    effect_intensity: dict[str, float] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    camera_mode: str = "vertical"
+    camera_speed: float = 1.0
+    camera_x: int = 0
+    camera_y: int = 0
+    display_backend: str = "terminal"
+    scroll_speed: float = 1.0
+
+
+class Preset:
+    """Packages a starting pipeline config + Animation controller."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        description: str = "",
+        initial_params: PipelineParams | None = None,
+        animation: AnimationController | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.description = description
+        self.initial_params = initial_params or PipelineParams()
+        self.animation = animation or AnimationController()
+
+    def create_controller(self) -> AnimationController:
+        controller = AnimationController()
+        for key, value in self.initial_params.__dict__.items():
+            controller.set_param(key, value)
+        for event in self.animation._events:
+            controller.add_event(event)
+        return controller
+
+
+def create_demo_preset() -> Preset:
+    """Create the demo preset with effect cycling and camera modes."""
+    animation = AnimationController(fps=60)
+
+    effects = ["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose"]
+    camera_modes = ["vertical", "horizontal", "omni", "floating", "trace"]
+
+    def make_effect_action(eff):
+        def action(ctrl, t):
+            ctrl.set_param("current_effect", eff)
+            ctrl.set_param("effect_intensity", t)
+
+        return action
+
+    def make_camera_action(cam_mode):
+        def action(ctrl, t):
+            ctrl.set_param("camera_mode", cam_mode)
+
+        return action
+
+    for i, effect in enumerate(effects):
+        effect_duration = 5.0
+
+        animation.add_event(
+            Event(
+                name=f"effect_{effect}",
+                trigger=Trigger(
+                    type=TriggerType.TIME,
+                    value=i * effect_duration,
+                    repeat=True,
+                    repeat_interval=len(effects) * effect_duration,
+                ),
+                duration=effect_duration,
+                action=make_effect_action(effect),
+                ease=ease_in_out,
+            )
+        )
+
+    for i, mode in enumerate(camera_modes):
+        camera_duration = 10.0
+        animation.add_event(
+            Event(
+                name=f"camera_{mode}",
+                trigger=Trigger(
+                    type=TriggerType.TIME,
+                    value=i * camera_duration,
+                    repeat=True,
+                    repeat_interval=len(camera_modes) * camera_duration,
+                ),
+                duration=0.5,
+                action=make_camera_action(mode),
+            )
+        )
+
+    animation.add_event(
+        Event(
+            name="pulse",
+            trigger=Trigger(type=TriggerType.CYCLE, value=2.0, repeat=True),
+            duration=1.0,
+            action=lambda ctrl, t: ctrl.set_param("pulse", t),
+            ease=ease_out_bounce,
+        )
+    )
+
+    return Preset(
+        name="demo",
+        description="Demo mode with effect cycling and camera modes",
+        initial_params=PipelineParams(
+            effect_enabled={
+                "noise": False,
+                "fade": False,
+                "glitch": False,
+                "firehose": False,
+                "hud": True,
+            },
+            effect_intensity={
+                "noise": 0.0,
+                "fade": 0.0,
+                "glitch": 0.0,
+                "firehose": 0.0,
+            },
+            camera_mode="vertical",
+            camera_speed=1.0,
+            display_backend="pygame",
+        ),
+        animation=animation,
+    )
+
+
+def create_pipeline_preset() -> Preset:
+    """Create preset for pipeline visualization."""
+    animation = AnimationController(fps=60)
+
+    animation.add_event(
+        Event(
+            name="camera_trace",
+            trigger=Trigger(type=TriggerType.CYCLE, value=8.0, repeat=True),
+            duration=8.0,
+            action=lambda ctrl, t: ctrl.set_param("camera_mode", "trace"),
+        )
+    )
+
+    animation.add_event(
+        Event(
+            name="highlight_path",
+            trigger=Trigger(type=TriggerType.CYCLE, value=4.0, repeat=True),
+            duration=4.0,
+            action=lambda ctrl, t: ctrl.set_param("path_progress", t),
+        )
+    )
+
+    return Preset(
+        name="pipeline",
+        description="Pipeline visualization with trace camera",
+        initial_params=PipelineParams(
+            camera_mode="trace",
+            camera_speed=1.0,
+            display_backend="pygame",
+        ),
+        animation=animation,
+    )

engine/benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,730 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Benchmark runner for mainline - tests performance across effects and displays.
+
+Usage:
+    python -m engine.benchmark
+    python -m engine.benchmark --output report.md
+    python -m engine.benchmark --displays terminal,websocket --effects glitch,fade
+    python -m engine.benchmark --format json --output benchmark.json
+
+Headless mode (default): suppress all terminal output during benchmarks.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime
+from io import StringIO
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BenchmarkResult:
+    """Result of a single benchmark run."""
+
+    name: str
+    display: str
+    effect: str | None
+    iterations: int
+    total_time_ms: float
+    avg_time_ms: float
+    std_dev_ms: float
+    min_ms: float
+    max_ms: float
+    fps: float
+    chars_processed: int
+    chars_per_sec: float
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BenchmarkReport:
+    """Complete benchmark report."""
+
+    timestamp: str
+    python_version: str
+    results: list[BenchmarkResult] = field(default_factory=list)
+    summary: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+def get_sample_buffer(width: int = 80, height: int = 24) -> list[str]:
+    """Generate a sample buffer for benchmarking."""
+    lines = []
+    for i in range(height):
+        line = f"\x1b[32mLine {i}\x1b[0m " + "A" * (width - 10)
+        lines.append(line)
+    return lines
+
+
+def benchmark_display(
+    display_class,
+    buffer: list[str],
+    iterations: int = 100,
+    display=None,
+    reuse: bool = False,
+) -> BenchmarkResult | None:
+    """Benchmark a single display.
+
+    Args:
+        display_class: Display class to instantiate
+        buffer: Buffer to display
+        iterations: Number of iterations
+        display: Optional existing display instance to reuse
+        reuse: If True and display provided, use reuse mode
+    """
+    old_stdout = sys.stdout
+    old_stderr = sys.stderr
+
+    try:
+        sys.stdout = StringIO()
+        sys.stderr = StringIO()
+
+        if display is None:
+            display = display_class()
+            display.init(80, 24, reuse=False)
+            should_cleanup = True
+        else:
+            should_cleanup = False
+
+        times = []
+        chars = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+
+        for _ in range(iterations):
+            t0 = time.perf_counter()
+            display.show(buffer)
+            elapsed = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+            times.append(elapsed)
+
+        if should_cleanup and hasattr(display, "cleanup"):
+            display.cleanup(quit_pygame=False)
+
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    finally:
+        sys.stdout = old_stdout
+        sys.stderr = old_stderr
+
+    times_arr = np.array(times)
+
+    return BenchmarkResult(
+        name=f"display_{display_class.__name__}",
+        display=display_class.__name__,
+        effect=None,
+        iterations=iterations,
+        total_time_ms=sum(times),
+        avg_time_ms=float(np.mean(times_arr)),
+        std_dev_ms=float(np.std(times_arr)),
+        min_ms=float(np.min(times_arr)),
+        max_ms=float(np.max(times_arr)),
+        fps=float(1000.0 / np.mean(times_arr)) if np.mean(times_arr) > 0 else 0.0,
+        chars_processed=chars * iterations,
+        chars_per_sec=float((chars * iterations) / (sum(times) / 1000))
+        if sum(times) > 0
+        else 0.0,
+    )
+
+
+def benchmark_effect_with_display(
+    effect_class, display, buffer: list[str], iterations: int = 100, reuse: bool = False
+) -> BenchmarkResult | None:
+    """Benchmark an effect with a display.
+
+    Args:
+        effect_class: Effect class to instantiate
+        display: Display instance to use
+        buffer: Buffer to process and display
+        iterations: Number of iterations
+        reuse: If True, use reuse mode for display
+    """
+    old_stdout = sys.stdout
+    old_stderr = sys.stderr
+
+    try:
+        from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectContext
+
+        sys.stdout = StringIO()
+        sys.stderr = StringIO()
+
+        effect = effect_class()
+        effect.configure(EffectConfig(enabled=True, intensity=1.0))
+
+        ctx = EffectContext(
+            terminal_width=80,
+            terminal_height=24,
+            scroll_cam=0,
+            ticker_height=0,
+            mic_excess=0.0,
+            grad_offset=0.0,
+            frame_number=0,
+            has_message=False,
+        )
+
+        times = []
+        chars = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+
+        for _ in range(iterations):
+            processed = effect.process(buffer, ctx)
+            t0 = time.perf_counter()
+            display.show(processed)
+            elapsed = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+            times.append(elapsed)
+
+        if not reuse and hasattr(display, "cleanup"):
+            display.cleanup(quit_pygame=False)
+
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    finally:
+        sys.stdout = old_stdout
+        sys.stderr = old_stderr
+
+    times_arr = np.array(times)
+
+    return BenchmarkResult(
+        name=f"effect_{effect_class.__name__}_with_{display.__class__.__name__}",
+        display=display.__class__.__name__,
+        effect=effect_class.__name__,
+        iterations=iterations,
+        total_time_ms=sum(times),
+        avg_time_ms=float(np.mean(times_arr)),
+        std_dev_ms=float(np.std(times_arr)),
+        min_ms=float(np.min(times_arr)),
+        max_ms=float(np.max(times_arr)),
+        fps=float(1000.0 / np.mean(times_arr)) if np.mean(times_arr) > 0 else 0.0,
+        chars_processed=chars * iterations,
+        chars_per_sec=float((chars * iterations) / (sum(times) / 1000))
+        if sum(times) > 0
+        else 0.0,
+    )
+
+
+def get_available_displays():
+    """Get available display classes."""
+    from engine.display import (
+        DisplayRegistry,
+        NullDisplay,
+        TerminalDisplay,
+    )
+
+    DisplayRegistry.initialize()
+
+    displays = [
+        ("null", NullDisplay),
+        ("terminal", TerminalDisplay),
+    ]
+
+    try:
+        from engine.display.backends.websocket import WebSocketDisplay
+
+        displays.append(("websocket", WebSocketDisplay))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        from engine.display.backends.sixel import SixelDisplay
+
+        displays.append(("sixel", SixelDisplay))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        from engine.display.backends.pygame import PygameDisplay
+
+        displays.append(("pygame", PygameDisplay))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    return displays
+
+
+def get_available_effects():
+    """Get available effect classes."""
+    try:
+        from engine.effects import get_registry
+
+        try:
+            from effects_plugins import discover_plugins
+
+            discover_plugins()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    except Exception:
+        return []
+
+    effects = []
+    registry = get_registry()
+
+    for name, effect in registry.list_all().items():
+        if effect:
+            effect_cls = type(effect)
+            effects.append((name, effect_cls))
+
+    return effects
+
+
+def run_benchmarks(
+    displays: list[tuple[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    effects: list[tuple[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    iterations: int = 100,
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> BenchmarkReport:
+    """Run all benchmarks and return report."""
+    from datetime import datetime
+
+    if displays is None:
+        displays = get_available_displays()
+
+    if effects is None:
+        effects = get_available_effects()
+
+    buffer = get_sample_buffer(80, 24)
+    results = []
+
+    if verbose:
+        print(f"Running benchmarks ({iterations} iterations each)...")
+
+    pygame_display = None
+    for name, display_class in displays:
+        if verbose:
+            print(f"Benchmarking display: {name}")
+
+        result = benchmark_display(display_class, buffer, iterations)
+        if result:
+            results.append(result)
+            if verbose:
+                print(f"  {result.fps:.1f} FPS, {result.avg_time_ms:.2f}ms avg")
+
+        if name == "pygame":
+            pygame_display = result
+
+    if verbose:
+        print()
+
+    pygame_instance = None
+    if pygame_display:
+        try:
+            from engine.display.backends.pygame import PygameDisplay
+
+            PygameDisplay.reset_state()
+            pygame_instance = PygameDisplay()
+            pygame_instance.init(80, 24, reuse=False)
+        except Exception:
+            pygame_instance = None
+
+    for effect_name, effect_class in effects:
+        for display_name, display_class in displays:
+            if display_name == "websocket":
+                continue
+
+            if display_name == "pygame":
+                if verbose:
+                    print(f"Benchmarking effect: {effect_name} with {display_name}")
+
+                if pygame_instance:
+                    result = benchmark_effect_with_display(
+                        effect_class, pygame_instance, buffer, iterations, reuse=True
+                    )
+                    if result:
+                        results.append(result)
+                        if verbose:
+                            print(
+                                f"  {result.fps:.1f} FPS, {result.avg_time_ms:.2f}ms avg"
+                            )
+                continue
+
+            if verbose:
+                print(f"Benchmarking effect: {effect_name} with {display_name}")
+
+            display = display_class()
+            display.init(80, 24)
+            result = benchmark_effect_with_display(
+                effect_class, display, buffer, iterations
+            )
+            if result:
+                results.append(result)
+                if verbose:
+                    print(f"  {result.fps:.1f} FPS, {result.avg_time_ms:.2f}ms avg")
+
+    if pygame_instance:
+        try:
+            pygame_instance.cleanup(quit_pygame=True)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    summary = generate_summary(results)
+
+    return BenchmarkReport(
+        timestamp=datetime.now().isoformat(),
+        python_version=sys.version,
+        results=results,
+        summary=summary,
+    )
+
+
+def generate_summary(results: list[BenchmarkResult]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Generate summary statistics from results."""
+    by_display: dict[str, list[BenchmarkResult]] = {}
+    by_effect: dict[str, list[BenchmarkResult]] = {}
+
+    for r in results:
+        if r.display not in by_display:
+            by_display[r.display] = []
+        by_display[r.display].append(r)
+
+        if r.effect:
+            if r.effect not in by_effect:
+                by_effect[r.effect] = []
+            by_effect[r.effect].append(r)
+
+    summary = {
+        "by_display": {},
+        "by_effect": {},
+        "overall": {
+            "total_tests": len(results),
+            "displays_tested": len(by_display),
+            "effects_tested": len(by_effect),
+        },
+    }
+
+    for display, res in by_display.items():
+        fps_values = [r.fps for r in res]
+        summary["by_display"][display] = {
+            "avg_fps": float(np.mean(fps_values)),
+            "min_fps": float(np.min(fps_values)),
+            "max_fps": float(np.max(fps_values)),
+            "tests": len(res),
+        }
+
+    for effect, res in by_effect.items():
+        fps_values = [r.fps for r in res]
+        summary["by_effect"][effect] = {
+            "avg_fps": float(np.mean(fps_values)),
+            "min_fps": float(np.min(fps_values)),
+            "max_fps": float(np.max(fps_values)),
+            "tests": len(res),
+        }
+
+    return summary
+
+
+DEFAULT_CACHE_PATH = Path.home() / ".mainline_benchmark_cache.json"
+
+
+def load_baseline(cache_path: Path | None = None) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Load baseline benchmark results from cache."""
+    path = cache_path or DEFAULT_CACHE_PATH
+    if not path.exists():
+        return None
+    try:
+        with open(path) as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def save_baseline(
+    results: list[BenchmarkResult],
+    cache_path: Path | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Save benchmark results as baseline to cache."""
+    path = cache_path or DEFAULT_CACHE_PATH
+    baseline = {
+        "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+        "results": {
+            r.name: {
+                "fps": r.fps,
+                "avg_time_ms": r.avg_time_ms,
+                "chars_per_sec": r.chars_per_sec,
+            }
+            for r in results
+        },
+    }
+    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with open(path, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(baseline, f, indent=2)
+
+
+def compare_with_baseline(
+    results: list[BenchmarkResult],
+    baseline: dict[str, Any],
+    threshold: float = 0.2,
+    verbose: bool = True,
+) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
+    """Compare current results with baseline. Returns (pass, messages)."""
+    baseline_results = baseline.get("results", {})
+    failures = []
+    warnings = []
+
+    for r in results:
+        if r.name not in baseline_results:
+            warnings.append(f"New test: {r.name} (no baseline)")
+            continue
+
+        b = baseline_results[r.name]
+        if b["fps"] == 0:
+            continue
+
+        degradation = (b["fps"] - r.fps) / b["fps"]
+        if degradation > threshold:
+            failures.append(
+                f"{r.name}: FPS degraded {degradation * 100:.1f}% "
+                f"(baseline: {b['fps']:.1f}, current: {r.fps:.1f})"
+            )
+        elif verbose:
+            print(f"  {r.name}: {r.fps:.1f} FPS (baseline: {b['fps']:.1f})")
+
+    passed = len(failures) == 0
+    messages = []
+    if failures:
+        messages.extend(failures)
+    if warnings:
+        messages.extend(warnings)
+
+    return passed, messages
+
+
+def run_hook_mode(
+    displays: list[tuple[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    effects: list[tuple[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    iterations: int = 20,
+    threshold: float = 0.2,
+    cache_path: Path | None = None,
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> int:
+    """Run in hook mode: compare against baseline, exit 0 on pass, 1 on fail."""
+    baseline = load_baseline(cache_path)
+
+    if baseline is None:
+        print("No baseline found. Run with --baseline to create one.")
+        return 1
+
+    report = run_benchmarks(displays, effects, iterations, verbose)
+
+    passed, messages = compare_with_baseline(
+        report.results, baseline, threshold, verbose
+    )
+
+    print("\n=== Benchmark Hook Results ===")
+    if passed:
+        print("PASSED - No significant performance degradation")
+        return 0
+    else:
+        print("FAILED - Performance degradation detected:")
+        for msg in messages:
+            print(f"  - {msg}")
+        return 1
+
+
+def format_report_text(report: BenchmarkReport) -> str:
+    """Format report as human-readable text."""
+    lines = [
+        "# Mainline Performance Benchmark Report",
+        "",
+        f"Generated: {report.timestamp}",
+        f"Python: {report.python_version}",
+        "",
+        "## Summary",
+        "",
+        f"Total tests: {report.summary['overall']['total_tests']}",
+        f"Displays tested: {report.summary['overall']['displays_tested']}",
+        f"Effects tested: {report.summary['overall']['effects_tested']}",
+        "",
+        "## By Display",
+        "",
+    ]
+
+    for display, stats in report.summary["by_display"].items():
+        lines.append(f"### {display}")
+        lines.append(f"- Avg FPS: {stats['avg_fps']:.1f}")
+        lines.append(f"- Min FPS: {stats['min_fps']:.1f}")
+        lines.append(f"- Max FPS: {stats['max_fps']:.1f}")
+        lines.append(f"- Tests: {stats['tests']}")
+        lines.append("")
+
+    if report.summary["by_effect"]:
+        lines.append("## By Effect")
+        lines.append("")
+
+        for effect, stats in report.summary["by_effect"].items():
+            lines.append(f"### {effect}")
+            lines.append(f"- Avg FPS: {stats['avg_fps']:.1f}")
+            lines.append(f"- Min FPS: {stats['min_fps']:.1f}")
+            lines.append(f"- Max FPS: {stats['max_fps']:.1f}")
+            lines.append(f"- Tests: {stats['tests']}")
+            lines.append("")
+
+    lines.append("## Detailed Results")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("| Display | Effect | FPS | Avg ms | StdDev ms | Min ms | Max ms |")
+    lines.append("|---------|--------|-----|--------|-----------|--------|--------|")
+
+    for r in report.results:
+        effect_col = r.effect if r.effect else "-"
+        lines.append(
+            f"| {r.display} | {effect_col} | {r.fps:.1f} | {r.avg_time_ms:.2f} | "
+            f"{r.std_dev_ms:.2f} | {r.min_ms:.2f} | {r.max_ms:.2f} |"
+        )
+
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def format_report_json(report: BenchmarkReport) -> str:
+    """Format report as JSON."""
+    data = {
+        "timestamp": report.timestamp,
+        "python_version": report.python_version,
+        "summary": report.summary,
+        "results": [
+            {
+                "name": r.name,
+                "display": r.display,
+                "effect": r.effect,
+                "iterations": r.iterations,
+                "total_time_ms": r.total_time_ms,
+                "avg_time_ms": r.avg_time_ms,
+                "std_dev_ms": r.std_dev_ms,
+                "min_ms": r.min_ms,
+                "max_ms": r.max_ms,
+                "fps": r.fps,
+                "chars_processed": r.chars_processed,
+                "chars_per_sec": r.chars_per_sec,
+            }
+            for r in report.results
+        ],
+    }
+    return json.dumps(data, indent=2)
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Run mainline benchmarks")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--displays",
+        help="Comma-separated list of displays to test (default: all)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--effects",
+        help="Comma-separated list of effects to test (default: all)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--iterations",
+        type=int,
+        default=100,
+        help="Number of iterations per test (default: 100)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output",
+        help="Output file path (default: stdout)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--format",
+        choices=["text", "json"],
+        default="text",
+        help="Output format (default: text)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        "-v",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Show progress during benchmarking",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--hook",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Run in hook mode: compare against baseline, exit 0 pass, 1 fail",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--baseline",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Save current results as baseline for future hook comparisons",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--threshold",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.2,
+        help="Performance degradation threshold for hook mode (default: 0.2 = 20%%)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--cache",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Path to baseline cache file (default: ~/.mainline_benchmark_cache.json)",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    cache_path = Path(args.cache) if args.cache else DEFAULT_CACHE_PATH
+
+    if args.hook:
+        displays = None
+        if args.displays:
+            display_map = dict(get_available_displays())
+            displays = [
+                (name, display_map[name])
+                for name in args.displays.split(",")
+                if name in display_map
+            ]
+
+        effects = None
+        if args.effects:
+            effect_map = dict(get_available_effects())
+            effects = [
+                (name, effect_map[name])
+                for name in args.effects.split(",")
+                if name in effect_map
+            ]
+
+        return run_hook_mode(
+            displays,
+            effects,
+            iterations=args.iterations,
+            threshold=args.threshold,
+            cache_path=cache_path,
+            verbose=args.verbose,
+        )
+
+    displays = None
+    if args.displays:
+        display_map = dict(get_available_displays())
+        displays = [
+            (name, display_map[name])
+            for name in args.displays.split(",")
+            if name in display_map
+        ]
+
+    effects = None
+    if args.effects:
+        effect_map = dict(get_available_effects())
+        effects = [
+            (name, effect_map[name])
+            for name in args.effects.split(",")
+            if name in effect_map
+        ]
+
+    report = run_benchmarks(displays, effects, args.iterations, args.verbose)
+
+    if args.baseline:
+        save_baseline(report.results, cache_path)
+        print(f"Baseline saved to {cache_path}")
+        return 0
+
+    if args.format == "json":
+        output = format_report_json(report)
+    else:
+        output = format_report_text(report)
+
+    if args.output:
+        with open(args.output, "w") as f:
+            f.write(output)
+    else:
+        print(output)
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

engine/camera.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+"""
+Camera system for viewport scrolling.
+
+Provides abstraction for camera motion in different modes:
+- Vertical: traditional upward scroll
+- Horizontal: left/right movement
+- Omni: combination of both
+- Floating: sinusoidal/bobbing motion
+"""
+
+import math
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum, auto
+
+
+class CameraMode(Enum):
+    VERTICAL = auto()
+    HORIZONTAL = auto()
+    OMNI = auto()
+    FLOATING = auto()
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Camera:
+    """Camera for viewport scrolling.
+
+    Attributes:
+        x: Current horizontal offset (positive = scroll left)
+        y: Current vertical offset (positive = scroll up)
+        mode: Current camera mode
+        speed: Base scroll speed
+        custom_update: Optional custom update function
+    """
+
+    x: int = 0
+    y: int = 0
+    mode: CameraMode = CameraMode.VERTICAL
+    speed: float = 1.0
+    custom_update: Callable[["Camera", float], None] | None = None
+    _time: float = field(default=0.0, repr=False)
+
+    def update(self, dt: float) -> None:
+        """Update camera position based on mode.
+
+        Args:
+            dt: Delta time in seconds
+        """
+        self._time += dt
+
+        if self.custom_update:
+            self.custom_update(self, dt)
+            return
+
+        if self.mode == CameraMode.VERTICAL:
+            self._update_vertical(dt)
+        elif self.mode == CameraMode.HORIZONTAL:
+            self._update_horizontal(dt)
+        elif self.mode == CameraMode.OMNI:
+            self._update_omni(dt)
+        elif self.mode == CameraMode.FLOATING:
+            self._update_floating(dt)
+
+    def _update_vertical(self, dt: float) -> None:
+        self.y += int(self.speed * dt * 60)
+
+    def _update_horizontal(self, dt: float) -> None:
+        self.x += int(self.speed * dt * 60)
+
+    def _update_omni(self, dt: float) -> None:
+        speed = self.speed * dt * 60
+        self.y += int(speed)
+        self.x += int(speed * 0.5)
+
+    def _update_floating(self, dt: float) -> None:
+        base = self.speed * 30
+        self.y = int(math.sin(self._time * 2) * base)
+        self.x = int(math.cos(self._time * 1.5) * base * 0.5)
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """Reset camera position."""
+        self.x = 0
+        self.y = 0
+        self._time = 0.0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def vertical(cls, speed: float = 1.0) -> "Camera":
+        """Create a vertical scrolling camera."""
+        return cls(mode=CameraMode.VERTICAL, speed=speed)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def horizontal(cls, speed: float = 1.0) -> "Camera":
+        """Create a horizontal scrolling camera."""
+        return cls(mode=CameraMode.HORIZONTAL, speed=speed)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def omni(cls, speed: float = 1.0) -> "Camera":
+        """Create an omnidirectional scrolling camera."""
+        return cls(mode=CameraMode.OMNI, speed=speed)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def floating(cls, speed: float = 1.0) -> "Camera":
+        """Create a floating/bobbing camera."""
+        return cls(mode=CameraMode.FLOATING, speed=speed)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def custom(cls, update_fn: Callable[["Camera", float], None]) -> "Camera":
+        """Create a camera with custom update function."""
+        return cls(custom_update=update_fn)

engine/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+"""
+Configuration constants, CLI flags, and glyph tables.
+Supports both global constants (backward compatible) and injected config for testing.
+"""
+
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+_REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+_FONT_EXTENSIONS = {".otf", ".ttf", ".ttc"}
+
+
+def _arg_value(flag, argv: list[str] | None = None):
+    """Get value following a CLI flag, if present."""
+    argv = argv or sys.argv
+    if flag not in argv:
+        return None
+    i = argv.index(flag)
+    return argv[i + 1] if i + 1 < len(argv) else None
+
+
+def _arg_int(flag, default, argv: list[str] | None = None):
+    """Get int CLI argument with safe fallback."""
+    raw = _arg_value(flag, argv)
+    if raw is None:
+        return default
+    try:
+        return int(raw)
+    except ValueError:
+        return default
+
+
+def _resolve_font_path(raw_path):
+    """Resolve font path; relative paths are anchored to repo root."""
+    p = Path(raw_path).expanduser()
+    if p.is_absolute():
+        return str(p)
+    return str((_REPO_ROOT / p).resolve())
+
+
+def _list_font_files(font_dir):
+    """List supported font files within a font directory."""
+    font_root = Path(font_dir)
+    if not font_root.exists() or not font_root.is_dir():
+        return []
+    return [
+        str(path.resolve())
+        for path in sorted(font_root.iterdir())
+        if path.is_file() and path.suffix.lower() in _FONT_EXTENSIONS
+    ]
+
+
+def list_repo_font_files():
+    """Public helper for discovering repository font files."""
+    return _list_font_files(FONT_DIR)
+
+
+def _get_platform_font_paths() -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Get platform-appropriate font paths for non-Latin scripts."""
+    import platform
+
+    system = platform.system()
+
+    if system == "Darwin":
+        return {
+            "zh-cn": "/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Medium.ttc",
+            "ja": "/System/Library/Fonts/ヒラギノ角ゴシック W9.ttc",
+            "ko": "/System/Library/Fonts/AppleSDGothicNeo.ttc",
+            "ru": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+            "uk": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+            "el": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+            "he": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+            "ar": "/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc",
+            "fa": "/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc",
+            "hi": "/System/Library/Fonts/Kohinoor.ttc",
+            "th": "/System/Library/Fonts/ThonburiUI.ttc",
+        }
+    elif system == "Linux":
+        return {
+            "zh-cn": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc",
+            "ja": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc",
+            "ko": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc",
+            "ru": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "uk": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "el": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "he": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "ar": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "fa": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+            "hi": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansDevanagari-Regular.ttf",
+            "th": "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansThai-Regular.ttf",
+        }
+    else:
+        return {}
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Config:
+    """Immutable configuration container for injected config."""
+
+    headline_limit: int = 1000
+    feed_timeout: int = 10
+    mic_threshold_db: int = 50
+    mode: str = "news"
+    firehose: bool = False
+
+    ntfy_topic: str = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline/json"
+    ntfy_cc_cmd_topic: str = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd/json"
+    ntfy_cc_resp_topic: str = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp/json"
+    ntfy_reconnect_delay: int = 5
+    message_display_secs: int = 30
+
+    font_dir: str = "fonts"
+    font_path: str = ""
+    font_index: int = 0
+    font_picker: bool = True
+    font_sz: int = 60
+    render_h: int = 8
+
+    ssaa: int = 4
+
+    scroll_dur: float = 5.625
+    frame_dt: float = 0.05
+    firehose_h: int = 12
+    grad_speed: float = 0.08
+
+    glitch_glyphs: str = "░▒▓█▌▐╌╍╎╏┃┆┇┊┋"
+    kata_glyphs: str = "ﾊﾐﾋｰｳｼﾅﾓﾆｻﾜﾂｵﾘｱﾎﾃﾏｹﾒｴｶｷﾑﾕﾗｾﾈｽﾀﾇﾍ"
+
+    script_fonts: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=_get_platform_font_paths)
+
+    display: str = "pygame"
+    websocket: bool = False
+    websocket_port: int = 8765
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_args(cls, argv: list[str] | None = None) -> "Config":
+        """Create Config from CLI arguments (or custom argv for testing)."""
+        argv = argv or sys.argv
+
+        font_dir = _resolve_font_path(_arg_value("--font-dir", argv) or "fonts")
+        font_file_arg = _arg_value("--font-file", argv)
+        font_files = _list_font_files(font_dir)
+        font_path = (
+            _resolve_font_path(font_file_arg)
+            if font_file_arg
+            else (font_files[0] if font_files else "")
+        )
+
+        return cls(
+            headline_limit=1000,
+            feed_timeout=10,
+            mic_threshold_db=50,
+            mode="poetry" if "--poetry" in argv or "-p" in argv else "news",
+            firehose="--firehose" in argv,
+            ntfy_topic="https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline/json",
+            ntfy_cc_cmd_topic="https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd/json",
+            ntfy_cc_resp_topic="https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp/json",
+            ntfy_reconnect_delay=5,
+            message_display_secs=30,
+            font_dir=font_dir,
+            font_path=font_path,
+            font_index=max(0, _arg_int("--font-index", 0, argv)),
+            font_picker="--no-font-picker" not in argv,
+            font_sz=60,
+            render_h=8,
+            ssaa=4,
+            scroll_dur=5.625,
+            frame_dt=0.05,
+            firehose_h=12,
+            grad_speed=0.08,
+            glitch_glyphs="░▒▓█▌▐╌╍╎╏┃┆┇┊┋",
+            kata_glyphs="ﾊﾐﾋｰｳｼﾅﾓﾆｻﾜﾂｵﾘｱﾎﾃﾏｹﾒｴｶｷﾑﾕﾗｾﾈｽﾀﾇﾍ",
+            script_fonts=_get_platform_font_paths(),
+            display=_arg_value("--display", argv) or "terminal",
+            websocket="--websocket" in argv,
+            websocket_port=_arg_int("--websocket-port", 8765, argv),
+        )
+
+
+_config: Config | None = None
+
+
+def get_config() -> Config:
+    """Get the global config instance (lazy-loaded)."""
+    global _config
+    if _config is None:
+        _config = Config.from_args()
+    return _config
+
+
+def set_config(config: Config) -> None:
+    """Set the global config instance (for testing)."""
+    global _config
+    _config = config
+
+
+# ─── RUNTIME ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+HEADLINE_LIMIT = 1000
+FEED_TIMEOUT = 10
+MIC_THRESHOLD_DB = 50  # dB above which glitches intensify
+MODE = "poetry" if "--poetry" in sys.argv or "-p" in sys.argv else "news"
+FIREHOSE = "--firehose" in sys.argv
+
+# ─── NTFY MESSAGE QUEUE ──────────────────────────────────
+NTFY_TOPIC = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline/json"
+NTFY_CC_CMD_TOPIC = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd/json"
+NTFY_CC_RESP_TOPIC = "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp/json"
+NTFY_RECONNECT_DELAY = 5  # seconds before reconnecting after a dropped stream
+MESSAGE_DISPLAY_SECS = 30  # how long a message holds the screen
+
+# ─── FONT RENDERING ──────────────────────────────────────
+FONT_DIR = _resolve_font_path(_arg_value("--font-dir") or "fonts")
+_FONT_FILE_ARG = _arg_value("--font-file")
+_FONT_FILES = _list_font_files(FONT_DIR)
+FONT_PATH = (
+    _resolve_font_path(_FONT_FILE_ARG)
+    if _FONT_FILE_ARG
+    else (_FONT_FILES[0] if _FONT_FILES else "")
+)
+FONT_INDEX = max(0, _arg_int("--font-index", 0))
+FONT_PICKER = "--no-font-picker" not in sys.argv
+FONT_SZ = 60
+RENDER_H = 8  # terminal rows per rendered text line
+
+# ─── FONT RENDERING (ADVANCED) ────────────────────────────
+SSAA = 4  # super-sampling factor: render at SSAA× then downsample
+
+# ─── SCROLL / FRAME ──────────────────────────────────────
+SCROLL_DUR = 5.625  # seconds per headline (2/3 original speed)
+FRAME_DT = 0.05  # 50ms base frame rate (20 FPS)
+FIREHOSE_H = 12  # firehose zone height (terminal rows)
+GRAD_SPEED = 0.08  # gradient traversal speed (cycles/sec, ~12s full sweep)
+
+# ─── GLYPHS ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+GLITCH = "░▒▓█▌▐╌╍╎╏┃┆┇┊┋"
+KATA = "ﾊﾐﾋｰｳｼﾅﾓﾆｻﾜﾂｵﾘｱﾎﾃﾏｹﾒｴｶｷﾑﾕﾗｾﾈｽﾀﾇﾍ"
+
+# ─── WEBSOCKET ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+DISPLAY = _arg_value("--display", sys.argv) or "pygame"
+WEBSOCKET = "--websocket" in sys.argv
+WEBSOCKET_PORT = _arg_int("--websocket-port", 8765)
+
+# ─── DEMO MODE ────────────────────────────────────────────
+DEMO = "--demo" in sys.argv
+DEMO_EFFECT_DURATION = 5.0  # seconds per effect
+PIPELINE_DEMO = "--pipeline-demo" in sys.argv
+
+# ─── PIPELINE MODE (new unified architecture) ─────────────
+PIPELINE_MODE = "--pipeline" in sys.argv
+PIPELINE_PRESET = _arg_value("--pipeline-preset", sys.argv) or "demo"
+
+# ─── PRESET MODE ────────────────────────────────────────────
+PRESET = _arg_value("--preset", sys.argv)
+
+# ─── PIPELINE DIAGRAM ────────────────────────────────────
+PIPELINE_DIAGRAM = "--pipeline-diagram" in sys.argv
+
+
+def set_font_selection(font_path=None, font_index=None):
+    """Set runtime primary font selection."""
+    global FONT_PATH, FONT_INDEX
+    if font_path is not None:
+        FONT_PATH = _resolve_font_path(font_path)
+    if font_index is not None:
+        FONT_INDEX = max(0, int(font_index))

engine/controller.py

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+"""
+Stream controller - manages input sources and orchestrates the render stream.
+"""
+
+from engine.config import Config, get_config
+from engine.display import (
+    DisplayRegistry,
+    KittyDisplay,
+    MultiDisplay,
+    NullDisplay,
+    PygameDisplay,
+    SixelDisplay,
+    TerminalDisplay,
+    WebSocketDisplay,
+)
+from engine.effects.controller import handle_effects_command
+from engine.eventbus import EventBus
+from engine.events import EventType, StreamEvent
+from engine.mic import MicMonitor
+from engine.ntfy import NtfyPoller
+from engine.scroll import stream
+
+
+def _get_display(config: Config):
+    """Get the appropriate display based on config."""
+    DisplayRegistry.initialize()
+    display_mode = config.display.lower()
+
+    displays = []
+
+    if display_mode in ("terminal", "both"):
+        displays.append(TerminalDisplay())
+
+    if display_mode in ("websocket", "both"):
+        ws = WebSocketDisplay(host="0.0.0.0", port=config.websocket_port)
+        ws.start_server()
+        ws.start_http_server()
+        displays.append(ws)
+
+    if display_mode == "sixel":
+        displays.append(SixelDisplay())
+
+    if display_mode == "kitty":
+        displays.append(KittyDisplay())
+
+    if display_mode == "pygame":
+        displays.append(PygameDisplay())
+
+    if not displays:
+        return NullDisplay()
+
+    if len(displays) == 1:
+        return displays[0]
+
+    return MultiDisplay(displays)
+
+
+class StreamController:
+    """Controls the stream lifecycle - initializes sources and runs the stream."""
+
+    _topics_warmed = False
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Config | None = None, event_bus: EventBus | None = None):
+        self.config = config or get_config()
+        self.event_bus = event_bus
+        self.mic: MicMonitor | None = None
+        self.ntfy: NtfyPoller | None = None
+        self.ntfy_cc: NtfyPoller | None = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def warmup_topics(cls) -> None:
+        """Warm up ntfy topics lazily (creates them if they don't exist)."""
+        if cls._topics_warmed:
+            return
+
+        import urllib.request
+
+        topics = [
+            "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd",
+            "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp",
+            "https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline",
+        ]
+
+        for topic in topics:
+            try:
+                req = urllib.request.Request(
+                    topic,
+                    data=b"init",
+                    headers={
+                        "User-Agent": "mainline/0.1",
+                        "Content-Type": "text/plain",
+                    },
+                    method="POST",
+                )
+                urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        cls._topics_warmed = True
+
+    def initialize_sources(self) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
+        """Initialize microphone and ntfy sources.
+
+        Returns:
+            (mic_ok, ntfy_ok) - success status for each source
+        """
+        self.mic = MicMonitor(threshold_db=self.config.mic_threshold_db)
+        mic_ok = self.mic.start() if self.mic.available else False
+
+        self.ntfy = NtfyPoller(
+            self.config.ntfy_topic,
+            reconnect_delay=self.config.ntfy_reconnect_delay,
+            display_secs=self.config.message_display_secs,
+        )
+        ntfy_ok = self.ntfy.start()
+
+        self.ntfy_cc = NtfyPoller(
+            self.config.ntfy_cc_cmd_topic,
+            reconnect_delay=self.config.ntfy_reconnect_delay,
+            display_secs=5,
+        )
+        self.ntfy_cc.subscribe(self._handle_cc_message)
+        ntfy_cc_ok = self.ntfy_cc.start()
+
+        return bool(mic_ok), ntfy_ok and ntfy_cc_ok
+
+    def _handle_cc_message(self, event) -> None:
+        """Handle incoming C&C message - like a serial port control interface."""
+        import urllib.request
+
+        cmd = event.body.strip() if hasattr(event, "body") else str(event).strip()
+        if not cmd.startswith("/"):
+            return
+
+        response = handle_effects_command(cmd)
+
+        topic_url = self.config.ntfy_cc_resp_topic.replace("/json", "")
+        data = response.encode("utf-8")
+        req = urllib.request.Request(
+            topic_url,
+            data=data,
+            headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1", "Content-Type": "text/plain"},
+            method="POST",
+        )
+        try:
+            urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    def run(self, items: list) -> None:
+        """Run the stream with initialized sources."""
+        if self.mic is None or self.ntfy is None:
+            self.initialize_sources()
+
+        if self.event_bus:
+            self.event_bus.publish(
+                EventType.STREAM_START,
+                StreamEvent(
+                    event_type=EventType.STREAM_START,
+                    headline_count=len(items),
+                ),
+            )
+
+        display = _get_display(self.config)
+        stream(items, self.ntfy, self.mic, display)
+        if display:
+            display.cleanup()
+
+        if self.event_bus:
+            self.event_bus.publish(
+                EventType.STREAM_END,
+                StreamEvent(
+                    event_type=EventType.STREAM_END,
+                    headline_count=len(items),
+                ),
+            )
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Clean up resources."""
+        if self.mic:
+            self.mic.stop()

engine/display/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+"""
+Display backend system with registry pattern.
+
+Allows swapping output backends via the Display protocol.
+Supports auto-discovery of display backends.
+"""
+
+from typing import Protocol
+
+from engine.display.backends.kitty import KittyDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.multi import MultiDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.null import NullDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.pygame import PygameDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.sixel import SixelDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.terminal import TerminalDisplay
+from engine.display.backends.websocket import WebSocketDisplay
+
+
+class Display(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for display backends.
+
+    All display backends must implement:
+    - width, height: Terminal dimensions
+    - init(width, height, reuse=False): Initialize the display
+    - show(buffer): Render buffer to display
+    - clear(): Clear the display
+    - cleanup(): Shutdown the display
+
+    The reuse flag allows attaching to an existing display instance
+    rather than creating a new window/connection.
+    """
+
+    width: int
+    height: int
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: If True, attach to existing display instead of creating new
+        """
+        ...
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        """Show buffer on display."""
+        ...
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Clear display."""
+        ...
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Shutdown display."""
+        ...
+
+
+class DisplayRegistry:
+    """Registry for display backends with auto-discovery."""
+
+    _backends: dict[str, type[Display]] = {}
+    _initialized = False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls, name: str, backend_class: type[Display]) -> None:
+        """Register a display backend."""
+        cls._backends[name.lower()] = backend_class
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls, name: str) -> type[Display] | None:
+        """Get a display backend class by name."""
+        return cls._backends.get(name.lower())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def list_backends(cls) -> list[str]:
+        """List all available display backend names."""
+        return list(cls._backends.keys())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, name: str, **kwargs) -> Display | None:
+        """Create a display instance by name."""
+        cls.initialize()
+        backend_class = cls.get(name)
+        if backend_class:
+            return backend_class(**kwargs)
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def initialize(cls) -> None:
+        """Initialize and register all built-in backends."""
+        if cls._initialized:
+            return
+
+        cls.register("terminal", TerminalDisplay)
+        cls.register("null", NullDisplay)
+        cls.register("websocket", WebSocketDisplay)
+        cls.register("sixel", SixelDisplay)
+        cls.register("kitty", KittyDisplay)
+        cls.register("pygame", PygameDisplay)
+
+        cls._initialized = True
+
+
+def get_monitor():
+    """Get the performance monitor."""
+    try:
+        from engine.effects.performance import get_monitor as _get_monitor
+
+        return _get_monitor()
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Display",
+    "DisplayRegistry",
+    "get_monitor",
+    "TerminalDisplay",
+    "NullDisplay",
+    "WebSocketDisplay",
+    "SixelDisplay",
+    "MultiDisplay",
+]

engine/display/backends/kitty.py

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""
+Kitty graphics display backend - renders using kitty's native graphics protocol.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+from engine.display.renderer import get_default_font_path, parse_ansi
+
+
+def _encode_kitty_graphic(image_data: bytes, width: int, height: int) -> bytes:
+    """Encode image data using kitty's graphics protocol."""
+    import base64
+
+    encoded = base64.b64encode(image_data).decode("ascii")
+
+    chunks = []
+    for i in range(0, len(encoded), 4096):
+        chunk = encoded[i : i + 4096]
+        if i == 0:
+            chunks.append(f"\x1b_Gf=100,t=d,s={width},v={height},c=1,r=1;{chunk}\x1b\\")
+        else:
+            chunks.append(f"\x1b_Gm={height};{chunk}\x1b\\")
+
+    return "".join(chunks).encode("utf-8")
+
+
+class KittyDisplay:
+    """Kitty graphics display backend using kitty's native protocol."""
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+
+    def __init__(self, cell_width: int = 9, cell_height: int = 16):
+        self.width = 80
+        self.height = 24
+        self.cell_width = cell_width
+        self.cell_height = cell_height
+        self._initialized = False
+        self._font_path = None
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: Ignored for KittyDisplay (protocol doesn't support reuse)
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self._initialized = True
+
+    def _get_font_path(self) -> str | None:
+        """Get font path from env or detect common locations."""
+        import os
+
+        if self._font_path:
+            return self._font_path
+
+        env_font = os.environ.get("MAINLINE_KITTY_FONT")
+        if env_font and os.path.exists(env_font):
+            self._font_path = env_font
+            return env_font
+
+        font_path = get_default_font_path()
+        if font_path:
+            self._font_path = font_path
+
+        return self._font_path
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+
+        img_width = self.width * self.cell_width
+        img_height = self.height * self.cell_height
+
+        try:
+            from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+        except ImportError:
+            return
+
+        img = Image.new("RGBA", (img_width, img_height), (0, 0, 0, 255))
+        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+
+        font_path = self._get_font_path()
+        font = None
+        if font_path:
+            try:
+                font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, self.cell_height - 2)
+            except Exception:
+                font = None
+
+        if font is None:
+            try:
+                font = ImageFont.load_default()
+            except Exception:
+                font = None
+
+        for row_idx, line in enumerate(buffer[: self.height]):
+            if row_idx >= self.height:
+                break
+
+            tokens = parse_ansi(line)
+            x_pos = 0
+            y_pos = row_idx * self.cell_height
+
+            for text, fg, bg, bold in tokens:
+                if not text:
+                    continue
+
+                if bg != (0, 0, 0):
+                    bbox = draw.textbbox((x_pos, y_pos), text, font=font)
+                    draw.rectangle(bbox, fill=(*bg, 255))
+
+                if bold and font:
+                    draw.text((x_pos - 1, y_pos - 1), text, fill=(*fg, 255), font=font)
+
+                draw.text((x_pos, y_pos), text, fill=(*fg, 255), font=font)
+
+                if font:
+                    x_pos += draw.textlength(text, font=font)
+
+        from io import BytesIO
+
+        output = BytesIO()
+        img.save(output, format="PNG")
+        png_data = output.getvalue()
+
+        graphic = _encode_kitty_graphic(png_data, img_width, img_height)
+
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write(graphic)
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+        elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+
+        from engine.display import get_monitor
+
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            monitor.record_effect("kitty_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write(b"\x1b_Ga=d\x1b\\")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        self.clear()

engine/display/backends/multi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""
+Multi display backend - forwards to multiple displays.
+"""
+
+
+class MultiDisplay:
+    """Display that forwards to multiple displays.
+
+    Supports reuse - passes reuse flag to all child displays.
+    """
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+
+    def __init__(self, displays: list):
+        self.displays = displays
+        self.width = 80
+        self.height = 24
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize all child displays with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: If True, use reuse mode for child displays
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        for d in self.displays:
+            d.init(width, height, reuse=reuse)
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        for d in self.displays:
+            d.show(buffer)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        for d in self.displays:
+            d.clear()
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        for d in self.displays:
+            d.cleanup()

engine/display/backends/null.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""
+Null/headless display backend.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+
+class NullDisplay:
+    """Headless/null display - discards all output.
+
+    This display does nothing - useful for headless benchmarking
+    or when no display output is needed.
+    """
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: Ignored for NullDisplay (no resources to reuse)
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        from engine.display import get_monitor
+
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            t0 = time.perf_counter()
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+            monitor.record_effect("null_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        pass

engine/display/backends/pygame.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+"""
+Pygame display backend - renders to a native application window.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+from engine.display.renderer import parse_ansi
+
+
+class PygameDisplay:
+    """Pygame display backend - renders to native window.
+
+    Supports reuse mode - when reuse=True, skips SDL initialization
+    and reuses the existing pygame window from a previous instance.
+    """
+
+    width: int = 80
+    window_width: int = 800
+    window_height: int = 600
+    _pygame_initialized: bool = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        cell_width: int = 10,
+        cell_height: int = 18,
+        window_width: int = 800,
+        window_height: int = 600,
+    ):
+        self.width = 80
+        self.height = 24
+        self.cell_width = cell_width
+        self.cell_height = cell_height
+        self.window_width = window_width
+        self.window_height = window_height
+        self._initialized = False
+        self._pygame = None
+        self._screen = None
+        self._font = None
+        self._resized = False
+
+    def _get_font_path(self) -> str | None:
+        """Get font path for rendering."""
+        import os
+        import sys
+        from pathlib import Path
+
+        env_font = os.environ.get("MAINLINE_PYGAME_FONT")
+        if env_font and os.path.exists(env_font):
+            return env_font
+
+        def search_dir(base_path: str) -> str | None:
+            if not os.path.exists(base_path):
+                return None
+            if os.path.isfile(base_path):
+                return base_path
+            for font_file in Path(base_path).rglob("*"):
+                if font_file.suffix.lower() in (".ttf", ".otf", ".ttc"):
+                    name = font_file.stem.lower()
+                    if "geist" in name and ("nerd" in name or "mono" in name):
+                        return str(font_file)
+            return None
+
+        search_dirs = []
+        if sys.platform == "darwin":
+            search_dirs.append(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Fonts/"))
+        elif sys.platform == "win32":
+            search_dirs.append(
+                os.path.expanduser("~\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Fonts\\")
+            )
+        else:
+            search_dirs.extend(
+                [
+                    os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share/fonts/"),
+                    os.path.expanduser("~/.fonts/"),
+                    "/usr/share/fonts/",
+                ]
+            )
+
+        for search_dir_path in search_dirs:
+            found = search_dir(search_dir_path)
+            if found:
+                return found
+
+        return None
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: If True, attach to existing pygame window instead of creating new
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+        import os
+
+        os.environ["SDL_VIDEODRIVER"] = "x11"
+
+        try:
+            import pygame
+        except ImportError:
+            return
+
+        if reuse and PygameDisplay._pygame_initialized:
+            self._pygame = pygame
+            self._initialized = True
+            return
+
+        pygame.init()
+        pygame.display.set_caption("Mainline")
+
+        self._screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
+            (self.window_width, self.window_height),
+            pygame.RESIZABLE,
+        )
+        self._pygame = pygame
+        PygameDisplay._pygame_initialized = True
+
+        font_path = self._get_font_path()
+        if font_path:
+            try:
+                self._font = pygame.font.Font(font_path, self.cell_height - 2)
+            except Exception:
+                self._font = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace", self.cell_height - 2)
+        else:
+            self._font = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace", self.cell_height - 2)
+
+        self._initialized = True
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        if not self._initialized or not self._pygame:
+            return
+
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+
+        for event in self._pygame.event.get():
+            if event.type == self._pygame.QUIT:
+                sys.exit(0)
+            elif event.type == self._pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
+                self.window_width = event.w
+                self.window_height = event.h
+                self.width = max(1, self.window_width // self.cell_width)
+                self.height = max(1, self.window_height // self.cell_height)
+                self._resized = True
+
+        self._screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
+
+        for row_idx, line in enumerate(buffer[: self.height]):
+            if row_idx >= self.height:
+                break
+
+            tokens = parse_ansi(line)
+            x_pos = 0
+
+            for text, fg, bg, _bold in tokens:
+                if not text:
+                    continue
+
+                if bg != (0, 0, 0):
+                    bg_surface = self._font.render(text, True, fg, bg)
+                    self._screen.blit(bg_surface, (x_pos, row_idx * self.cell_height))
+                else:
+                    text_surface = self._font.render(text, True, fg)
+                    self._screen.blit(text_surface, (x_pos, row_idx * self.cell_height))
+
+                x_pos += self._font.size(text)[0]
+
+        self._pygame.display.flip()
+
+        elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+
+        from engine.display import get_monitor
+
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            monitor.record_effect("pygame_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        if self._screen and self._pygame:
+            self._screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
+            self._pygame.display.flip()
+
+    def get_dimensions(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """Get current terminal dimensions based on window size.
+
+        Returns:
+            (width, height) in character cells
+        """
+        if self._resized:
+            self._resized = False
+        return self.width, self.height
+
+    def cleanup(self, quit_pygame: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Cleanup display resources.
+
+        Args:
+            quit_pygame: If True, quit pygame entirely. Set to False when
+                        reusing the display to avoid closing shared window.
+        """
+        if quit_pygame and self._pygame:
+            self._pygame.quit()
+            PygameDisplay._pygame_initialized = False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def reset_state(cls) -> None:
+        """Reset pygame state - useful for testing."""
+        cls._pygame_initialized = False

engine/display/backends/sixel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+"""
+Sixel graphics display backend - renders to sixel graphics in terminal.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+from engine.display.renderer import get_default_font_path, parse_ansi
+
+
+def _encode_sixel(image) -> str:
+    """Encode a PIL Image to sixel format (pure Python)."""
+    img = image.convert("RGBA")
+    width, height = img.size
+    pixels = img.load()
+
+    palette = []
+    pixel_palette_idx = {}
+
+    def get_color_idx(r, g, b, a):
+        if a < 128:
+            return -1
+        key = (r // 32, g // 32, b // 32)
+        if key not in pixel_palette_idx:
+            idx = len(palette)
+            if idx < 256:
+                palette.append((r, g, b))
+                pixel_palette_idx[key] = idx
+        return pixel_palette_idx.get(key, 0)
+
+    for y in range(height):
+        for x in range(width):
+            r, g, b, a = pixels[x, y]
+            get_color_idx(r, g, b, a)
+
+    if not palette:
+        return ""
+
+    if len(palette) == 1:
+        palette = [palette[0], (0, 0, 0)]
+
+    sixel_data = []
+    sixel_data.append(
+        f'"{"".join(f"#{i};2;{r};{g};{b}" for i, (r, g, b) in enumerate(palette))}'
+    )
+
+    for x in range(width):
+        col_data = []
+        for y in range(0, height, 6):
+            bits = 0
+            color_idx = -1
+            for dy in range(6):
+                if y + dy < height:
+                    r, g, b, a = pixels[x, y + dy]
+                    if a >= 128:
+                        bits |= 1 << dy
+                        idx = get_color_idx(r, g, b, a)
+                        if color_idx == -1:
+                            color_idx = idx
+                        elif color_idx != idx:
+                            color_idx = -2
+
+            if color_idx >= 0:
+                col_data.append(
+                    chr(63 + color_idx) + chr(63 + bits)
+                    if bits
+                    else chr(63 + color_idx) + "?"
+                )
+            elif color_idx == -2:
+                pass
+
+        if col_data:
+            sixel_data.append("".join(col_data) + "$")
+        else:
+            sixel_data.append("-" if x < width - 1 else "$")
+
+    sixel_data.append("\x1b\\")
+
+    return "\x1bPq" + "".join(sixel_data)
+
+
+class SixelDisplay:
+    """Sixel graphics display backend - renders to sixel graphics in terminal."""
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+
+    def __init__(self, cell_width: int = 9, cell_height: int = 16):
+        self.width = 80
+        self.height = 24
+        self.cell_width = cell_width
+        self.cell_height = cell_height
+        self._initialized = False
+        self._font_path = None
+
+    def _get_font_path(self) -> str | None:
+        """Get font path from env or detect common locations."""
+        import os
+
+        if self._font_path:
+            return self._font_path
+
+        env_font = os.environ.get("MAINLINE_SIXEL_FONT")
+        if env_font and os.path.exists(env_font):
+            self._font_path = env_font
+            return env_font
+
+        font_path = get_default_font_path()
+        if font_path:
+            self._font_path = font_path
+
+        return self._font_path
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: Ignored for SixelDisplay
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self._initialized = True
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+
+        img_width = self.width * self.cell_width
+        img_height = self.height * self.cell_height
+
+        try:
+            from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+        except ImportError:
+            return
+
+        img = Image.new("RGBA", (img_width, img_height), (0, 0, 0, 255))
+        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+
+        font_path = self._get_font_path()
+        font = None
+        if font_path:
+            try:
+                font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, self.cell_height - 2)
+            except Exception:
+                font = None
+
+        if font is None:
+            try:
+                font = ImageFont.load_default()
+            except Exception:
+                font = None
+
+        for row_idx, line in enumerate(buffer[: self.height]):
+            if row_idx >= self.height:
+                break
+
+            tokens = parse_ansi(line)
+            x_pos = 0
+            y_pos = row_idx * self.cell_height
+
+            for text, fg, bg, bold in tokens:
+                if not text:
+                    continue
+
+                if bg != (0, 0, 0):
+                    bbox = draw.textbbox((x_pos, y_pos), text, font=font)
+                    draw.rectangle(bbox, fill=(*bg, 255))
+
+                if bold and font:
+                    draw.text((x_pos - 1, y_pos - 1), text, fill=(*fg, 255), font=font)
+
+                draw.text((x_pos, y_pos), text, fill=(*fg, 255), font=font)
+
+                if font:
+                    x_pos += draw.textlength(text, font=font)
+
+        sixel = _encode_sixel(img)
+
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write(sixel.encode("utf-8"))
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+        elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+
+        from engine.display import get_monitor
+
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            monitor.record_effect("sixel_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write(b"\x1b[2J\x1b[H")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        pass

engine/display/backends/terminal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""
+ANSI terminal display backend.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+
+class TerminalDisplay:
+    """ANSI terminal display backend.
+
+    Renders buffer to stdout using ANSI escape codes.
+    Supports reuse - when reuse=True, skips re-initializing terminal state.
+    """
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+    _initialized: bool = False
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: If True, skip terminal re-initialization
+        """
+        from engine.terminal import CURSOR_OFF
+
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+        if not reuse or not self._initialized:
+            print(CURSOR_OFF, end="", flush=True)
+            self._initialized = True
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        import sys
+
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+        sys.stdout.buffer.write("".join(buffer).encode())
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+
+        from engine.display import get_monitor
+
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            monitor.record_effect("terminal_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        from engine.terminal import CLR
+
+        print(CLR, end="", flush=True)
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        from engine.terminal import CURSOR_ON
+
+        print(CURSOR_ON, end="", flush=True)

engine/display/backends/websocket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+"""
+WebSocket display backend - broadcasts frame buffer to connected web clients.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import threading
+import time
+from typing import Protocol
+
+try:
+    import websockets
+except ImportError:
+    websockets = None
+
+
+class Display(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for display backends."""
+
+    width: int
+    height: int
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions."""
+        ...
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        """Show buffer on display."""
+        ...
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Clear display."""
+        ...
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Shutdown display."""
+        ...
+
+
+def get_monitor():
+    """Get the performance monitor."""
+    try:
+        from engine.effects.performance import get_monitor as _get_monitor
+
+        return _get_monitor()
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+class WebSocketDisplay:
+    """WebSocket display backend - broadcasts to HTML Canvas clients."""
+
+    width: int = 80
+    height: int = 24
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host: str = "0.0.0.0",
+        port: int = 8765,
+        http_port: int = 8766,
+    ):
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.http_port = http_port
+        self.width = 80
+        self.height = 24
+        self._clients: set = set()
+        self._server_running = False
+        self._http_running = False
+        self._server_thread: threading.Thread | None = None
+        self._http_thread: threading.Thread | None = None
+        self._available = True
+        self._max_clients = 10
+        self._client_connected_callback = None
+        self._client_disconnected_callback = None
+        self._frame_delay = 0.0
+
+        try:
+            import websockets as _ws
+
+            self._available = _ws is not None
+        except ImportError:
+            self._available = False
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if WebSocket support is available."""
+        return self._available
+
+    def init(self, width: int, height: int, reuse: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Initialize display with dimensions and start server.
+
+        Args:
+            width: Terminal width in characters
+            height: Terminal height in rows
+            reuse: If True, skip starting servers (assume already running)
+        """
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+
+        if not reuse or not self._server_running:
+            self.start_server()
+            self.start_http_server()
+
+    def show(self, buffer: list[str]) -> None:
+        """Broadcast buffer to all connected clients."""
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+
+        if self._clients:
+            frame_data = {
+                "type": "frame",
+                "width": self.width,
+                "height": self.height,
+                "lines": buffer,
+            }
+            message = json.dumps(frame_data)
+
+            disconnected = set()
+            for client in list(self._clients):
+                try:
+                    asyncio.run(client.send(message))
+                except Exception:
+                    disconnected.add(client)
+
+            for client in disconnected:
+                self._clients.discard(client)
+                if self._client_disconnected_callback:
+                    self._client_disconnected_callback(client)
+
+        elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000
+        monitor = get_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in buffer)
+            monitor.record_effect("websocket_display", elapsed_ms, chars_in, chars_in)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Broadcast clear command to all clients."""
+        if self._clients:
+            clear_data = {"type": "clear"}
+            message = json.dumps(clear_data)
+            for client in list(self._clients):
+                try:
+                    asyncio.run(client.send(message))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the servers."""
+        self.stop_server()
+        self.stop_http_server()
+
+    async def _websocket_handler(self, websocket):
+        """Handle WebSocket connections."""
+        if len(self._clients) >= self._max_clients:
+            await websocket.close()
+            return
+
+        self._clients.add(websocket)
+        if self._client_connected_callback:
+            self._client_connected_callback(websocket)
+
+        try:
+            async for message in websocket:
+                try:
+                    data = json.loads(message)
+                    if data.get("type") == "resize":
+                        self.width = data.get("width", 80)
+                        self.height = data.get("height", 24)
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    pass
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        finally:
+            self._clients.discard(websocket)
+            if self._client_disconnected_callback:
+                self._client_disconnected_callback(websocket)
+
+    async def _run_websocket_server(self):
+        """Run the WebSocket server."""
+        async with websockets.serve(self._websocket_handler, self.host, self.port):
+            while self._server_running:
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+
+    async def _run_http_server(self):
+        """Run simple HTTP server for the client."""
+        import os
+        from http.server import HTTPServer, SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
+
+        client_dir = os.path.join(
+            os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))), "client"
+        )
+
+        class Handler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
+            def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                super().__init__(*args, directory=client_dir, **kwargs)
+
+            def log_message(self, format, *args):
+                pass
+
+        httpd = HTTPServer((self.host, self.http_port), Handler)
+        while self._http_running:
+            httpd.handle_request()
+
+    def _run_async(self, coro):
+        """Run coroutine in background."""
+        try:
+            asyncio.run(coro)
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"WebSocket async error: {e}")
+
+    def start_server(self):
+        """Start the WebSocket server in a background thread."""
+        if not self._available:
+            return
+        if self._server_thread is not None:
+            return
+
+        self._server_running = True
+        self._server_thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._run_async, args=(self._run_websocket_server(),), daemon=True
+        )
+        self._server_thread.start()
+
+    def stop_server(self):
+        """Stop the WebSocket server."""
+        self._server_running = False
+        self._server_thread = None
+
+    def start_http_server(self):
+        """Start the HTTP server in a background thread."""
+        if not self._available:
+            return
+        if self._http_thread is not None:
+            return
+
+        self._http_running = True
+
+        self._http_running = True
+        self._http_thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._run_async, args=(self._run_http_server(),), daemon=True
+        )
+        self._http_thread.start()
+
+    def stop_http_server(self):
+        """Stop the HTTP server."""
+        self._http_running = False
+        self._http_thread = None
+
+    def client_count(self) -> int:
+        """Return number of connected clients."""
+        return len(self._clients)
+
+    def get_ws_port(self) -> int:
+        """Return WebSocket port."""
+        return self.port
+
+    def get_http_port(self) -> int:
+        """Return HTTP port."""
+        return self.http_port
+
+    def set_frame_delay(self, delay: float) -> None:
+        """Set delay between frames in seconds."""
+        self._frame_delay = delay
+
+    def get_frame_delay(self) -> float:
+        """Get delay between frames."""
+        return self._frame_delay
+
+    def set_client_connected_callback(self, callback) -> None:
+        """Set callback for client connections."""
+        self._client_connected_callback = callback
+
+    def set_client_disconnected_callback(self, callback) -> None:
+        """Set callback for client disconnections."""
+        self._client_disconnected_callback = callback

engine/display/renderer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""
+Shared display rendering utilities.
+
+Provides common functionality for displays that render text to images
+(Pygame, Sixel, Kitty displays).
+"""
+
+from typing import Any
+
+ANSI_COLORS = {
+    0: (0, 0, 0),
+    1: (205, 49, 49),
+    2: (13, 188, 121),
+    3: (229, 229, 16),
+    4: (36, 114, 200),
+    5: (188, 63, 188),
+    6: (17, 168, 205),
+    7: (229, 229, 229),
+    8: (102, 102, 102),
+    9: (241, 76, 76),
+    10: (35, 209, 139),
+    11: (245, 245, 67),
+    12: (59, 142, 234),
+    13: (214, 112, 214),
+    14: (41, 184, 219),
+    15: (255, 255, 255),
+}
+
+
+def parse_ansi(
+    text: str,
+) -> list[tuple[str, tuple[int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int], bool]]:
+    """Parse ANSI escape sequences into text tokens with colors.
+
+    Args:
+        text: Text containing ANSI escape sequences
+
+    Returns:
+        List of (text, fg_rgb, bg_rgb, bold) tuples
+    """
+    tokens = []
+    current_text = ""
+    fg = (204, 204, 204)
+    bg = (0, 0, 0)
+    bold = False
+    i = 0
+
+    ANSI_COLORS_4BIT = {
+        0: (0, 0, 0),
+        1: (205, 49, 49),
+        2: (13, 188, 121),
+        3: (229, 229, 16),
+        4: (36, 114, 200),
+        5: (188, 63, 188),
+        6: (17, 168, 205),
+        7: (229, 229, 229),
+        8: (102, 102, 102),
+        9: (241, 76, 76),
+        10: (35, 209, 139),
+        11: (245, 245, 67),
+        12: (59, 142, 234),
+        13: (214, 112, 214),
+        14: (41, 184, 219),
+        15: (255, 255, 255),
+    }
+
+    while i < len(text):
+        char = text[i]
+
+        if char == "\x1b" and i + 1 < len(text) and text[i + 1] == "[":
+            if current_text:
+                tokens.append((current_text, fg, bg, bold))
+                current_text = ""
+
+            i += 2
+            code = ""
+            while i < len(text):
+                c = text[i]
+                if c.isalpha():
+                    break
+                code += c
+                i += 1
+
+            if code:
+                codes = code.split(";")
+                for c in codes:
+                    if c == "0":
+                        fg = (204, 204, 204)
+                        bg = (0, 0, 0)
+                        bold = False
+                    elif c == "1":
+                        bold = True
+                    elif c == "22":
+                        bold = False
+                    elif c == "39":
+                        fg = (204, 204, 204)
+                    elif c == "49":
+                        bg = (0, 0, 0)
+                    elif c.isdigit():
+                        color_idx = int(c)
+                        if color_idx in ANSI_COLORS_4BIT:
+                            fg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT[color_idx]
+                        elif 30 <= color_idx <= 37:
+                            fg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(color_idx - 30, fg)
+                        elif 40 <= color_idx <= 47:
+                            bg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(color_idx - 40, bg)
+                        elif 90 <= color_idx <= 97:
+                            fg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(color_idx - 90 + 8, fg)
+                        elif 100 <= color_idx <= 107:
+                            bg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(color_idx - 100 + 8, bg)
+                    elif c.startswith("38;5;"):
+                        idx = int(c.split(";")[-1])
+                        if idx < 256:
+                            if idx < 16:
+                                fg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(idx, fg)
+                            elif idx < 232:
+                                c_idx = idx - 16
+                                fg = (
+                                    (c_idx >> 4) * 51,
+                                    ((c_idx >> 2) & 7) * 51,
+                                    (c_idx & 3) * 85,
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                gray = (idx - 232) * 10 + 8
+                                fg = (gray, gray, gray)
+                    elif c.startswith("48;5;"):
+                        idx = int(c.split(";")[-1])
+                        if idx < 256:
+                            if idx < 16:
+                                bg = ANSI_COLORS_4BIT.get(idx, bg)
+                            elif idx < 232:
+                                c_idx = idx - 16
+                                bg = (
+                                    (c_idx >> 4) * 51,
+                                    ((c_idx >> 2) & 7) * 51,
+                                    (c_idx & 3) * 85,
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                gray = (idx - 232) * 10 + 8
+                                bg = (gray, gray, gray)
+            i += 1
+        else:
+            current_text += char
+            i += 1
+
+    if current_text:
+        tokens.append((current_text, fg, bg, bold))
+
+    return tokens if tokens else [("", fg, bg, bold)]
+
+
+def get_default_font_path() -> str | None:
+    """Get the path to a default monospace font."""
+    import os
+    import sys
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+    def search_dir(base_path: str) -> str | None:
+        if not os.path.exists(base_path):
+            return None
+        if os.path.isfile(base_path):
+            return base_path
+        for font_file in Path(base_path).rglob("*"):
+            if font_file.suffix.lower() in (".ttf", ".otf", ".ttc"):
+                name = font_file.stem.lower()
+                if "geist" in name and ("nerd" in name or "mono" in name):
+                    return str(font_file)
+                if "mono" in name or "courier" in name or "terminal" in name:
+                    return str(font_file)
+        return None
+
+    search_dirs = []
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        search_dirs.extend(
+            [
+                os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Fonts/"),
+                "/System/Library/Fonts/",
+            ]
+        )
+    elif sys.platform == "win32":
+        search_dirs.extend(
+            [
+                os.path.expanduser("~\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Fonts\\"),
+                "C:\\Windows\\Fonts\\",
+            ]
+        )
+    else:
+        search_dirs.extend(
+            [
+                os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share/fonts/"),
+                os.path.expanduser("~/.fonts/"),
+                "/usr/share/fonts/",
+            ]
+        )
+
+    for search_dir_path in search_dirs:
+        found = search_dir(search_dir_path)
+        if found:
+            return found
+
+    if sys.platform != "win32":
+        try:
+            import subprocess
+
+            for pattern in ["monospace", "DejaVuSansMono", "LiberationMono"]:
+                result = subprocess.run(
+                    ["fc-match", "-f", "%{file}", pattern],
+                    capture_output=True,
+                    text=True,
+                    timeout=5,
+                )
+                if result.returncode == 0 and result.stdout.strip():
+                    font_file = result.stdout.strip()
+                    if os.path.exists(font_file):
+                        return font_file
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    return None
+
+
+def render_to_pil(
+    buffer: list[str],
+    width: int,
+    height: int,
+    cell_width: int = 10,
+    cell_height: int = 18,
+    font_path: str | None = None,
+) -> Any:
+    """Render buffer to a PIL Image.
+
+    Args:
+        buffer: List of text lines to render
+        width: Terminal width in characters
+        height: Terminal height in rows
+        cell_width: Width of each character cell in pixels
+        cell_height: Height of each character cell in pixels
+        font_path: Path to TTF/OTF font file (optional)
+
+    Returns:
+        PIL Image object
+    """
+    from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+
+    img_width = width * cell_width
+    img_height = height * cell_height
+
+    img = Image.new("RGBA", (img_width, img_height), (0, 0, 0, 255))
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+
+    if font_path:
+        try:
+            font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, cell_height - 2)
+        except Exception:
+            font = ImageFont.load_default()
+    else:
+        font = ImageFont.load_default()
+
+    for row_idx, line in enumerate(buffer[:height]):
+        if row_idx >= height:
+            break
+
+        tokens = parse_ansi(line)
+        x_pos = 0
+        y_pos = row_idx * cell_height
+
+        for text, fg, bg, _bold in tokens:
+            if not text:
+                continue
+
+            if bg != (0, 0, 0):
+                bbox = draw.textbbox((x_pos, y_pos), text, font=font)
+                draw.rectangle(bbox, fill=(*bg, 255))
+
+            draw.text((x_pos, y_pos), text, fill=(*fg, 255), font=font)
+
+            if font:
+                x_pos += draw.textlength(text, font=font)
+
+    return img

engine/effects/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from engine.effects.chain import EffectChain
+from engine.effects.controller import handle_effects_command, show_effects_menu
+from engine.effects.legacy import (
+    fade_line,
+    firehose_line,
+    glitch_bar,
+    next_headline,
+    noise,
+    vis_offset,
+    vis_trunc,
+)
+from engine.effects.performance import PerformanceMonitor, get_monitor, set_monitor
+from engine.effects.registry import EffectRegistry, get_registry, set_registry
+from engine.effects.types import (
+    EffectConfig,
+    EffectContext,
+    PipelineConfig,
+    create_effect_context,
+)
+
+
+def get_effect_chain():
+    from engine.layers import get_effect_chain as _chain
+
+    return _chain()
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "EffectChain",
+    "EffectRegistry",
+    "EffectConfig",
+    "EffectContext",
+    "PipelineConfig",
+    "create_effect_context",
+    "get_registry",
+    "set_registry",
+    "get_effect_chain",
+    "get_monitor",
+    "set_monitor",
+    "PerformanceMonitor",
+    "handle_effects_command",
+    "show_effects_menu",
+    "fade_line",
+    "firehose_line",
+    "glitch_bar",
+    "noise",
+    "next_headline",
+    "vis_trunc",
+    "vis_offset",
+]

engine/effects/chain.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import time
+
+from engine.effects.performance import PerformanceMonitor, get_monitor
+from engine.effects.registry import EffectRegistry
+from engine.effects.types import EffectContext
+
+
+class EffectChain:
+    def __init__(
+        self, registry: EffectRegistry, monitor: PerformanceMonitor | None = None
+    ):
+        self._registry = registry
+        self._order: list[str] = []
+        self._monitor = monitor
+
+    def _get_monitor(self) -> PerformanceMonitor:
+        if self._monitor is not None:
+            return self._monitor
+        return get_monitor()
+
+    def set_order(self, names: list[str]) -> None:
+        self._order = list(names)
+
+    def get_order(self) -> list[str]:
+        return self._order.copy()
+
+    def add_effect(self, name: str, position: int | None = None) -> bool:
+        if name not in self._registry.list_all():
+            return False
+        if position is None:
+            self._order.append(name)
+        else:
+            self._order.insert(position, name)
+        return True
+
+    def remove_effect(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        if name in self._order:
+            self._order.remove(name)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def reorder(self, new_order: list[str]) -> bool:
+        all_plugins = set(self._registry.list_all().keys())
+        if not all(name in all_plugins for name in new_order):
+            return False
+        self._order = list(new_order)
+        return True
+
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        monitor = self._get_monitor()
+        frame_number = ctx.frame_number
+        monitor.start_frame(frame_number)
+
+        frame_start = time.perf_counter()
+        result = list(buf)
+        for name in self._order:
+            plugin = self._registry.get(name)
+            if plugin and plugin.config.enabled:
+                chars_in = sum(len(line) for line in result)
+                effect_start = time.perf_counter()
+                try:
+                    result = plugin.process(result, ctx)
+                except Exception:
+                    plugin.config.enabled = False
+                elapsed = time.perf_counter() - effect_start
+                chars_out = sum(len(line) for line in result)
+                monitor.record_effect(name, elapsed * 1000, chars_in, chars_out)
+
+        total_elapsed = time.perf_counter() - frame_start
+        monitor.end_frame(frame_number, total_elapsed * 1000)
+        return result

engine/effects/controller.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from engine.effects.performance import get_monitor
+from engine.effects.registry import get_registry
+
+_effect_chain_ref = None
+
+
+def _get_effect_chain():
+    global _effect_chain_ref
+    if _effect_chain_ref is not None:
+        return _effect_chain_ref
+    try:
+        from engine.layers import get_effect_chain as _chain
+
+        return _chain()
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def set_effect_chain_ref(chain) -> None:
+    global _effect_chain_ref
+    _effect_chain_ref = chain
+
+
+def handle_effects_command(cmd: str) -> str:
+    """Handle /effects command from NTFY message.
+
+    Commands:
+        /effects list - list all effects and their status
+        /effects <name> on - enable an effect
+        /effects <name> off - disable an effect
+        /effects <name> intensity <0.0-1.0> - set intensity
+        /effects reorder <name1>,<name2>,... - reorder pipeline
+        /effects stats - show performance statistics
+    """
+    parts = cmd.strip().split()
+    if not parts or parts[0] != "/effects":
+        return "Unknown command"
+
+    registry = get_registry()
+    chain = _get_effect_chain()
+
+    if len(parts) == 1 or parts[1] == "list":
+        result = ["Effects:"]
+        for name, plugin in registry.list_all().items():
+            status = "ON" if plugin.config.enabled else "OFF"
+            intensity = plugin.config.intensity
+            result.append(f"  {name}: {status} (intensity={intensity})")
+        if chain:
+            result.append(f"Order: {chain.get_order()}")
+        return "\n".join(result)
+
+    if parts[1] == "stats":
+        return _format_stats()
+
+    if parts[1] == "reorder" and len(parts) >= 3:
+        new_order = parts[2].split(",")
+        if chain and chain.reorder(new_order):
+            return f"Reordered pipeline: {new_order}"
+        return "Failed to reorder pipeline"
+
+    if len(parts) < 3:
+        return "Usage: /effects <name> on|off|intensity <value>"
+
+    effect_name = parts[1]
+    action = parts[2]
+
+    if effect_name not in registry.list_all():
+        return f"Unknown effect: {effect_name}"
+
+    if action == "on":
+        registry.enable(effect_name)
+        return f"Enabled: {effect_name}"
+
+    if action == "off":
+        registry.disable(effect_name)
+        return f"Disabled: {effect_name}"
+
+    if action == "intensity" and len(parts) >= 4:
+        try:
+            value = float(parts[3])
+            if not 0.0 <= value <= 1.0:
+                return "Intensity must be between 0.0 and 1.0"
+            plugin = registry.get(effect_name)
+            if plugin:
+                plugin.config.intensity = value
+                return f"Set {effect_name} intensity to {value}"
+        except ValueError:
+            return "Invalid intensity value"
+
+    return f"Unknown action: {action}"
+
+
+def _format_stats() -> str:
+    monitor = get_monitor()
+    stats = monitor.get_stats()
+
+    if "error" in stats:
+        return stats["error"]
+
+    lines = ["Performance Stats:"]
+
+    pipeline = stats["pipeline"]
+    lines.append(
+        f"  Pipeline: avg={pipeline['avg_ms']:.2f}ms min={pipeline['min_ms']:.2f}ms max={pipeline['max_ms']:.2f}ms (over {stats['frame_count']} frames)"
+    )
+
+    if stats["effects"]:
+        lines.append("  Per-effect (avg ms):")
+        for name, effect_stats in stats["effects"].items():
+            lines.append(
+                f"    {name}: avg={effect_stats['avg_ms']:.2f}ms min={effect_stats['min_ms']:.2f}ms max={effect_stats['max_ms']:.2f}ms"
+            )
+
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def show_effects_menu() -> str:
+    """Generate effects menu text for display."""
+    registry = get_registry()
+    chain = _get_effect_chain()
+
+    lines = [
+        "\033[1;38;5;231m=== EFFECTS MENU ===\033[0m",
+        "",
+        "Effects:",
+    ]
+
+    for name, plugin in registry.list_all().items():
+        status = "ON" if plugin.config.enabled else "OFF"
+        intensity = plugin.config.intensity
+        lines.append(f"  [{status:3}] {name}: intensity={intensity:.2f}")
+
+    if chain:
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append(f"Pipeline order: {' -> '.join(chain.get_order())}")
+
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("Controls:")
+    lines.append("  /effects <name> on|off")
+    lines.append("  /effects <name> intensity <0.0-1.0>")
+    lines.append("  /effects reorder name1,name2,...")
+    lines.append("")
+
+    return "\n".join(lines)

engine/effects/legacy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""
+Visual effects: noise, glitch, fade, ANSI-aware truncation, firehose, headline pool.
+Depends on: config, terminal, sources.
+
+These are low-level functional implementations of visual effects. They are used
+internally by the EffectPlugin system (effects_plugins/*.py) and also directly
+by layers.py and scroll.py for rendering.
+
+The plugin system provides a higher-level OOP interface with configuration
+support, while these legacy functions provide direct functional access.
+Both systems coexist - there are no current plans to deprecate the legacy functions.
+"""
+
+import random
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.sources import FEEDS, POETRY_SOURCES
+from engine.terminal import C_DIM, DIM, G_DIM, G_LO, RST, W_GHOST
+
+
+def noise(w):
+    d = random.choice([0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.12])
+    return "".join(
+        f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
+        f"{random.choice(config.GLITCH + config.KATA)}{RST}"
+        if random.random() < d
+        else " "
+        for _ in range(w)
+    )
+
+
+def glitch_bar(w):
+    c = random.choice(["░", "▒", "─", "╌"])
+    n = random.randint(3, w // 2)
+    o = random.randint(0, w - n)
+    return " " * o + f"{G_LO}{DIM}" + c * n + RST
+
+
+def fade_line(s, fade):
+    """Dissolve a rendered line by probabilistically dropping characters."""
+    if fade >= 1.0:
+        return s
+    if fade <= 0.0:
+        return ""
+    result = []
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(s):
+        if s[i] == "\033" and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == "[":
+            j = i + 2
+            while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
+                j += 1
+            result.append(s[i : j + 1])
+            i = j + 1
+        elif s[i] == " ":
+            result.append(" ")
+            i += 1
+        else:
+            result.append(s[i] if random.random() < fade else " ")
+            i += 1
+    return "".join(result)
+
+
+def vis_trunc(s, w):
+    """Truncate string to visual width w, skipping ANSI escape codes."""
+    result = []
+    vw = 0
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(s):
+        if vw >= w:
+            break
+        if s[i] == "\033" and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == "[":
+            j = i + 2
+            while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
+                j += 1
+            result.append(s[i : j + 1])
+            i = j + 1
+        else:
+            result.append(s[i])
+            vw += 1
+            i += 1
+    return "".join(result)
+
+
+def vis_offset(s, offset):
+    """Offset string by skipping first offset visual characters, skipping ANSI escape codes."""
+    if offset <= 0:
+        return s
+    result = []
+    vw = 0
+    i = 0
+    skipping = True
+    while i < len(s):
+        if s[i] == "\033" and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == "[":
+            j = i + 2
+            while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
+                j += 1
+            if skipping:
+                i = j + 1
+                continue
+            result.append(s[i : j + 1])
+            i = j + 1
+        else:
+            if skipping:
+                if vw >= offset:
+                    skipping = False
+                    result.append(s[i])
+                vw += 1
+                i += 1
+            else:
+                result.append(s[i])
+                i += 1
+    return "".join(result)
+
+
+def next_headline(pool, items, seen):
+    """Pull the next unique headline from pool, refilling as needed."""
+    while True:
+        if not pool:
+            pool.extend(items)
+            random.shuffle(pool)
+            seen.clear()
+        title, src, ts = pool.pop()
+        sig = title.lower().strip()
+        if sig not in seen:
+            seen.add(sig)
+            return title, src, ts
+
+
+def firehose_line(items, w):
+    """Generate one line of rapidly cycling firehose content."""
+    r = random.random()
+    if r < 0.35:
+        # Raw headline text
+        title, src, ts = random.choice(items)
+        text = title[: w - 1]
+        color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST, C_DIM])
+        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
+    elif r < 0.55:
+        # Dense glitch noise
+        d = random.choice([0.45, 0.55, 0.65, 0.75])
+        return "".join(
+            f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
+            f"{random.choice(config.GLITCH + config.KATA)}{RST}"
+            if random.random() < d
+            else " "
+            for _ in range(w)
+        )
+    elif r < 0.78:
+        # Status / program output
+        sources = FEEDS if config.MODE == "news" else POETRY_SOURCES
+        src = random.choice(list(sources.keys()))
+        msgs = [
+            f"  SIGNAL :: {src} :: {datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]}",
+            f"  ░░ FEED ACTIVE :: {src}",
+            f"  >> DECODE 0x{random.randint(0x1000, 0xFFFF):04X} :: {src[:24]}",
+            f"  ▒▒ ACQUIRE :: {random.choice(['TCP', 'UDP', 'RSS', 'ATOM', 'XML'])} :: {src}",
+            f"  {''.join(random.choice(config.KATA) for _ in range(3))} STRM "
+            f"{random.randint(0, 255):02X}:{random.randint(0, 255):02X}",
+        ]
+        text = random.choice(msgs)[: w - 1]
+        color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST])
+        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
+    else:
+        # Headline fragment with glitch prefix
+        title, _, _ = random.choice(items)
+        start = random.randint(0, max(0, len(title) - 20))
+        frag = title[start : start + random.randint(10, 35)]
+        pad = random.randint(0, max(0, w - len(frag) - 8))
+        gp = "".join(random.choice(config.GLITCH) for _ in range(random.randint(1, 3)))
+        text = (" " * pad + gp + " " + frag)[: w - 1]
+        color = random.choice([G_LO, C_DIM, W_GHOST])
+        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"

engine/effects/performance.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EffectTiming:
+    name: str
+    duration_ms: float
+    buffer_chars_in: int
+    buffer_chars_out: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FrameTiming:
+    frame_number: int
+    total_ms: float
+    effects: list[EffectTiming]
+
+
+class PerformanceMonitor:
+    """Collects and stores performance metrics for effect pipeline."""
+
+    def __init__(self, max_frames: int = 60):
+        self._max_frames = max_frames
+        self._frames: deque[FrameTiming] = deque(maxlen=max_frames)
+        self._current_frame: list[EffectTiming] = []
+
+    def start_frame(self, frame_number: int) -> None:
+        self._current_frame = []
+
+    def record_effect(
+        self, name: str, duration_ms: float, chars_in: int, chars_out: int
+    ) -> None:
+        self._current_frame.append(
+            EffectTiming(
+                name=name,
+                duration_ms=duration_ms,
+                buffer_chars_in=chars_in,
+                buffer_chars_out=chars_out,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def end_frame(self, frame_number: int, total_ms: float) -> None:
+        self._frames.append(
+            FrameTiming(
+                frame_number=frame_number,
+                total_ms=total_ms,
+                effects=self._current_frame,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def get_stats(self) -> dict:
+        if not self._frames:
+            return {"error": "No timing data available"}
+
+        total_times = [f.total_ms for f in self._frames]
+        avg_total = sum(total_times) / len(total_times)
+        min_total = min(total_times)
+        max_total = max(total_times)
+
+        effect_stats: dict[str, dict] = {}
+        for frame in self._frames:
+            for effect in frame.effects:
+                if effect.name not in effect_stats:
+                    effect_stats[effect.name] = {"times": [], "total_chars": 0}
+                effect_stats[effect.name]["times"].append(effect.duration_ms)
+                effect_stats[effect.name]["total_chars"] += effect.buffer_chars_out
+
+        for name, stats in effect_stats.items():
+            times = stats["times"]
+            stats["avg_ms"] = sum(times) / len(times)
+            stats["min_ms"] = min(times)
+            stats["max_ms"] = max(times)
+            del stats["times"]
+
+        return {
+            "frame_count": len(self._frames),
+            "pipeline": {
+                "avg_ms": avg_total,
+                "min_ms": min_total,
+                "max_ms": max_total,
+            },
+            "effects": effect_stats,
+        }
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self._frames.clear()
+        self._current_frame = []
+
+
+_monitor: PerformanceMonitor | None = None
+
+
+def get_monitor() -> PerformanceMonitor:
+    global _monitor
+    if _monitor is None:
+        _monitor = PerformanceMonitor()
+    return _monitor
+
+
+def set_monitor(monitor: PerformanceMonitor) -> None:
+    global _monitor
+    _monitor = monitor

engine/effects/registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+from engine.effects.types import EffectConfig, EffectPlugin
+
+
+class EffectRegistry:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._plugins: dict[str, EffectPlugin] = {}
+        self._discovered: bool = False
+
+    def register(self, plugin: EffectPlugin) -> None:
+        self._plugins[plugin.name] = plugin
+
+    def get(self, name: str) -> EffectPlugin | None:
+        return self._plugins.get(name)
+
+    def list_all(self) -> dict[str, EffectPlugin]:
+        return self._plugins.copy()
+
+    def list_enabled(self) -> list[EffectPlugin]:
+        return [p for p in self._plugins.values() if p.config.enabled]
+
+    def enable(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        plugin = self._plugins.get(name)
+        if plugin:
+            plugin.config.enabled = True
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def disable(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        plugin = self._plugins.get(name)
+        if plugin:
+            plugin.config.enabled = False
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def configure(self, name: str, config: EffectConfig) -> bool:
+        plugin = self._plugins.get(name)
+        if plugin:
+            plugin.configure(config)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def is_enabled(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        plugin = self._plugins.get(name)
+        return plugin.config.enabled if plugin else False
+
+
+_registry: EffectRegistry | None = None
+
+
+def get_registry() -> EffectRegistry:
+    global _registry
+    if _registry is None:
+        _registry = EffectRegistry()
+    return _registry
+
+
+def set_registry(registry: EffectRegistry) -> None:
+    global _registry
+    _registry = registry

engine/effects/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""
+Visual effects type definitions and base classes.
+
+EffectPlugin Architecture:
+- Uses ABC (Abstract Base Class) for interface enforcement
+- Runtime discovery via directory scanning (effects_plugins/)
+- Configuration via EffectConfig dataclass
+- Context passed through EffectContext dataclass
+
+Plugin System Research (see AGENTS.md for references):
+- VST: Standardized audio interfaces, chaining, presets (FXP/FXB)
+- Python Entry Points: Namespace packages, importlib.metadata discovery
+- Shadertoy: Shader-based with uniforms as context
+
+Current gaps vs industry patterns:
+- No preset save/load system
+- No external plugin distribution via entry points
+- No plugin metadata (version, author, description)
+"""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EffectContext:
+    terminal_width: int
+    terminal_height: int
+    scroll_cam: int
+    ticker_height: int
+    camera_x: int = 0
+    mic_excess: float = 0.0
+    grad_offset: float = 0.0
+    frame_number: int = 0
+    has_message: bool = False
+    items: list = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EffectConfig:
+    enabled: bool = True
+    intensity: float = 1.0
+    params: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class EffectPlugin(ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for effect plugins.
+
+    Subclasses must define:
+    - name: str - unique identifier for the effect
+    - config: EffectConfig - current configuration
+
+    And implement:
+    - process(buf, ctx) -> list[str]
+    - configure(config) -> None
+
+    Effect Behavior with ticker_height=0:
+    - NoiseEffect: Returns buffer unchanged (no ticker to apply noise to)
+    - FadeEffect: Returns buffer unchanged (no ticker to fade)
+    - GlitchEffect: Processes normally (doesn't depend on ticker_height)
+    - FirehoseEffect: Returns buffer unchanged if no items in context
+
+    Effects should handle missing or zero context values gracefully by
+    returning the input buffer unchanged rather than raising errors.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    config: EffectConfig
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def process(self, buf: list[str], ctx: EffectContext) -> list[str]:
+        """Process the buffer with this effect applied.
+
+        Args:
+            buf: List of lines to process
+            ctx: Effect context with terminal state
+
+        Returns:
+            Processed buffer (may be same object or new list)
+        """
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def configure(self, config: EffectConfig) -> None:
+        """Configure the effect with new settings.
+
+        Args:
+            config: New configuration to apply
+        """
+        ...
+
+
+def create_effect_context(
+    terminal_width: int = 80,
+    terminal_height: int = 24,
+    scroll_cam: int = 0,
+    ticker_height: int = 0,
+    mic_excess: float = 0.0,
+    grad_offset: float = 0.0,
+    frame_number: int = 0,
+    has_message: bool = False,
+    items: list | None = None,
+) -> EffectContext:
+    """Factory function to create EffectContext with sensible defaults."""
+    return EffectContext(
+        terminal_width=terminal_width,
+        terminal_height=terminal_height,
+        scroll_cam=scroll_cam,
+        ticker_height=ticker_height,
+        mic_excess=mic_excess,
+        grad_offset=grad_offset,
+        frame_number=frame_number,
+        has_message=has_message,
+        items=items or [],
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineConfig:
+    order: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    effects: dict[str, EffectConfig] = field(default_factory=dict)

engine/emitters.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+Event emitter protocols - abstract interfaces for event-producing components.
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any, Protocol
+
+
+class EventEmitter(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for components that emit events."""
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback: Callable[[Any], None]) -> None: ...
+    def unsubscribe(self, callback: Callable[[Any], None]) -> None: ...
+
+
+class Startable(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for components that can be started."""
+
+    def start(self) -> Any: ...
+
+
+class Stoppable(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for components that can be stopped."""
+
+    def stop(self) -> None: ...

engine/eventbus.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+"""
+Event bus - pub/sub messaging for decoupled component communication.
+"""
+
+import threading
+from collections import defaultdict
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
+
+from engine.events import EventType
+
+
+class EventBus:
+    """Thread-safe event bus for publish-subscribe messaging."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._subscribers: dict[EventType, list[Callable[[Any], None]]] = defaultdict(
+            list
+        )
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def subscribe(self, event_type: EventType, callback: Callable[[Any], None]) -> None:
+        """Register a callback for a specific event type."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._subscribers[event_type].append(callback)
+
+    def unsubscribe(
+        self, event_type: EventType, callback: Callable[[Any], None]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Remove a callback for a specific event type."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if callback in self._subscribers[event_type]:
+                self._subscribers[event_type].remove(callback)
+
+    def publish(self, event_type: EventType, event: Any = None) -> None:
+        """Publish an event to all subscribers."""
+        with self._lock:
+            callbacks = list(self._subscribers.get(event_type, []))
+        for callback in callbacks:
+            try:
+                callback(event)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Remove all subscribers."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._subscribers.clear()
+
+    def subscriber_count(self, event_type: EventType | None = None) -> int:
+        """Get subscriber count for an event type, or total if None."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if event_type is None:
+                return sum(len(cb) for cb in self._subscribers.values())
+            return len(self._subscribers.get(event_type, []))
+
+
+_event_bus: EventBus | None = None
+
+
+def get_event_bus() -> EventBus:
+    """Get the global event bus instance."""
+    global _event_bus
+    if _event_bus is None:
+        _event_bus = EventBus()
+    return _event_bus
+
+
+def set_event_bus(bus: EventBus) -> None:
+    """Set the global event bus instance (for testing)."""
+    global _event_bus
+    _event_bus = bus

engine/events.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""
+Event types for the mainline application.
+Defines the core events that flow through the system.
+These types support a future migration to an event-driven architecture.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import Enum, auto
+
+
+class EventType(Enum):
+    """Core event types in the mainline application."""
+
+    NEW_HEADLINE = auto()
+    FRAME_TICK = auto()
+    MIC_LEVEL = auto()
+    NTFY_MESSAGE = auto()
+    STREAM_START = auto()
+    STREAM_END = auto()
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HeadlineEvent:
+    """Event emitted when a new headline is ready for display."""
+
+    title: str
+    source: str
+    timestamp: str
+    language: str | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FrameTickEvent:
+    """Event emitted on each render frame."""
+
+    frame_number: int
+    timestamp: datetime
+    delta_seconds: float
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MicLevelEvent:
+    """Event emitted when microphone level changes significantly."""
+
+    db_level: float
+    excess_above_threshold: float
+    timestamp: datetime
+
+
+@dataclass
+class NtfyMessageEvent:
+    """Event emitted when an ntfy message is received."""
+
+    title: str
+    body: str
+    message_id: str | None = None
+    timestamp: datetime | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StreamEvent:
+    """Event emitted when stream starts or ends."""
+
+    event_type: EventType
+    headline_count: int = 0
+    timestamp: datetime | None = None

engine/fetch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+"""
+RSS feed fetching, Project Gutenberg parsing, and headline caching.
+Depends on: config, sources, filter, terminal.
+"""
+
+import json
+import pathlib
+import re
+import urllib.request
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+import feedparser
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.filter import skip, strip_tags
+from engine.sources import FEEDS, POETRY_SOURCES
+from engine.terminal import boot_ln
+
+# Type alias for headline items
+HeadlineTuple = tuple[str, str, str]
+
+
+# ─── SINGLE FEED ──────────────────────────────────────────
+def fetch_feed(url: str) -> Any | None:
+    """Fetch and parse a single RSS feed URL."""
+    try:
+        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
+        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=config.FEED_TIMEOUT)
+        return feedparser.parse(resp.read())
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+# ─── ALL RSS FEEDS ────────────────────────────────────────
+def fetch_all() -> tuple[list[HeadlineTuple], int, int]:
+    """Fetch all RSS feeds and return items, linked count, failed count."""
+    items: list[HeadlineTuple] = []
+    linked = failed = 0
+    for src, url in FEEDS.items():
+        feed = fetch_feed(url)
+        if feed is None or (feed.bozo and not feed.entries):
+            boot_ln(src, "DARK", False)
+            failed += 1
+            continue
+        n = 0
+        for e in feed.entries:
+            t = strip_tags(e.get("title", ""))
+            if not t or skip(t):
+                continue
+            pub = e.get("published_parsed") or e.get("updated_parsed")
+            try:
+                ts = datetime(*pub[:6]).strftime("%H:%M") if pub else "——:——"
+            except Exception:
+                ts = "——:——"
+            items.append((t, src, ts))
+            n += 1
+        if n:
+            boot_ln(src, f"LINKED [{n}]", True)
+            linked += 1
+        else:
+            boot_ln(src, "EMPTY", False)
+            failed += 1
+    return items, linked, failed
+
+
+# ─── PROJECT GUTENBERG ────────────────────────────────────
+def _fetch_gutenberg(url: str, label: str) -> list[HeadlineTuple]:
+    """Download and parse stanzas/passages from a Project Gutenberg text."""
+    try:
+        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
+        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=15)
+        text = (
+            resp.read()
+            .decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+            .replace("\r\n", "\n")
+            .replace("\r", "\n")
+        )
+        # Strip PG boilerplate
+        m = re.search(r"\*\*\*\s*START OF[^\n]*\n", text)
+        if m:
+            text = text[m.end() :]
+        m = re.search(r"\*\*\*\s*END OF", text)
+        if m:
+            text = text[: m.start()]
+        # Split on blank lines into stanzas/passages
+        blocks = re.split(r"\n{2,}", text.strip())
+        items = []
+        for blk in blocks:
+            blk = " ".join(blk.split())  # flatten to one line
+            if len(blk) < 20 or len(blk) > 280:
+                continue
+            if blk.isupper():  # skip all-caps headers
+                continue
+            if re.match(r"^[IVXLCDM]+\.?\s*$", blk):  # roman numerals
+                continue
+            items.append((blk, label, ""))
+        return items
+    except Exception:
+        return []
+
+
+def fetch_poetry():
+    """Fetch all poetry/literature sources."""
+    items = []
+    linked = failed = 0
+    for label, url in POETRY_SOURCES.items():
+        stanzas = _fetch_gutenberg(url, label)
+        if stanzas:
+            boot_ln(label, f"LOADED [{len(stanzas)}]", True)
+            items.extend(stanzas)
+            linked += 1
+        else:
+            boot_ln(label, "DARK", False)
+            failed += 1
+    return items, linked, failed
+
+
+# ─── CACHE ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+_CACHE_DIR = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+def _cache_path():
+    return _CACHE_DIR / f".mainline_cache_{config.MODE}.json"
+
+
+def load_cache():
+    """Load cached items from disk if available."""
+    p = _cache_path()
+    if not p.exists():
+        return None
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(p.read_text())
+        items = [tuple(i) for i in data["items"]]
+        return items if items else None
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def save_cache(items):
+    """Save fetched items to disk for fast subsequent runs."""
+    try:
+        _cache_path().write_text(json.dumps({"items": items}))
+    except Exception:
+        pass

engine/filter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""
+HTML stripping and content filter (sports, vapid, insipid).
+No internal dependencies.
+"""
+
+import re
+from html import unescape
+from html.parser import HTMLParser
+
+
+# ─── HTML STRIPPING ───────────────────────────────────────
+class _Strip(HTMLParser):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._t = []
+
+    def handle_data(self, d):
+        self._t.append(d)
+
+    def text(self):
+        return "".join(self._t).strip()
+
+
+def strip_tags(html):
+    s = _Strip()
+    s.feed(unescape(html or ""))
+    return s.text()
+
+
+# ─── CONTENT FILTER ───────────────────────────────────────
+_SKIP_RE = re.compile(
+    r"\b(?:"
+    # ── sports ──
+    r"football|soccer|basketball|baseball|softball|tennis|golf|cricket|rugby|"
+    r"hockey|lacrosse|volleyball|badminton|"
+    r"nba|nfl|nhl|mlb|mls|fifa|uefa|"
+    r"premier league|champions league|la liga|serie a|bundesliga|"
+    r"world cup|super bowl|world series|stanley cup|"
+    r"playoff|playoffs|touchdown|goalkeeper|striker|quarterback|"
+    r"slam dunk|home run|grand slam|offside|halftime|"
+    r"batting|wicket|innings|"
+    r"formula 1|nascar|motogp|"
+    r"boxing|ufc|mma|"
+    r"marathon|tour de france|"
+    r"transfer window|draft pick|relegation|"
+    # ── vapid / insipid ──
+    r"kardashian|jenner|reality tv|reality show|"
+    r"influencer|viral video|tiktok|instagram|"
+    r"best dressed|worst dressed|red carpet|"
+    r"horoscope|zodiac|gossip|bikini|selfie|"
+    r"you won.t believe|what happened next|"
+    r"celebrity couple|celebrity feud|baby bump"
+    r")\b",
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+
+def skip(title):
+    """Return True if headline is sports, vapid, or insipid."""
+    return bool(_SKIP_RE.search(title))

engine/frame.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""
+Frame timing utilities — FPS control and precise timing.
+"""
+
+import time
+
+
+class FrameTimer:
+    """Frame timer for consistent render loop timing."""
+
+    def __init__(self, target_frame_dt: float = 0.05):
+        self.target_frame_dt = target_frame_dt
+        self._frame_count = 0
+        self._start_time = time.monotonic()
+        self._last_frame_time = self._start_time
+
+    @property
+    def fps(self) -> float:
+        """Current FPS based on elapsed frames."""
+        elapsed = time.monotonic() - self._start_time
+        if elapsed > 0:
+            return self._frame_count / elapsed
+        return 0.0
+
+    def sleep_until_next_frame(self) -> float:
+        """Sleep to maintain target frame rate. Returns actual elapsed time."""
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        elapsed = now - self._last_frame_time
+        self._last_frame_time = now
+        self._frame_count += 1
+
+        sleep_time = max(0, self.target_frame_dt - elapsed)
+        if sleep_time > 0:
+            time.sleep(sleep_time)
+        return elapsed
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """Reset frame counter and start time."""
+        self._frame_count = 0
+        self._start_time = time.monotonic()
+        self._last_frame_time = self._start_time
+
+
+def calculate_scroll_step(
+    scroll_dur: float, view_height: int, padding: int = 15
+) -> float:
+    """Calculate scroll step interval for smooth scrolling.
+
+    Args:
+        scroll_dur: Duration in seconds for one headline to scroll through view
+        view_height: Terminal height in rows
+        padding: Extra rows for off-screen content
+
+    Returns:
+        Time in seconds between scroll steps
+    """
+    return scroll_dur / (view_height + padding) * 2

engine/layers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+"""
+Layer compositing — message overlay, ticker zone, firehose, noise.
+Depends on: config, render, effects.
+"""
+
+import random
+import re
+import time
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.effects import (
+    EffectChain,
+    EffectContext,
+    fade_line,
+    firehose_line,
+    glitch_bar,
+    noise,
+    vis_offset,
+    vis_trunc,
+)
+from engine.render import big_wrap, lr_gradient, lr_gradient_opposite
+from engine.terminal import RST, W_COOL
+
+MSG_META = "\033[38;5;245m"
+MSG_BORDER = "\033[2;38;5;37m"
+
+
+def render_message_overlay(
+    msg: tuple[str, str, float] | None,
+    w: int,
+    h: int,
+    msg_cache: tuple,
+) -> tuple[list[str], tuple]:
+    """Render ntfy message overlay.
+
+    Args:
+        msg: (title, body, timestamp) or None
+        w: terminal width
+        h: terminal height
+        msg_cache: (cache_key, rendered_rows) for caching
+
+    Returns:
+        (list of ANSI strings, updated cache)
+    """
+    overlay = []
+    if msg is None:
+        return overlay, msg_cache
+
+    m_title, m_body, m_ts = msg
+    display_text = m_body or m_title or "(empty)"
+    display_text = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", display_text.upper())
+
+    cache_key = (display_text, w)
+    if msg_cache[0] != cache_key:
+        msg_rows = big_wrap(display_text, w - 4)
+        msg_cache = (cache_key, msg_rows)
+    else:
+        msg_rows = msg_cache[1]
+
+    msg_rows = lr_gradient_opposite(
+        msg_rows, (time.monotonic() * config.GRAD_SPEED) % 1.0
+    )
+
+    elapsed_s = int(time.monotonic() - m_ts)
+    remaining = max(0, config.MESSAGE_DISPLAY_SECS - elapsed_s)
+    ts_str = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
+    panel_h = len(msg_rows) + 2
+    panel_top = max(0, (h - panel_h) // 2)
+
+    row_idx = 0
+    for mr in msg_rows:
+        ln = vis_trunc(mr, w)
+        overlay.append(f"\033[{panel_top + row_idx + 1};1H  {ln}\033[0m\033[K")
+        row_idx += 1
+
+    meta_parts = []
+    if m_title and m_title != m_body:
+        meta_parts.append(m_title)
+    meta_parts.append(f"ntfy \u00b7 {ts_str} \u00b7 {remaining}s")
+    meta = (
+        "  " + " \u00b7 ".join(meta_parts)
+        if len(meta_parts) > 1
+        else "  " + meta_parts[0]
+    )
+    overlay.append(f"\033[{panel_top + row_idx + 1};1H{MSG_META}{meta}\033[0m\033[K")
+    row_idx += 1
+
+    bar = "\u2500" * (w - 4)
+    overlay.append(f"\033[{panel_top + row_idx + 1};1H  {MSG_BORDER}{bar}\033[0m\033[K")
+
+    return overlay, msg_cache
+
+
+def render_ticker_zone(
+    active: list,
+    scroll_cam: int,
+    camera_x: int = 0,
+    ticker_h: int = 0,
+    w: int = 80,
+    noise_cache: dict | None = None,
+    grad_offset: float = 0.0,
+) -> tuple[list[str], dict]:
+    """Render the ticker scroll zone.
+
+    Args:
+        active: list of (content_rows, color, canvas_y, meta_idx)
+        scroll_cam: camera position (viewport top)
+        camera_x: horizontal camera offset
+        ticker_h: height of ticker zone
+        w: terminal width
+        noise_cache: dict of cy -> noise string
+        grad_offset: gradient animation offset
+
+    Returns:
+        (list of ANSI strings, updated noise_cache)
+    """
+    if noise_cache is None:
+        noise_cache = {}
+    buf = []
+    top_zone = max(1, int(ticker_h * 0.25))
+    bot_zone = max(1, int(ticker_h * 0.10))
+
+    def noise_at(cy):
+        if cy not in noise_cache:
+            noise_cache[cy] = noise(w) if random.random() < 0.15 else None
+        return noise_cache[cy]
+
+    for r in range(ticker_h):
+        scr_row = r + 1
+        cy = scroll_cam + r
+        top_f = min(1.0, r / top_zone) if top_zone > 0 else 1.0
+        bot_f = min(1.0, (ticker_h - 1 - r) / bot_zone) if bot_zone > 0 else 1.0
+        row_fade = min(top_f, bot_f)
+        drawn = False
+
+        for content, hc, by, midx in active:
+            cr = cy - by
+            if 0 <= cr < len(content):
+                raw = content[cr]
+                if cr != midx:
+                    colored = lr_gradient([raw], grad_offset)[0]
+                else:
+                    colored = raw
+                ln = vis_trunc(vis_offset(colored, camera_x), w)
+                if row_fade < 1.0:
+                    ln = fade_line(ln, row_fade)
+
+                if cr == midx:
+                    buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H{W_COOL}{ln}{RST}\033[K")
+                elif ln.strip():
+                    buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H{ln}{RST}\033[K")
+                else:
+                    buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H\033[K")
+                drawn = True
+                break
+
+        if not drawn:
+            n = noise_at(cy)
+            if row_fade < 1.0 and n:
+                n = fade_line(n, row_fade)
+            if n:
+                buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H{n}")
+            else:
+                buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H\033[K")
+
+    return buf, noise_cache
+
+
+def apply_glitch(
+    buf: list[str],
+    ticker_buf_start: int,
+    mic_excess: float,
+    w: int,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Apply glitch effect to ticker buffer.
+
+    Args:
+        buf: current buffer
+        ticker_buf_start: index where ticker starts in buffer
+        mic_excess: mic level above threshold
+        w: terminal width
+
+    Returns:
+        Updated buffer with glitches applied
+    """
+    glitch_prob = 0.32 + min(0.9, mic_excess * 0.16)
+    n_hits = 4 + int(mic_excess / 2)
+    ticker_buf_len = len(buf) - ticker_buf_start
+
+    if random.random() < glitch_prob and ticker_buf_len > 0:
+        for _ in range(min(n_hits, ticker_buf_len)):
+            gi = random.randint(0, ticker_buf_len - 1)
+            scr_row = gi + 1
+            buf[ticker_buf_start + gi] = f"\033[{scr_row};1H{glitch_bar(w)}"
+
+    return buf
+
+
+def render_firehose(items: list, w: int, fh: int, h: int) -> list[str]:
+    """Render firehose strip at bottom of screen."""
+    buf = []
+    if fh > 0:
+        for fr in range(fh):
+            scr_row = h - fh + fr + 1
+            fline = firehose_line(items, w)
+            buf.append(f"\033[{scr_row};1H{fline}\033[K")
+    return buf
+
+
+_effect_chain = None
+
+
+def init_effects() -> None:
+    """Initialize effect plugins and chain."""
+    global _effect_chain
+    from engine.effects import EffectChain, get_registry
+
+    registry = get_registry()
+
+    import effects_plugins
+
+    effects_plugins.discover_plugins()
+
+    chain = EffectChain(registry)
+    chain.set_order(["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose"])
+    _effect_chain = chain
+
+
+def process_effects(
+    buf: list[str],
+    w: int,
+    h: int,
+    scroll_cam: int,
+    ticker_h: int,
+    camera_x: int = 0,
+    mic_excess: float = 0.0,
+    grad_offset: float = 0.0,
+    frame_number: int = 0,
+    has_message: bool = False,
+    items: list | None = None,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Process buffer through effect chain."""
+    if _effect_chain is None:
+        init_effects()
+
+    ctx = EffectContext(
+        terminal_width=w,
+        terminal_height=h,
+        scroll_cam=scroll_cam,
+        camera_x=camera_x,
+        ticker_height=ticker_h,
+        mic_excess=mic_excess,
+        grad_offset=grad_offset,
+        frame_number=frame_number,
+        has_message=has_message,
+        items=items or [],
+    )
+    return _effect_chain.process(buf, ctx)
+
+
+def get_effect_chain() -> EffectChain | None:
+    """Get the effect chain instance."""
+    global _effect_chain
+    if _effect_chain is None:
+        init_effects()
+    return _effect_chain

engine/mic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""
+Microphone input monitor — standalone, no internal dependencies.
+Gracefully degrades if sounddevice/numpy are unavailable.
+"""
+
+import atexit
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from datetime import datetime
+
+try:
+    import numpy as _np
+    import sounddevice as _sd
+
+    _HAS_MIC = True
+except Exception:
+    _HAS_MIC = False
+
+
+from engine.events import MicLevelEvent
+
+
+class MicMonitor:
+    """Background mic stream that exposes current RMS dB level."""
+
+    def __init__(self, threshold_db=50):
+        self.threshold_db = threshold_db
+        self._db = -99.0
+        self._stream = None
+        self._subscribers: list[Callable[[MicLevelEvent], None]] = []
+
+    @property
+    def available(self):
+        """True if sounddevice is importable."""
+        return _HAS_MIC
+
+    @property
+    def db(self):
+        """Current RMS dB level."""
+        return self._db
+
+    @property
+    def excess(self):
+        """dB above threshold (clamped to 0)."""
+        return max(0.0, self._db - self.threshold_db)
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback: Callable[[MicLevelEvent], None]) -> None:
+        """Register a callback to be called when mic level changes."""
+        self._subscribers.append(callback)
+
+    def unsubscribe(self, callback: Callable[[MicLevelEvent], None]) -> None:
+        """Remove a registered callback."""
+        if callback in self._subscribers:
+            self._subscribers.remove(callback)
+
+    def _emit(self, event: MicLevelEvent) -> None:
+        """Emit an event to all subscribers."""
+        for cb in self._subscribers:
+            try:
+                cb(event)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def start(self):
+        """Start background mic stream. Returns True on success, False/None otherwise."""
+        if not _HAS_MIC:
+            return None
+
+        def _cb(indata, frames, t, status):
+            rms = float(_np.sqrt(_np.mean(indata**2)))
+            self._db = 20 * _np.log10(rms) if rms > 0 else -99.0
+            if self._subscribers:
+                event = MicLevelEvent(
+                    db_level=self._db,
+                    excess_above_threshold=max(0.0, self._db - self.threshold_db),
+                    timestamp=datetime.now(),
+                )
+                self._emit(event)
+
+        try:
+            self._stream = _sd.InputStream(
+                callback=_cb, channels=1, samplerate=44100, blocksize=2048
+            )
+            self._stream.start()
+            atexit.register(self.stop)
+            return True
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """Stop the mic stream if running."""
+        if self._stream:
+            try:
+                self._stream.stop()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            self._stream = None

engine/ntfy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""
+ntfy.sh SSE stream listener — standalone, zero internal dependencies.
+Reusable by any visualizer:
+
+    from engine.ntfy import NtfyPoller
+    poller = NtfyPoller("https://ntfy.sh/my_topic/json")
+    poller.start()
+    # in render loop:
+    msg = poller.get_active_message()
+    if msg:
+        title, body, ts = msg
+        render_my_message(title, body)
+"""
+
+import json
+import threading
+import time
+import urllib.request
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from datetime import datetime
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse
+
+from engine.events import NtfyMessageEvent
+
+
+class NtfyPoller:
+    """SSE stream listener for ntfy.sh topics. Messages arrive in ~1s (network RTT)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, topic_url, reconnect_delay=5, display_secs=30):
+        self.topic_url = topic_url
+        self.reconnect_delay = reconnect_delay
+        self.display_secs = display_secs
+        self._message = None  # (title, body, monotonic_timestamp) or None
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._subscribers: list[Callable[[NtfyMessageEvent], None]] = []
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback: Callable[[NtfyMessageEvent], None]) -> None:
+        """Register a callback to be called when a message is received."""
+        self._subscribers.append(callback)
+
+    def unsubscribe(self, callback: Callable[[NtfyMessageEvent], None]) -> None:
+        """Remove a registered callback."""
+        if callback in self._subscribers:
+            self._subscribers.remove(callback)
+
+    def _emit(self, event: NtfyMessageEvent) -> None:
+        """Emit an event to all subscribers."""
+        for cb in self._subscribers:
+            try:
+                cb(event)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def start(self):
+        """Start background stream thread. Returns True."""
+        t = threading.Thread(target=self._stream_loop, daemon=True)
+        t.start()
+        return True
+
+    def get_active_message(self):
+        """Return (title, body, timestamp) if a message is active and not expired, else None."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._message is None:
+                return None
+            title, body, ts = self._message
+            if time.monotonic() - ts < self.display_secs:
+                return self._message
+            self._message = None
+            return None
+
+    def dismiss(self):
+        """Manually dismiss the current message."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self._message = None
+
+    def _build_url(self, last_id=None):
+        """Build the stream URL, substituting since= to avoid message replays on reconnect."""
+        parsed = urlparse(self.topic_url)
+        params = parse_qs(parsed.query, keep_blank_values=True)
+        params["since"] = [last_id if last_id else "20s"]
+        new_query = urlencode({k: v[0] for k, v in params.items()})
+        return urlunparse(parsed._replace(query=new_query))
+
+    def _stream_loop(self):
+        last_id = None
+        while True:
+            try:
+                url = self._build_url(last_id)
+                req = urllib.request.Request(
+                    url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"}
+                )
+                # timeout=90 keeps the socket alive through ntfy.sh keepalive heartbeats
+                resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=90)
+                while True:
+                    line = resp.readline()
+                    if not line:
+                        break  # server closed connection — reconnect
+                    try:
+                        data = json.loads(line.decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
+                    except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                        continue
+                    # Advance cursor on every event (message + keepalive) to
+                    # avoid replaying already-seen events after a reconnect.
+                    if "id" in data:
+                        last_id = data["id"]
+                    if data.get("event") == "message":
+                        with self._lock:
+                            self._message = (
+                                data.get("title", ""),
+                                data.get("message", ""),
+                                time.monotonic(),
+                            )
+                        event = NtfyMessageEvent(
+                            title=data.get("title", ""),
+                            body=data.get("message", ""),
+                            message_id=data.get("id"),
+                            timestamp=datetime.now(),
+                        )
+                        self._emit(event)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            time.sleep(self.reconnect_delay)

engine/pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,611 @@
+"""
+Pipeline introspection - generates self-documenting diagrams of the render pipeline.
+
+Pipeline Architecture:
+- Sources: Data providers (RSS, Poetry, Ntfy, Mic) - static or dynamic
+- Fetch: Retrieve data from sources
+- Prepare: Transform raw data (make_block, strip_tags, translate)
+- Scroll: Camera-based viewport rendering (ticker zone, message overlay)
+- Effects: Post-processing chain (noise, fade, glitch, firehose, hud)
+- Render: Final line rendering and layout
+- Display: Output backends (terminal, pygame, websocket, sixel, kitty)
+
+Key abstractions:
+- DataSource: Sources can be static (cached) or dynamic (idempotent fetch)
+- Camera: Viewport controller (vertical, horizontal, omni, floating, trace)
+- EffectChain: Ordered effect processing pipeline
+- Display: Pluggable output backends
+- SourceRegistry: Source discovery and management
+- AnimationController: Time-based parameter animation
+- Preset: Package of initial params + animation for demo modes
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineNode:
+    """Represents a node in the pipeline."""
+
+    name: str
+    module: str
+    class_name: str | None = None
+    func_name: str | None = None
+    description: str = ""
+    inputs: list[str] | None = None
+    outputs: list[str] | None = None
+    metrics: dict | None = None  # Performance metrics (avg_ms, min_ms, max_ms)
+
+
+class PipelineIntrospector:
+    """Introspects the render pipeline and generates documentation."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.nodes: list[PipelineNode] = []
+
+    def add_node(self, node: PipelineNode) -> None:
+        self.nodes.append(node)
+
+    def generate_mermaid_flowchart(self) -> str:
+        """Generate a Mermaid flowchart of the pipeline."""
+        lines = ["```mermaid", "flowchart TD"]
+
+        subgraph_groups = {
+            "Sources": [],
+            "Fetch": [],
+            "Prepare": [],
+            "Scroll": [],
+            "Effects": [],
+            "Display": [],
+            "Async": [],
+            "Animation": [],
+            "Viz": [],
+        }
+
+        other_nodes = []
+
+        for node in self.nodes:
+            node_id = node.name.replace("-", "_").replace(" ", "_").replace(":", "_")
+            label = node.name
+            if node.class_name:
+                label = f"{node.name}\\n({node.class_name})"
+            elif node.func_name:
+                label = f"{node.name}\\n({node.func_name})"
+
+            if node.description:
+                label += f"\\n{node.description}"
+
+            if node.metrics:
+                avg = node.metrics.get("avg_ms", 0)
+                if avg > 0:
+                    label += f"\\n⏱ {avg:.1f}ms"
+                    impact = node.metrics.get("impact_pct", 0)
+                    if impact > 0:
+                        label += f" ({impact:.0f}%)"
+
+            node_entry = f'    {node_id}["{label}"]'
+
+            if "DataSource" in node.name or "SourceRegistry" in node.name:
+                subgraph_groups["Sources"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "fetch" in node.name.lower():
+                subgraph_groups["Fetch"].append(node_entry)
+            elif (
+                "make_block" in node.name
+                or "strip_tags" in node.name
+                or "translate" in node.name
+            ):
+                subgraph_groups["Prepare"].append(node_entry)
+            elif (
+                "StreamController" in node.name
+                or "render_ticker" in node.name
+                or "render_message" in node.name
+                or "Camera" in node.name
+            ):
+                subgraph_groups["Scroll"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "Effect" in node.name or "effect" in node.module:
+                subgraph_groups["Effects"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "Display:" in node.name:
+                subgraph_groups["Display"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "Ntfy" in node.name or "Mic" in node.name:
+                subgraph_groups["Async"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "Animation" in node.name or "Preset" in node.name:
+                subgraph_groups["Animation"].append(node_entry)
+            elif "pipeline_viz" in node.module or "CameraLarge" in node.name:
+                subgraph_groups["Viz"].append(node_entry)
+            else:
+                other_nodes.append(node_entry)
+
+        for group_name, nodes in subgraph_groups.items():
+            if nodes:
+                lines.append(f"    subgraph {group_name}")
+                for node in nodes:
+                    lines.append(node)
+                lines.append("    end")
+
+        for node in other_nodes:
+            lines.append(node)
+
+        lines.append("")
+
+        for node in self.nodes:
+            node_id = node.name.replace("-", "_").replace(" ", "_").replace(":", "_")
+            if node.inputs:
+                for inp in node.inputs:
+                    inp_id = inp.replace("-", "_").replace(" ", "_").replace(":", "_")
+                    lines.append(f"    {inp_id} --> {node_id}")
+
+        lines.append("```")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def generate_mermaid_sequence(self) -> str:
+        """Generate a Mermaid sequence diagram of message flow."""
+        lines = ["```mermaid", "sequenceDiagram"]
+
+        lines.append("    participant Sources")
+        lines.append("    participant Fetch")
+        lines.append("    participant Scroll")
+        lines.append("    participant Effects")
+        lines.append("    participant Display")
+
+        lines.append("    Sources->>Fetch: headlines")
+        lines.append("    Fetch->>Scroll: content blocks")
+        lines.append("    Scroll->>Effects: buffer")
+        lines.append("    Effects->>Effects: process chain")
+        lines.append("    Effects->>Display: rendered buffer")
+
+        lines.append("```")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def generate_mermaid_state(self) -> str:
+        """Generate a Mermaid state diagram of camera modes."""
+        lines = ["```mermaid", "stateDiagram-v2"]
+
+        lines.append("    [*] --> Vertical")
+        lines.append("    Vertical --> Horizontal: set_mode()")
+        lines.append("    Horizontal --> Omni: set_mode()")
+        lines.append("    Omni --> Floating: set_mode()")
+        lines.append("    Floating --> Trace: set_mode()")
+        lines.append("    Trace --> Vertical: set_mode()")
+
+        lines.append("    state Vertical {")
+        lines.append("        [*] --> ScrollUp")
+        lines.append("        ScrollUp --> ScrollUp: +y each frame")
+        lines.append("    }")
+
+        lines.append("    state Horizontal {")
+        lines.append("        [*] --> ScrollLeft")
+        lines.append("        ScrollLeft --> ScrollLeft: +x each frame")
+        lines.append("    }")
+
+        lines.append("    state Omni {")
+        lines.append("        [*] --> Diagonal")
+        lines.append("        Diagonal --> Diagonal: +x, +y")
+        lines.append("    }")
+
+        lines.append("    state Floating {")
+        lines.append("        [*] --> Bobbing")
+        lines.append("        Bobbing --> Bobbing: sin(time)")
+        lines.append("    }")
+
+        lines.append("    state Trace {")
+        lines.append("        [*] --> FollowPath")
+        lines.append("        FollowPath --> FollowPath: node by node")
+        lines.append("    }")
+
+        lines.append("```")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def generate_full_diagram(self) -> str:
+        """Generate full pipeline documentation."""
+        lines = [
+            "# Render Pipeline",
+            "",
+            "## Data Flow",
+            "",
+            self.generate_mermaid_flowchart(),
+            "",
+            "## Message Sequence",
+            "",
+            self.generate_mermaid_sequence(),
+            "",
+            "## Camera States",
+            "",
+            self.generate_mermaid_state(),
+        ]
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def introspect_sources(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect data sources."""
+        from engine import sources
+
+        for name in dir(sources):
+            obj = getattr(sources, name)
+            if isinstance(obj, dict):
+                self.add_node(
+                    PipelineNode(
+                        name=f"Data Source: {name}",
+                        module="engine.sources",
+                        description=f"{len(obj)} feeds configured",
+                    )
+                )
+
+    def introspect_sources_v2(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect data sources v2 (new abstraction)."""
+        from engine.sources_v2 import SourceRegistry, init_default_sources
+
+        init_default_sources()
+        SourceRegistry()
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="SourceRegistry",
+                module="engine.sources_v2",
+                class_name="SourceRegistry",
+                description="Source discovery and management",
+            )
+        )
+
+        for name, desc in [
+            ("HeadlinesDataSource", "RSS feed headlines"),
+            ("PoetryDataSource", "Poetry DB"),
+            ("PipelineDataSource", "Pipeline viz (dynamic)"),
+        ]:
+            self.add_node(
+                PipelineNode(
+                    name=f"DataSource: {name}",
+                    module="engine.sources_v2",
+                    class_name=name,
+                    description=f"{desc}",
+                )
+            )
+
+    def introspect_prepare(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect prepare layer (transformation)."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="make_block",
+                module="engine.render",
+                func_name="make_block",
+                description="Transform headline into display block",
+                inputs=["title", "source", "timestamp", "width"],
+                outputs=["block"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="strip_tags",
+                module="engine.filter",
+                func_name="strip_tags",
+                description="Remove HTML tags from content",
+                inputs=["html"],
+                outputs=["plain_text"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="translate_headline",
+                module="engine.translate",
+                func_name="translate_headline",
+                description="Translate headline to target language",
+                inputs=["title", "target_lang"],
+                outputs=["translated_title"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_fetch(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect fetch layer."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="fetch_all",
+                module="engine.fetch",
+                func_name="fetch_all",
+                description="Fetch RSS feeds",
+                outputs=["items"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="fetch_poetry",
+                module="engine.fetch",
+                func_name="fetch_poetry",
+                description="Fetch Poetry DB",
+                outputs=["items"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_scroll(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect scroll engine."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="StreamController",
+                module="engine.controller",
+                class_name="StreamController",
+                description="Main render loop orchestrator",
+                inputs=["items", "ntfy_poller", "mic_monitor", "display"],
+                outputs=["buffer"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="render_ticker_zone",
+                module="engine.layers",
+                func_name="render_ticker_zone",
+                description="Render scrolling ticker content",
+                inputs=["active", "camera"],
+                outputs=["buffer"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="render_message_overlay",
+                module="engine.layers",
+                func_name="render_message_overlay",
+                description="Render ntfy message overlay",
+                inputs=["msg", "width", "height"],
+                outputs=["overlay", "cache"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_render(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect render layer."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="big_wrap",
+                module="engine.render",
+                func_name="big_wrap",
+                description="Word-wrap text to width",
+                inputs=["text", "width"],
+                outputs=["lines"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="lr_gradient",
+                module="engine.render",
+                func_name="lr_gradient",
+                description="Apply left-right gradient to lines",
+                inputs=["lines", "position"],
+                outputs=["styled_lines"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_async_sources(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect async data sources (ntfy, mic)."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="NtfyPoller",
+                module="engine.ntfy",
+                class_name="NtfyPoller",
+                description="Poll ntfy for messages (async)",
+                inputs=["topic"],
+                outputs=["message"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="MicMonitor",
+                module="engine.mic",
+                class_name="MicMonitor",
+                description="Monitor microphone input (async)",
+                outputs=["audio_level"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_eventbus(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect event bus for decoupled communication."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="EventBus",
+                module="engine.eventbus",
+                class_name="EventBus",
+                description="Thread-safe event publishing",
+                inputs=["event"],
+                outputs=["subscribers"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_animation(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect animation system."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="AnimationController",
+                module="engine.animation",
+                class_name="AnimationController",
+                description="Time-based parameter animation",
+                inputs=["dt"],
+                outputs=["params"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="Preset",
+                module="engine.animation",
+                class_name="Preset",
+                description="Package of initial params + animation",
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_pipeline_viz(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect pipeline visualization."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="generate_large_network_viewport",
+                module="engine.pipeline_viz",
+                func_name="generate_large_network_viewport",
+                description="Large animated network visualization",
+                inputs=["viewport_w", "viewport_h", "frame"],
+                outputs=["buffer"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="CameraLarge",
+                module="engine.pipeline_viz",
+                class_name="CameraLarge",
+                description="Large grid camera (trace mode)",
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_camera(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect camera system."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="Camera",
+                module="engine.camera",
+                class_name="Camera",
+                description="Viewport position controller",
+                inputs=["dt"],
+                outputs=["x", "y"],
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_effects(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect effect system."""
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="EffectChain",
+                module="engine.effects",
+                class_name="EffectChain",
+                description="Process effects in sequence",
+                inputs=["buffer", "context"],
+                outputs=["buffer"],
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.add_node(
+            PipelineNode(
+                name="EffectRegistry",
+                module="engine.effects",
+                class_name="EffectRegistry",
+                description="Manage effect plugins",
+            )
+        )
+
+    def introspect_display(self) -> None:
+        """Introspect display backends."""
+        from engine.display import DisplayRegistry
+
+        DisplayRegistry.initialize()
+        backends = DisplayRegistry.list_backends()
+
+        for backend in backends:
+            self.add_node(
+                PipelineNode(
+                    name=f"Display: {backend}",
+                    module="engine.display.backends",
+                    class_name=f"{backend.title()}Display",
+                    description=f"Render to {backend}",
+                    inputs=["buffer"],
+                )
+            )
+
+    def introspect_new_pipeline(self, pipeline=None) -> None:
+        """Introspect new unified pipeline stages with metrics.
+
+        Args:
+            pipeline: Optional Pipeline instance to collect metrics from
+        """
+
+        stages_info = [
+            (
+                "ItemsSource",
+                "engine.pipeline.adapters",
+                "ItemsStage",
+                "Provides pre-fetched items",
+            ),
+            (
+                "Render",
+                "engine.pipeline.adapters",
+                "RenderStage",
+                "Renders items to buffer",
+            ),
+            (
+                "Effect",
+                "engine.pipeline.adapters",
+                "EffectPluginStage",
+                "Applies effect",
+            ),
+            (
+                "Display",
+                "engine.pipeline.adapters",
+                "DisplayStage",
+                "Outputs to display",
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        metrics = None
+        if pipeline and hasattr(pipeline, "get_metrics_summary"):
+            metrics = pipeline.get_metrics_summary()
+            if "error" in metrics:
+                metrics = None
+
+        total_avg = metrics.get("pipeline", {}).get("avg_ms", 0) if metrics else 0
+
+        for stage_name, module, class_name, desc in stages_info:
+            node_metrics = None
+            if metrics and "stages" in metrics:
+                for name, stats in metrics["stages"].items():
+                    if stage_name.lower() in name.lower():
+                        impact_pct = (
+                            (stats.get("avg_ms", 0) / total_avg * 100)
+                            if total_avg > 0
+                            else 0
+                        )
+                        node_metrics = {
+                            "avg_ms": stats.get("avg_ms", 0),
+                            "min_ms": stats.get("min_ms", 0),
+                            "max_ms": stats.get("max_ms", 0),
+                            "impact_pct": impact_pct,
+                        }
+                        break
+
+            self.add_node(
+                PipelineNode(
+                    name=f"Pipeline: {stage_name}",
+                    module=module,
+                    class_name=class_name,
+                    description=desc,
+                    inputs=["data"],
+                    outputs=["data"],
+                    metrics=node_metrics,
+                )
+            )
+
+    def run(self) -> str:
+        """Run full introspection."""
+        self.introspect_sources()
+        self.introspect_sources_v2()
+        self.introspect_fetch()
+        self.introspect_prepare()
+        self.introspect_scroll()
+        self.introspect_render()
+        self.introspect_camera()
+        self.introspect_effects()
+        self.introspect_display()
+        self.introspect_async_sources()
+        self.introspect_eventbus()
+        self.introspect_animation()
+        self.introspect_pipeline_viz()
+
+        return self.generate_full_diagram()
+
+
+def generate_pipeline_diagram() -> str:
+    """Generate a self-documenting pipeline diagram."""
+    introspector = PipelineIntrospector()
+    return introspector.run()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(generate_pipeline_diagram())

engine/pipeline/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+"""
+Unified Pipeline Architecture.
+
+This module provides a clean, dependency-managed pipeline system:
+- Stage: Base class for all pipeline components
+- Pipeline: DAG-based execution orchestrator
+- PipelineParams: Runtime configuration for animation
+- PipelinePreset: Pre-configured pipeline configurations
+- StageRegistry: Unified registration for all stage types
+
+The pipeline architecture supports:
+- Sources: Data providers (headlines, poetry, pipeline viz)
+- Effects: Post-processors (noise, fade, glitch, hud)
+- Displays: Output backends (terminal, pygame, websocket)
+- Cameras: Viewport controllers (vertical, horizontal, omni)
+
+Example:
+    from engine.pipeline import Pipeline, PipelineConfig, StageRegistry
+
+    pipeline = Pipeline(PipelineConfig(source="headlines", display="terminal"))
+    pipeline.add_stage("source", StageRegistry.create("source", "headlines"))
+    pipeline.add_stage("display", StageRegistry.create("display", "terminal"))
+    pipeline.build().initialize()
+
+    result = pipeline.execute(initial_data)
+"""
+
+from engine.pipeline.controller import (
+    Pipeline,
+    PipelineConfig,
+    PipelineRunner,
+    create_default_pipeline,
+    create_pipeline_from_params,
+)
+from engine.pipeline.core import (
+    PipelineContext,
+    Stage,
+    StageConfig,
+    StageError,
+    StageResult,
+)
+from engine.pipeline.params import (
+    DEFAULT_HEADLINE_PARAMS,
+    DEFAULT_PIPELINE_PARAMS,
+    DEFAULT_PYGAME_PARAMS,
+    PipelineParams,
+)
+from engine.pipeline.presets import (
+    DEMO_PRESET,
+    FIREHOSE_PRESET,
+    PIPELINE_VIZ_PRESET,
+    POETRY_PRESET,
+    PRESETS,
+    SIXEL_PRESET,
+    WEBSOCKET_PRESET,
+    PipelinePreset,
+    create_preset_from_params,
+    get_preset,
+    list_presets,
+)
+from engine.pipeline.registry import (
+    StageRegistry,
+    discover_stages,
+    register_camera,
+    register_display,
+    register_effect,
+    register_source,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Core
+    "Stage",
+    "StageConfig",
+    "StageError",
+    "StageResult",
+    "PipelineContext",
+    # Controller
+    "Pipeline",
+    "PipelineConfig",
+    "PipelineRunner",
+    "create_default_pipeline",
+    "create_pipeline_from_params",
+    # Params
+    "PipelineParams",
+    "DEFAULT_HEADLINE_PARAMS",
+    "DEFAULT_PIPELINE_PARAMS",
+    "DEFAULT_PYGAME_PARAMS",
+    # Presets
+    "PipelinePreset",
+    "PRESETS",
+    "DEMO_PRESET",
+    "POETRY_PRESET",
+    "PIPELINE_VIZ_PRESET",
+    "WEBSOCKET_PRESET",
+    "SIXEL_PRESET",
+    "FIREHOSE_PRESET",
+    "get_preset",
+    "list_presets",
+    "create_preset_from_params",
+    # Registry
+    "StageRegistry",
+    "discover_stages",
+    "register_source",
+    "register_effect",
+    "register_display",
+    "register_camera",
+]

engine/pipeline/adapters.py

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+"""
+Stage adapters - Bridge existing components to the Stage interface.
+
+This module provides adapters that wrap existing components
+(EffectPlugin, Display, DataSource, Camera) as Stage implementations.
+"""
+
+import random
+from typing import Any
+
+from engine.pipeline.core import PipelineContext, Stage
+
+
+class RenderStage(Stage):
+    """Stage that renders items to a text buffer for display.
+
+    This mimics the old demo's render pipeline:
+    - Selects headlines and renders them to blocks
+    - Applies camera scroll position
+    - Adds firehose layer if enabled
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        items: list,
+        width: int = 80,
+        height: int = 24,
+        camera_speed: float = 1.0,
+        camera_mode: str = "vertical",
+        firehose_enabled: bool = False,
+        name: str = "render",
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "render"
+        self.optional = False
+        self._items = items
+        self._width = width
+        self._height = height
+        self._camera_speed = camera_speed
+        self._camera_mode = camera_mode
+        self._firehose_enabled = firehose_enabled
+
+        self._camera_y = 0.0
+        self._camera_x = 0
+        self._scroll_accum = 0.0
+        self._ticker_next_y = 0
+        self._active: list = []
+        self._seen: set = set()
+        self._pool: list = list(items)
+        self._noise_cache: dict = {}
+        self._frame_count = 0
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {"render.output"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {"source.items"}
+
+    def init(self, ctx: PipelineContext) -> bool:
+        random.shuffle(self._pool)
+        return True
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Render items to a text buffer."""
+        from engine.effects import next_headline
+        from engine.layers import render_firehose, render_ticker_zone
+        from engine.render import make_block
+
+        items = data or self._items
+        w = ctx.params.viewport_width if ctx.params else self._width
+        h = ctx.params.viewport_height if ctx.params else self._height
+        camera_speed = ctx.params.camera_speed if ctx.params else self._camera_speed
+        firehose = ctx.params.firehose_enabled if ctx.params else self._firehose_enabled
+
+        scroll_step = 0.5 / (camera_speed * 10)
+        self._scroll_accum += scroll_step
+
+        GAP = 3
+
+        while self._scroll_accum >= scroll_step:
+            self._scroll_accum -= scroll_step
+            self._camera_y += 1.0
+
+            while (
+                self._ticker_next_y < int(self._camera_y) + h + 10
+                and len(self._active) < 50
+            ):
+                t, src, ts = next_headline(self._pool, items, self._seen)
+                ticker_content, hc, midx = make_block(t, src, ts, w)
+                self._active.append((ticker_content, hc, self._ticker_next_y, midx))
+                self._ticker_next_y += len(ticker_content) + GAP
+
+        self._active = [
+            (c, hc, by, mi)
+            for c, hc, by, mi in self._active
+            if by + len(c) > int(self._camera_y)
+        ]
+        for k in list(self._noise_cache):
+            if k < int(self._camera_y):
+                del self._noise_cache[k]
+
+        grad_offset = (self._frame_count * 0.01) % 1.0
+
+        buf, self._noise_cache = render_ticker_zone(
+            self._active,
+            scroll_cam=int(self._camera_y),
+            camera_x=self._camera_x,
+            ticker_h=h,
+            w=w,
+            noise_cache=self._noise_cache,
+            grad_offset=grad_offset,
+        )
+
+        if firehose:
+            firehose_buf = render_firehose(items, w, 0, h)
+            buf.extend(firehose_buf)
+
+        self._frame_count += 1
+        return buf
+
+
+class EffectPluginStage(Stage):
+    """Adapter wrapping EffectPlugin as a Stage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, effect_plugin, name: str = "effect"):
+        self._effect = effect_plugin
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "effect"
+        self.optional = False
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {f"effect.{self.name}"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Process data through the effect."""
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        from engine.effects import EffectContext
+
+        w = ctx.params.viewport_width if ctx.params else 80
+        h = ctx.params.viewport_height if ctx.params else 24
+        frame = ctx.params.frame_number if ctx.params else 0
+
+        effect_ctx = EffectContext(
+            terminal_width=w,
+            terminal_height=h,
+            scroll_cam=0,
+            ticker_height=h,
+            camera_x=0,
+            mic_excess=0.0,
+            grad_offset=(frame * 0.01) % 1.0,
+            frame_number=frame,
+            has_message=False,
+            items=ctx.get("items", []),
+        )
+        return self._effect.process(data, effect_ctx)
+
+
+class DisplayStage(Stage):
+    """Adapter wrapping Display as a Stage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, display, name: str = "terminal"):
+        self._display = display
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "display"
+        self.optional = False
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {"display.output"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    def init(self, ctx: PipelineContext) -> bool:
+        w = ctx.params.viewport_width if ctx.params else 80
+        h = ctx.params.viewport_height if ctx.params else 24
+        result = self._display.init(w, h, reuse=False)
+        return result is not False
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Output data to display."""
+        if data is not None:
+            self._display.show(data)
+        return data
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        self._display.cleanup()
+
+
+class DataSourceStage(Stage):
+    """Adapter wrapping DataSource as a Stage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, data_source, name: str = "headlines"):
+        self._source = data_source
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "source"
+        self.optional = False
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {f"source.{self.name}"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Fetch data from source."""
+        if hasattr(self._source, "get_items"):
+            return self._source.get_items()
+        return data
+
+
+class ItemsStage(Stage):
+    """Stage that holds pre-fetched items and provides them to the pipeline."""
+
+    def __init__(self, items, name: str = "headlines"):
+        self._items = items
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "source"
+        self.optional = False
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {f"source.{self.name}"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Return the pre-fetched items."""
+        return self._items
+
+
+class CameraStage(Stage):
+    """Adapter wrapping Camera as a Stage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, camera, name: str = "vertical"):
+        self._camera = camera
+        self.name = name
+        self.category = "camera"
+        self.optional = True
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {"camera"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        return {"source.items"}
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: PipelineContext) -> Any:
+        """Apply camera transformation to data."""
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        if hasattr(self._camera, "apply"):
+            return self._camera.apply(
+                data, ctx.params.viewport_width if ctx.params else 80
+            )
+        return data
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        if hasattr(self._camera, "reset"):
+            self._camera.reset()
+
+
+def create_stage_from_display(display, name: str = "terminal") -> DisplayStage:
+    """Create a Stage from a Display instance."""
+    return DisplayStage(display, name)
+
+
+def create_stage_from_effect(effect_plugin, name: str) -> EffectPluginStage:
+    """Create a Stage from an EffectPlugin."""
+    return EffectPluginStage(effect_plugin, name)
+
+
+def create_stage_from_source(data_source, name: str = "headlines") -> DataSourceStage:
+    """Create a Stage from a DataSource."""
+    return DataSourceStage(data_source, name)
+
+
+def create_stage_from_camera(camera, name: str = "vertical") -> CameraStage:
+    """Create a Stage from a Camera."""
+    return CameraStage(camera, name)
+
+
+def create_items_stage(items, name: str = "headlines") -> ItemsStage:
+    """Create a Stage that holds pre-fetched items."""
+    return ItemsStage(items, name)

engine/pipeline/controller.py

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+"""
+Pipeline controller - DAG-based pipeline execution.
+
+The Pipeline class orchestrates stages in dependency order, handling
+the complete render cycle from source to display.
+"""
+
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any
+
+from engine.pipeline.core import PipelineContext, Stage, StageError, StageResult
+from engine.pipeline.params import PipelineParams
+from engine.pipeline.registry import StageRegistry
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineConfig:
+    """Configuration for a pipeline instance."""
+
+    source: str = "headlines"
+    display: str = "terminal"
+    camera: str = "vertical"
+    effects: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    enable_metrics: bool = True
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageMetrics:
+    """Metrics for a single stage execution."""
+
+    name: str
+    duration_ms: float
+    chars_in: int = 0
+    chars_out: int = 0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FrameMetrics:
+    """Metrics for a single frame through the pipeline."""
+
+    frame_number: int
+    total_ms: float
+    stages: list[StageMetrics] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class Pipeline:
+    """Main pipeline orchestrator.
+
+    Manages the execution of all stages in dependency order,
+    handling initialization, processing, and cleanup.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: PipelineConfig | None = None,
+        context: PipelineContext | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.config = config or PipelineConfig()
+        self.context = context or PipelineContext()
+        self._stages: dict[str, Stage] = {}
+        self._execution_order: list[str] = []
+        self._initialized = False
+
+        self._metrics_enabled = self.config.enable_metrics
+        self._frame_metrics: list[FrameMetrics] = []
+        self._max_metrics_frames = 60
+        self._current_frame_number = 0
+
+    def add_stage(self, name: str, stage: Stage) -> "Pipeline":
+        """Add a stage to the pipeline."""
+        self._stages[name] = stage
+        return self
+
+    def remove_stage(self, name: str) -> None:
+        """Remove a stage from the pipeline."""
+        if name in self._stages:
+            del self._stages[name]
+
+    def get_stage(self, name: str) -> Stage | None:
+        """Get a stage by name."""
+        return self._stages.get(name)
+
+    def build(self) -> "Pipeline":
+        """Build execution order based on dependencies."""
+        self._execution_order = self._resolve_dependencies()
+        self._initialized = True
+        return self
+
+    def _resolve_dependencies(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Resolve stage execution order using topological sort."""
+        ordered = []
+        visited = set()
+        temp_mark = set()
+
+        def visit(name: str) -> None:
+            if name in temp_mark:
+                raise StageError(name, "Circular dependency detected")
+            if name in visited:
+                return
+
+            temp_mark.add(name)
+            stage = self._stages.get(name)
+            if stage:
+                for dep in stage.dependencies:
+                    dep_stage = self._stages.get(dep)
+                    if dep_stage:
+                        visit(dep)
+
+            temp_mark.remove(name)
+            visited.add(name)
+            ordered.append(name)
+
+        for name in self._stages:
+            if name not in visited:
+                visit(name)
+
+        return ordered
+
+    def initialize(self) -> bool:
+        """Initialize all stages in execution order."""
+        for name in self._execution_order:
+            stage = self._stages.get(name)
+            if stage and not stage.init(self.context) and not stage.optional:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def execute(self, data: Any | None = None) -> StageResult:
+        """Execute the pipeline with the given input data."""
+        if not self._initialized:
+            self.build()
+
+        if not self._initialized:
+            return StageResult(
+                success=False,
+                data=None,
+                error="Pipeline not initialized",
+            )
+
+        current_data = data
+        frame_start = time.perf_counter() if self._metrics_enabled else 0
+        stage_timings: list[StageMetrics] = []
+
+        for name in self._execution_order:
+            stage = self._stages.get(name)
+            if not stage or not stage.is_enabled():
+                continue
+
+            stage_start = time.perf_counter() if self._metrics_enabled else 0
+
+            try:
+                current_data = stage.process(current_data, self.context)
+            except Exception as e:
+                if not stage.optional:
+                    return StageResult(
+                        success=False,
+                        data=current_data,
+                        error=str(e),
+                        stage_name=name,
+                    )
+                continue
+
+            if self._metrics_enabled:
+                stage_duration = (time.perf_counter() - stage_start) * 1000
+                chars_in = len(str(data)) if data else 0
+                chars_out = len(str(current_data)) if current_data else 0
+                stage_timings.append(
+                    StageMetrics(
+                        name=name,
+                        duration_ms=stage_duration,
+                        chars_in=chars_in,
+                        chars_out=chars_out,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if self._metrics_enabled:
+            total_duration = (time.perf_counter() - frame_start) * 1000
+            self._frame_metrics.append(
+                FrameMetrics(
+                    frame_number=self._current_frame_number,
+                    total_ms=total_duration,
+                    stages=stage_timings,
+                )
+            )
+            if len(self._frame_metrics) > self._max_metrics_frames:
+                self._frame_metrics.pop(0)
+            self._current_frame_number += 1
+
+        return StageResult(success=True, data=current_data)
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Clean up all stages in reverse order."""
+        for name in reversed(self._execution_order):
+            stage = self._stages.get(name)
+            if stage:
+                try:
+                    stage.cleanup()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+        self._stages.clear()
+        self._initialized = False
+
+    @property
+    def stages(self) -> dict[str, Stage]:
+        """Get all stages."""
+        return self._stages.copy()
+
+    @property
+    def execution_order(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Get execution order."""
+        return self._execution_order.copy()
+
+    def get_stage_names(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Get list of stage names."""
+        return list(self._stages.keys())
+
+    def get_metrics_summary(self) -> dict:
+        """Get summary of collected metrics."""
+        if not self._frame_metrics:
+            return {"error": "No metrics collected"}
+
+        total_times = [f.total_ms for f in self._frame_metrics]
+        avg_total = sum(total_times) / len(total_times)
+        min_total = min(total_times)
+        max_total = max(total_times)
+
+        stage_stats: dict[str, dict] = {}
+        for frame in self._frame_metrics:
+            for stage in frame.stages:
+                if stage.name not in stage_stats:
+                    stage_stats[stage.name] = {"times": [], "total_chars": 0}
+                stage_stats[stage.name]["times"].append(stage.duration_ms)
+                stage_stats[stage.name]["total_chars"] += stage.chars_out
+
+        for name, stats in stage_stats.items():
+            times = stats["times"]
+            stats["avg_ms"] = sum(times) / len(times)
+            stats["min_ms"] = min(times)
+            stats["max_ms"] = max(times)
+            del stats["times"]
+
+        return {
+            "frame_count": len(self._frame_metrics),
+            "pipeline": {
+                "avg_ms": avg_total,
+                "min_ms": min_total,
+                "max_ms": max_total,
+            },
+            "stages": stage_stats,
+        }
+
+    def reset_metrics(self) -> None:
+        """Reset collected metrics."""
+        self._frame_metrics.clear()
+        self._current_frame_number = 0
+
+
+class PipelineRunner:
+    """High-level pipeline runner with animation support."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pipeline: Pipeline,
+        params: PipelineParams | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.pipeline = pipeline
+        self.params = params or PipelineParams()
+        self._running = False
+
+    def start(self) -> bool:
+        """Start the pipeline."""
+        self._running = True
+        return self.pipeline.initialize()
+
+    def step(self, input_data: Any | None = None) -> Any:
+        """Execute one pipeline step."""
+        self.params.frame_number += 1
+        self.pipeline.context.params = self.params
+        result = self.pipeline.execute(input_data)
+        return result.data if result.success else None
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop and clean up the pipeline."""
+        self._running = False
+        self.pipeline.cleanup()
+
+    @property
+    def is_running(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if runner is active."""
+        return self._running
+
+
+def create_pipeline_from_params(params: PipelineParams) -> Pipeline:
+    """Create a pipeline from PipelineParams."""
+    config = PipelineConfig(
+        source=params.source,
+        display=params.display,
+        camera=params.camera_mode,
+        effects=params.effect_order,
+    )
+    return Pipeline(config=config)
+
+
+def create_default_pipeline() -> Pipeline:
+    """Create a default pipeline with all standard components."""
+    from engine.pipeline.adapters import DataSourceStage
+    from engine.sources_v2 import HeadlinesDataSource
+
+    pipeline = Pipeline()
+
+    # Add source stage (wrapped as Stage)
+    source = HeadlinesDataSource()
+    pipeline.add_stage("source", DataSourceStage(source, name="headlines"))
+
+    # Add display stage
+    display = StageRegistry.create("display", "terminal")
+    if display:
+        pipeline.add_stage("display", display)
+
+    return pipeline.build()

engine/pipeline/core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+"""
+Pipeline core - Unified Stage abstraction and PipelineContext.
+
+This module provides the foundation for a clean, dependency-managed pipeline:
+- Stage: Base class for all pipeline components (sources, effects, displays, cameras)
+- PipelineContext: Dependency injection context for runtime data exchange
+- Capability system: Explicit capability declarations with duck-typing support
+"""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from engine.pipeline.params import PipelineParams
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageConfig:
+    """Configuration for a single stage."""
+
+    name: str
+    category: str
+    enabled: bool = True
+    optional: bool = False
+    params: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class Stage(ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for all pipeline stages.
+
+    A Stage is a single component in the rendering pipeline. Stages can be:
+    - Sources: Data providers (headlines, poetry, pipeline viz)
+    - Effects: Post-processors (noise, fade, glitch, hud)
+    - Displays: Output backends (terminal, pygame, websocket)
+    - Cameras: Viewport controllers (vertical, horizontal, omni)
+
+    Stages declare:
+    - capabilities: What they provide to other stages
+    - dependencies: What they need from other stages
+
+    Duck-typing is supported: any class with the required methods can act as a Stage.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    category: str  # "source", "effect", "display", "camera"
+    optional: bool = False  # If True, pipeline continues even if stage fails
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
+        """Return set of capabilities this stage provides.
+
+        Examples:
+            - "source.headlines"
+            - "effect.noise"
+            - "display.output"
+            - "camera"
+        """
+        return {f"{self.category}.{self.name}"}
+
+    @property
+    def dependencies(self) -> set[str]:
+        """Return set of capability names this stage needs.
+
+        Examples:
+            - {"display.output"}
+            - {"source.headlines"}
+            - {"camera"}
+        """
+        return set()
+
+    def init(self, ctx: "PipelineContext") -> bool:
+        """Initialize stage with pipeline context.
+
+        Args:
+            ctx: PipelineContext for accessing services
+
+        Returns:
+            True if initialization succeeded, False otherwise
+        """
+        return True
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def process(self, data: Any, ctx: "PipelineContext") -> Any:
+        """Process input data and return output.
+
+        Args:
+            data: Input data from previous stage (or initial data for first stage)
+            ctx: PipelineContext for accessing services and state
+
+        Returns:
+            Processed data for next stage
+        """
+        ...
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:  # noqa: B027
+        """Clean up resources when pipeline shuts down."""
+        pass
+
+    def get_config(self) -> StageConfig:
+        """Return current configuration of this stage."""
+        return StageConfig(
+            name=self.name,
+            category=self.category,
+            optional=self.optional,
+        )
+
+    def set_enabled(self, enabled: bool) -> None:
+        """Enable or disable this stage."""
+        self._enabled = enabled  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    def is_enabled(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if stage is enabled."""
+        return getattr(self, "_enabled", True)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageResult:
+    """Result of stage processing, including success/failure info."""
+
+    success: bool
+    data: Any
+    error: str | None = None
+    stage_name: str = ""
+
+
+class PipelineContext:
+    """Dependency injection context passed through the pipeline.
+
+    Provides:
+    - services: Named services (display, config, event_bus, etc.)
+    - state: Runtime state shared between stages
+    - params: PipelineParams for animation-driven config
+
+    Services can be injected at construction time or lazily resolved.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        services: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        initial_state: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.services: dict[str, Any] = services or {}
+        self.state: dict[str, Any] = initial_state or {}
+        self._params: PipelineParams | None = None
+
+        # Lazy resolvers for common services
+        self._lazy_resolvers: dict[str, Callable[[], Any]] = {
+            "config": self._resolve_config,
+            "event_bus": self._resolve_event_bus,
+        }
+
+    def _resolve_config(self) -> Any:
+        from engine.config import get_config
+
+        return get_config()
+
+    def _resolve_event_bus(self) -> Any:
+        from engine.eventbus import get_event_bus
+
+        return get_event_bus()
+
+    def get(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
+        """Get a service or state value by key.
+
+        First checks services, then state, then lazy resolution.
+        """
+        if key in self.services:
+            return self.services[key]
+        if key in self.state:
+            return self.state[key]
+        if key in self._lazy_resolvers:
+            try:
+                return self._lazy_resolvers[key]()
+            except Exception:
+                return default
+        return default
+
+    def set(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Set a service or state value."""
+        self.services[key] = value
+
+    def set_state(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Set a runtime state value."""
+        self.state[key] = value
+
+    def get_state(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
+        """Get a runtime state value."""
+        return self.state.get(key, default)
+
+    @property
+    def params(self) -> "PipelineParams | None":
+        """Get current pipeline params (for animation)."""
+        return self._params
+
+    @params.setter
+    def params(self, value: "PipelineParams") -> None:
+        """Set pipeline params (from animation controller)."""
+        self._params = value
+
+    def has_capability(self, capability: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if a capability is available."""
+        return capability in self.services or capability in self._lazy_resolvers
+
+
+class StageError(Exception):
+    """Raised when a stage fails to process."""
+
+    def __init__(self, stage_name: str, message: str, is_optional: bool = False):
+        self.stage_name = stage_name
+        self.message = message
+        self.is_optional = is_optional
+        super().__init__(f"Stage '{stage_name}' failed: {message}")
+
+
+def create_stage_error(
+    stage_name: str, error: Exception, is_optional: bool = False
+) -> StageError:
+    """Helper to create a StageError from an exception."""
+    return StageError(stage_name, str(error), is_optional)

engine/pipeline/params.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+"""
+Pipeline parameters - Runtime configuration layer for animation control.
+
+PipelineParams is the target for AnimationController - animation events
+modify these params, which the pipeline then applies to its stages.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineParams:
+    """Runtime configuration for the pipeline.
+
+    This is the canonical config object that AnimationController modifies.
+    Stages read from these params to adjust their behavior.
+    """
+
+    # Source config
+    source: str = "headlines"
+    source_refresh_interval: float = 60.0
+
+    # Display config
+    display: str = "terminal"
+
+    # Camera config
+    camera_mode: str = "vertical"
+    camera_speed: float = 1.0
+    camera_x: int = 0  # For horizontal scrolling
+
+    # Effect config
+    effect_order: list[str] = field(
+        default_factory=lambda: ["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose", "hud"]
+    )
+    effect_enabled: dict[str, bool] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    effect_intensity: dict[str, float] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    # Animation-driven state (set by AnimationController)
+    pulse: float = 0.0
+    current_effect: str | None = None
+    path_progress: float = 0.0
+
+    # Viewport
+    viewport_width: int = 80
+    viewport_height: int = 24
+
+    # Firehose
+    firehose_enabled: bool = False
+
+    # Runtime state
+    frame_number: int = 0
+    fps: float = 60.0
+
+    def get_effect_config(self, name: str) -> tuple[bool, float]:
+        """Get (enabled, intensity) for an effect."""
+        enabled = self.effect_enabled.get(name, True)
+        intensity = self.effect_intensity.get(name, 1.0)
+        return enabled, intensity
+
+    def set_effect_config(self, name: str, enabled: bool, intensity: float) -> None:
+        """Set effect configuration."""
+        self.effect_enabled[name] = enabled
+        self.effect_intensity[name] = intensity
+
+    def is_effect_enabled(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if an effect is enabled."""
+        if name not in self.effect_enabled:
+            return True  # Default to enabled
+        return self.effect_enabled.get(name, True)
+
+    def get_effect_intensity(self, name: str) -> float:
+        """Get effect intensity (0.0 to 1.0)."""
+        return self.effect_intensity.get(name, 1.0)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to dictionary for serialization."""
+        return {
+            "source": self.source,
+            "display": self.display,
+            "camera_mode": self.camera_mode,
+            "camera_speed": self.camera_speed,
+            "effect_order": self.effect_order,
+            "effect_enabled": self.effect_enabled.copy(),
+            "effect_intensity": self.effect_intensity.copy(),
+            "pulse": self.pulse,
+            "current_effect": self.current_effect,
+            "viewport_width": self.viewport_width,
+            "viewport_height": self.viewport_height,
+            "firehose_enabled": self.firehose_enabled,
+        }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> "PipelineParams":
+        """Create from dictionary."""
+        params = cls()
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            if hasattr(params, key):
+                setattr(params, key, value)
+        return params
+
+    def copy(self) -> "PipelineParams":
+        """Create a copy of this params object."""
+        params = PipelineParams()
+        params.source = self.source
+        params.display = self.display
+        params.camera_mode = self.camera_mode
+        params.camera_speed = self.camera_speed
+        params.camera_x = self.camera_x
+        params.effect_order = self.effect_order.copy()
+        params.effect_enabled = self.effect_enabled.copy()
+        params.effect_intensity = self.effect_intensity.copy()
+        params.pulse = self.pulse
+        params.current_effect = self.current_effect
+        params.path_progress = self.path_progress
+        params.viewport_width = self.viewport_width
+        params.viewport_height = self.viewport_height
+        params.firehose_enabled = self.firehose_enabled
+        params.frame_number = self.frame_number
+        params.fps = self.fps
+        return params
+
+
+# Default params for different modes
+DEFAULT_HEADLINE_PARAMS = PipelineParams(
+    source="headlines",
+    display="terminal",
+    camera_mode="vertical",
+    effect_order=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose", "hud"],
+)
+
+DEFAULT_PYGAME_PARAMS = PipelineParams(
+    source="headlines",
+    display="pygame",
+    camera_mode="vertical",
+    effect_order=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose", "hud"],
+)
+
+DEFAULT_PIPELINE_PARAMS = PipelineParams(
+    source="pipeline",
+    display="pygame",
+    camera_mode="trace",
+    effect_order=["hud"],  # Just HUD for pipeline viz
+)

engine/pipeline/presets.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""
+Pipeline presets - Pre-configured pipeline configurations.
+
+Provides PipelinePreset as a unified preset system that wraps
+the existing Preset class from animation.py for backwards compatibility.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+from engine.animation import Preset as AnimationPreset
+from engine.pipeline.params import PipelineParams
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelinePreset:
+    """Pre-configured pipeline with stages and animation.
+
+    A PipelinePreset packages:
+    - Initial params: Starting configuration
+    - Stages: List of stage configurations to create
+    - Animation: Optional animation controller
+
+    This is the new unified preset that works with the Pipeline class.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    description: str = ""
+    source: str = "headlines"
+    display: str = "terminal"
+    camera: str = "vertical"
+    effects: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    initial_params: PipelineParams | None = None
+    animation_preset: AnimationPreset | None = None
+
+    def to_params(self) -> PipelineParams:
+        """Convert to PipelineParams."""
+        if self.initial_params:
+            return self.initial_params.copy()
+        params = PipelineParams()
+        params.source = self.source
+        params.display = self.display
+        params.camera_mode = self.camera
+        params.effect_order = self.effects.copy()
+        return params
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_animation_preset(cls, preset: AnimationPreset) -> "PipelinePreset":
+        """Create a PipelinePreset from an existing animation Preset."""
+        params = preset.initial_params
+        return cls(
+            name=preset.name,
+            description=preset.description,
+            source=params.source,
+            display=params.display,
+            camera=params.camera_mode,
+            effects=params.effect_order.copy(),
+            initial_params=params,
+            animation_preset=preset,
+        )
+
+    def create_animation_controller(self):
+        """Create an AnimationController from this preset."""
+        if self.animation_preset:
+            return self.animation_preset.create_controller()
+        return None
+
+
+# Built-in presets
+DEMO_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="demo",
+    description="Demo mode with effect cycling and camera modes",
+    source="headlines",
+    display="terminal",
+    camera="vertical",
+    effects=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose", "hud"],
+)
+
+POETRY_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="poetry",
+    description="Poetry feed with subtle effects",
+    source="poetry",
+    display="terminal",
+    camera="vertical",
+    effects=["fade", "hud"],
+)
+
+PIPELINE_VIZ_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="pipeline",
+    description="Pipeline visualization mode",
+    source="pipeline",
+    display="terminal",
+    camera="trace",
+    effects=["hud"],
+)
+
+WEBSOCKET_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="websocket",
+    description="WebSocket display mode",
+    source="headlines",
+    display="websocket",
+    camera="vertical",
+    effects=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "hud"],
+)
+
+SIXEL_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="sixel",
+    description="Sixel graphics display mode",
+    source="headlines",
+    display="sixel",
+    camera="vertical",
+    effects=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "hud"],
+)
+
+FIREHOSE_PRESET = PipelinePreset(
+    name="firehose",
+    description="High-speed firehose mode",
+    source="headlines",
+    display="terminal",
+    camera="vertical",
+    effects=["noise", "fade", "glitch", "firehose", "hud"],
+)
+
+
+PRESETS: dict[str, PipelinePreset] = {
+    "demo": DEMO_PRESET,
+    "poetry": POETRY_PRESET,
+    "pipeline": PIPELINE_VIZ_PRESET,
+    "websocket": WEBSOCKET_PRESET,
+    "sixel": SIXEL_PRESET,
+    "firehose": FIREHOSE_PRESET,
+}
+
+
+def get_preset(name: str) -> PipelinePreset | None:
+    """Get a preset by name."""
+    return PRESETS.get(name)
+
+
+def list_presets() -> list[str]:
+    """List all available preset names."""
+    return list(PRESETS.keys())
+
+
+def create_preset_from_params(
+    params: PipelineParams, name: str = "custom"
+) -> PipelinePreset:
+    """Create a preset from PipelineParams."""
+    return PipelinePreset(
+        name=name,
+        source=params.source,
+        display=params.display,
+        camera=params.camera_mode,
+        effects=params.effect_order.copy(),
+        initial_params=params,
+    )

engine/pipeline/registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""
+Stage registry - Unified registration for all pipeline stages.
+
+Provides a single registry for sources, effects, displays, and cameras.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from engine.pipeline.core import Stage
+
+
+class StageRegistry:
+    """Unified registry for all pipeline stage types."""
+
+    _categories: dict[str, dict[str, type[Stage]]] = {}
+    _discovered: bool = False
+    _instances: dict[str, Stage] = {}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls, category: str, stage_class: type[Stage]) -> None:
+        """Register a stage class in a category.
+
+        Args:
+            category: Category name (source, effect, display, camera)
+            stage_class: Stage subclass to register
+        """
+        if category not in cls._categories:
+            cls._categories[category] = {}
+
+        # Use class name as key
+        key = getattr(stage_class, "__name__", stage_class.__class__.__name__)
+        cls._categories[category][key] = stage_class
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls, category: str, name: str) -> type[Stage] | None:
+        """Get a stage class by category and name."""
+        return cls._categories.get(category, {}).get(name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def list(cls, category: str) -> list[str]:
+        """List all stage names in a category."""
+        return list(cls._categories.get(category, {}).keys())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def list_categories(cls) -> list[str]:
+        """List all registered categories."""
+        return list(cls._categories.keys())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, category: str, name: str, **kwargs) -> Stage | None:
+        """Create a stage instance by category and name."""
+        stage_class = cls.get(category, name)
+        if stage_class:
+            return stage_class(**kwargs)
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_instance(cls, stage: Stage | type[Stage], **kwargs) -> Stage:
+        """Create an instance from a stage class or return as-is."""
+        if isinstance(stage, Stage):
+            return stage
+        if isinstance(stage, type) and issubclass(stage, Stage):
+            return stage(**kwargs)
+        raise TypeError(f"Expected Stage class or instance, got {type(stage)}")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register_instance(cls, name: str, stage: Stage) -> None:
+        """Register a stage instance by name."""
+        cls._instances[name] = stage
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_instance(cls, name: str) -> Stage | None:
+        """Get a registered stage instance by name."""
+        return cls._instances.get(name)
+
+
+def discover_stages() -> None:
+    """Auto-discover and register all stage implementations."""
+    if StageRegistry._discovered:
+        return
+
+    # Import and register all stage implementations
+    try:
+        from engine.sources_v2 import (
+            HeadlinesDataSource,
+            PipelineDataSource,
+            PoetryDataSource,
+        )
+
+        StageRegistry.register("source", HeadlinesDataSource)
+        StageRegistry.register("source", PoetryDataSource)
+        StageRegistry.register("source", PipelineDataSource)
+
+        StageRegistry._categories["source"]["headlines"] = HeadlinesDataSource
+        StageRegistry._categories["source"]["poetry"] = PoetryDataSource
+        StageRegistry._categories["source"]["pipeline"] = PipelineDataSource
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        from engine.effects.types import EffectPlugin  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    # Register display stages
+    _register_display_stages()
+
+    StageRegistry._discovered = True
+
+
+def _register_display_stages() -> None:
+    """Register display backends as stages."""
+    try:
+        from engine.display import DisplayRegistry
+    except ImportError:
+        return
+
+    DisplayRegistry.initialize()
+
+    for backend_name in DisplayRegistry.list_backends():
+        factory = _DisplayStageFactory(backend_name)
+        StageRegistry._categories.setdefault("display", {})[backend_name] = factory
+
+
+class _DisplayStageFactory:
+    """Factory that creates DisplayStage instances for a specific backend."""
+
+    def __init__(self, backend_name: str):
+        self._backend_name = backend_name
+
+    def __call__(self):
+        from engine.display import DisplayRegistry
+        from engine.pipeline.adapters import DisplayStage
+
+        display = DisplayRegistry.create(self._backend_name)
+        if display is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Failed to create display backend: {self._backend_name}"
+            )
+        return DisplayStage(display, name=self._backend_name)
+
+    @property
+    def __name__(self) -> str:
+        return self._backend_name.capitalize() + "Stage"
+
+
+# Convenience functions
+def register_source(stage_class: type[Stage]) -> None:
+    """Register a source stage."""
+    StageRegistry.register("source", stage_class)
+
+
+def register_effect(stage_class: type[Stage]) -> None:
+    """Register an effect stage."""
+    StageRegistry.register("effect", stage_class)
+
+
+def register_display(stage_class: type[Stage]) -> None:
+    """Register a display stage."""
+    StageRegistry.register("display", stage_class)
+
+
+def register_camera(stage_class: type[Stage]) -> None:
+    """Register a camera stage."""
+    StageRegistry.register("camera", stage_class)

engine/pipeline_viz.py

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+"""
+Pipeline visualization - Large animated network visualization with camera modes.
+"""
+
+import math
+
+NODE_NETWORK = {
+    "sources": [
+        {"id": "RSS", "label": "RSS FEEDS", "x": 20, "y": 20},
+        {"id": "POETRY", "label": "POETRY DB", "x": 100, "y": 20},
+        {"id": "NTFY", "label": "NTFY MSG", "x": 180, "y": 20},
+        {"id": "MIC", "label": "MICROPHONE", "x": 260, "y": 20},
+    ],
+    "fetch": [
+        {"id": "FETCH", "label": "FETCH LAYER", "x": 140, "y": 100},
+        {"id": "CACHE", "label": "CACHE", "x": 220, "y": 100},
+    ],
+    "scroll": [
+        {"id": "STREAM", "label": "STREAM CTRL", "x": 60, "y": 180},
+        {"id": "CAMERA", "label": "CAMERA", "x": 140, "y": 180},
+        {"id": "RENDER", "label": "RENDER", "x": 220, "y": 180},
+    ],
+    "effects": [
+        {"id": "NOISE", "label": "NOISE", "x": 20, "y": 260},
+        {"id": "FADE", "label": "FADE", "x": 80, "y": 260},
+        {"id": "GLITCH", "label": "GLITCH", "x": 140, "y": 260},
+        {"id": "FIRE", "label": "FIREHOSE", "x": 200, "y": 260},
+        {"id": "HUD", "label": "HUD", "x": 260, "y": 260},
+    ],
+    "display": [
+        {"id": "TERM", "label": "TERMINAL", "x": 20, "y": 340},
+        {"id": "WEB", "label": "WEBSOCKET", "x": 80, "y": 340},
+        {"id": "PYGAME", "label": "PYGAME", "x": 140, "y": 340},
+        {"id": "SIXEL", "label": "SIXEL", "x": 200, "y": 340},
+        {"id": "KITTY", "label": "KITTY", "x": 260, "y": 340},
+    ],
+}
+
+ALL_NODES = []
+for group_nodes in NODE_NETWORK.values():
+    ALL_NODES.extend(group_nodes)
+
+NETWORK_PATHS = [
+    ["RSS", "FETCH", "CACHE", "STREAM", "CAMERA", "RENDER", "NOISE", "TERM"],
+    ["POETRY", "FETCH", "CACHE", "STREAM", "CAMERA", "RENDER", "FADE", "WEB"],
+    ["NTFY", "FETCH", "CACHE", "STREAM", "CAMERA", "RENDER", "GLITCH", "PYGAME"],
+    ["MIC", "FETCH", "CACHE", "STREAM", "CAMERA", "RENDER", "FIRE", "SIXEL"],
+    ["RSS", "FETCH", "CACHE", "STREAM", "CAMERA", "RENDER", "HUD", "KITTY"],
+]
+
+GRID_WIDTH = 300
+GRID_HEIGHT = 400
+
+
+def get_node_by_id(node_id: str):
+    for node in ALL_NODES:
+        if node["id"] == node_id:
+            return node
+    return None
+
+
+def draw_network_to_grid(frame: int = 0) -> list[list[str]]:
+    grid = [[" " for _ in range(GRID_WIDTH)] for _ in range(GRID_HEIGHT)]
+
+    active_path_idx = (frame // 60) % len(NETWORK_PATHS)
+    active_path = NETWORK_PATHS[active_path_idx]
+
+    for node in ALL_NODES:
+        x, y = node["x"], node["y"]
+        label = node["label"]
+        is_active = node["id"] in active_path
+        is_highlight = node["id"] == active_path[(frame // 15) % len(active_path)]
+
+        node_w, node_h = 20, 7
+
+        for dy in range(node_h):
+            for dx in range(node_w):
+                gx, gy = x + dx, y + dy
+                if 0 <= gx < GRID_WIDTH and 0 <= gy < GRID_HEIGHT:
+                    if dy == 0:
+                        char = "┌" if dx == 0 else ("┐" if dx == node_w - 1 else "─")
+                    elif dy == node_h - 1:
+                        char = "└" if dx == 0 else ("┘" if dx == node_w - 1 else "─")
+                    elif dy == node_h // 2:
+                        if dx == 0 or dx == node_w - 1:
+                            char = "│"
+                        else:
+                            pad = (node_w - 2 - len(label)) // 2
+                            if dx - 1 == pad and len(label) <= node_w - 2:
+                                char = (
+                                    label[dx - 1 - pad]
+                                    if dx - 1 - pad < len(label)
+                                    else " "
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                char = " "
+                    else:
+                        char = "│" if dx == 0 or dx == node_w - 1 else " "
+
+                    if char.strip():
+                        if is_highlight:
+                            grid[gy][gx] = "\033[1;38;5;46m" + char + "\033[0m"
+                        elif is_active:
+                            grid[gy][gx] = "\033[1;38;5;220m" + char + "\033[0m"
+                        else:
+                            grid[gy][gx] = "\033[38;5;240m" + char + "\033[0m"
+
+    for i, node_id in enumerate(active_path[:-1]):
+        curr = get_node_by_id(node_id)
+        next_id = active_path[i + 1]
+        next_node = get_node_by_id(next_id)
+        if curr and next_node:
+            x1, y1 = curr["x"] + 7, curr["y"] + 2
+            x2, y2 = next_node["x"] + 7, next_node["y"] + 2
+
+            step = 1 if x2 >= x1 else -1
+            for x in range(x1, x2 + step, step):
+                if 0 <= x < GRID_WIDTH and 0 <= y1 < GRID_HEIGHT:
+                    grid[y1][x] = "\033[38;5;45m─\033[0m"
+
+            step = 1 if y2 >= y1 else -1
+            for y in range(y1, y2 + step, step):
+                if 0 <= x2 < GRID_WIDTH and 0 <= y < GRID_HEIGHT:
+                    grid[y][x2] = "\033[38;5;45m│\033[0m"
+
+    return grid
+
+
+class TraceCamera:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.x = 0
+        self.y = 0
+        self.target_x = 0
+        self.target_y = 0
+        self.current_node_idx = 0
+        self.path = []
+        self.frame = 0
+
+    def update(self, dt: float, frame: int = 0) -> None:
+        self.frame = frame
+        active_path = NETWORK_PATHS[(frame // 60) % len(NETWORK_PATHS)]
+
+        if self.path != active_path:
+            self.path = active_path
+            self.current_node_idx = 0
+
+        if self.current_node_idx < len(self.path):
+            node_id = self.path[self.current_node_idx]
+            node = get_node_by_id(node_id)
+            if node:
+                self.target_x = max(0, node["x"] - 40)
+                self.target_y = max(0, node["y"] - 10)
+
+            self.current_node_idx += 1
+
+        self.x += int((self.target_x - self.x) * 0.1)
+        self.y += int((self.target_y - self.y) * 0.1)
+
+
+class CameraLarge:
+    def __init__(self, viewport_w: int, viewport_h: int, frame: int):
+        self.viewport_w = viewport_w
+        self.viewport_h = viewport_h
+        self.frame = frame
+        self.x = 0
+        self.y = 0
+        self.mode = "trace"
+        self.trace_camera = TraceCamera()
+
+    def set_vertical_mode(self):
+        self.mode = "vertical"
+
+    def set_horizontal_mode(self):
+        self.mode = "horizontal"
+
+    def set_omni_mode(self):
+        self.mode = "omni"
+
+    def set_floating_mode(self):
+        self.mode = "floating"
+
+    def set_trace_mode(self):
+        self.mode = "trace"
+
+    def update(self, dt: float):
+        self.frame += 1
+
+        if self.mode == "vertical":
+            self.y = int((self.frame * 0.5) % (GRID_HEIGHT - self.viewport_h))
+        elif self.mode == "horizontal":
+            self.x = int((self.frame * 0.5) % (GRID_WIDTH - self.viewport_w))
+        elif self.mode == "omni":
+            self.x = int((self.frame * 0.3) % (GRID_WIDTH - self.viewport_w))
+            self.y = int((self.frame * 0.5) % (GRID_HEIGHT - self.viewport_h))
+        elif self.mode == "floating":
+            self.x = int(50 + math.sin(self.frame * 0.02) * 30)
+            self.y = int(50 + math.cos(self.frame * 0.015) * 30)
+        elif self.mode == "trace":
+            self.trace_camera.update(dt, self.frame)
+            self.x = self.trace_camera.x
+            self.y = self.trace_camera.y
+
+
+def generate_mermaid_graph(frame: int = 0) -> str:
+    effects = ["NOISE", "FADE", "GLITCH", "FIREHOSE"]
+    active_effect = effects[(frame // 30) % 4]
+
+    cam_modes = ["VERTICAL", "HORIZONTAL", "OMNI", "FLOATING", "TRACE"]
+    active_cam = cam_modes[(frame // 100) % 5]
+
+    return f"""graph LR
+    subgraph SOURCES
+        RSS[RSS Feeds]
+        Poetry[Poetry DB]
+        Ntfy[Ntfy Msg]
+        Mic[Microphone]
+    end
+
+    subgraph FETCH
+        Fetch(fetch_all)
+        Cache[(Cache)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph SCROLL
+        Scroll(StreamController)
+        Camera({active_cam})
+    end
+
+    subgraph EFFECTS
+        Noise[NOISE]
+        Fade[FADE]
+        Glitch[GLITCH]
+        Fire[FIREHOSE]
+        Hud[HUD]
+    end
+
+    subgraph DISPLAY
+        Term[Terminal]
+        Web[WebSocket]
+        Pygame[PyGame]
+        Sixel[Sixel]
+    end
+
+    RSS --> Fetch
+    Poetry --> Fetch
+    Ntfy --> Fetch
+    Fetch --> Cache
+    Cache --> Scroll
+    Scroll --> Noise
+    Scroll --> Fade
+    Scroll --> Glitch
+    Scroll --> Fire
+    Scroll --> Hud
+
+    Noise --> Term
+    Fade --> Web
+    Glitch --> Pygame
+    Fire --> Sixel
+
+    style {active_effect} fill:#90EE90
+    style Camera fill:#87CEEB
+"""
+
+
+def generate_network_pipeline(
+    width: int = 80, height: int = 24, frame: int = 0
+) -> list[str]:
+    try:
+        from engine.beautiful_mermaid import render_mermaid_ascii
+
+        mermaid_graph = generate_mermaid_graph(frame)
+        ascii_output = render_mermaid_ascii(mermaid_graph, padding_x=2, padding_y=1)
+
+        lines = ascii_output.split("\n")
+
+        result = []
+        for y in range(height):
+            if y < len(lines):
+                line = lines[y]
+                if len(line) < width:
+                    line = line + " " * (width - len(line))
+                elif len(line) > width:
+                    line = line[:width]
+                result.append(line)
+            else:
+                result.append(" " * width)
+
+        status_y = height - 2
+        if status_y < height:
+            fps = 60 - (frame % 15)
+
+            cam_modes = ["VERTICAL", "HORIZONTAL", "OMNI", "FLOATING", "TRACE"]
+            cam = cam_modes[(frame // 100) % 5]
+            effects = ["NOISE", "FADE", "GLITCH", "FIREHOSE"]
+            eff = effects[(frame // 30) % 4]
+
+            anim = "▓▒░ "[frame % 4]
+            status = f" FPS:{fps:3.0f} │ {anim} {eff} │ Cam:{cam}"
+            status = status[: width - 4].ljust(width - 4)
+            result[status_y] = "║ " + status + " ║"
+
+        if height > 0:
+            result[0] = "═" * width
+            result[height - 1] = "═" * width
+
+        return result
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        return [
+            f"Error: {e}" + " " * (width - len(f"Error: {e}")) for _ in range(height)
+        ]
+
+
+def generate_large_network_viewport(
+    viewport_w: int = 80, viewport_h: int = 24, frame: int = 0
+) -> list[str]:
+    cam_modes = ["VERTICAL", "HORIZONTAL", "OMNI", "FLOATING", "TRACE"]
+    camera_mode = cam_modes[(frame // 100) % 5]
+
+    camera = CameraLarge(viewport_w, viewport_h, frame)
+
+    if camera_mode == "TRACE":
+        camera.set_trace_mode()
+    elif camera_mode == "VERTICAL":
+        camera.set_vertical_mode()
+    elif camera_mode == "HORIZONTAL":
+        camera.set_horizontal_mode()
+    elif camera_mode == "OMNI":
+        camera.set_omni_mode()
+    elif camera_mode == "FLOATING":
+        camera.set_floating_mode()
+
+    camera.update(1 / 60)
+
+    grid = draw_network_to_grid(frame)
+
+    result = []
+    for vy in range(viewport_h):
+        line = ""
+        for vx in range(viewport_w):
+            gx = camera.x + vx
+            gy = camera.y + vy
+            if 0 <= gx < GRID_WIDTH and 0 <= gy < GRID_HEIGHT:
+                line += grid[gy][gx]
+            else:
+                line += " "
+        result.append(line)
+
+    fps = 60 - (frame % 15)
+
+    active_path = NETWORK_PATHS[(frame // 60) % len(NETWORK_PATHS)]
+    active_node = active_path[(frame // 15) % len(active_path)]
+
+    anim = "▓▒░ "[frame % 4]
+    status = f" FPS:{fps:3.0f} │ {anim} {camera_mode:9s} │ Node:{active_node}"
+    status = status[: viewport_w - 4].ljust(viewport_w - 4)
+    if viewport_h > 2:
+        result[viewport_h - 2] = "║ " + status + " ║"
+
+    if viewport_h > 0:
+        result[0] = "═" * viewport_w
+        result[viewport_h - 1] = "═" * viewport_w
+
+    return result

engine/render.py

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+"""
+OTF → terminal half-block rendering pipeline.
+Font loading, text rasterization, word-wrap, gradient coloring, headline block assembly.
+Depends on: config, terminal, sources, translate.
+"""
+
+import random
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.sources import NO_UPPER, SCRIPT_FONTS, SOURCE_LANGS
+from engine.terminal import RST
+from engine.translate import detect_location_language, translate_headline
+
+# ─── GRADIENT ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Left → right: white-hot leading edge fades to near-black
+GRAD_COLS = [
+    "\033[1;38;5;231m",  # white
+    "\033[1;38;5;195m",  # pale cyan-white
+    "\033[38;5;123m",  # bright cyan
+    "\033[38;5;118m",  # bright lime
+    "\033[38;5;82m",  # lime
+    "\033[38;5;46m",  # bright green
+    "\033[38;5;40m",  # green
+    "\033[38;5;34m",  # medium green
+    "\033[38;5;28m",  # dark green
+    "\033[38;5;22m",  # deep green
+    "\033[2;38;5;22m",  # dim deep green
+    "\033[2;38;5;235m",  # near black
+]
+
+# Complementary sweep for queue messages (opposite hue family from ticker greens)
+MSG_GRAD_COLS = [
+    "\033[1;38;5;231m",  # white
+    "\033[1;38;5;225m",  # pale pink-white
+    "\033[38;5;219m",  # bright pink
+    "\033[38;5;213m",  # hot pink
+    "\033[38;5;207m",  # magenta
+    "\033[38;5;201m",  # bright magenta
+    "\033[38;5;165m",  # orchid-red
+    "\033[38;5;161m",  # ruby-magenta
+    "\033[38;5;125m",  # dark magenta
+    "\033[38;5;89m",  # deep maroon-magenta
+    "\033[2;38;5;89m",  # dim deep maroon-magenta
+    "\033[2;38;5;235m",  # near black
+]
+
+# ─── FONT LOADING ─────────────────────────────────────────
+_FONT_OBJ = None
+_FONT_OBJ_KEY = None
+_FONT_CACHE = {}
+
+
+def font():
+    """Lazy-load the primary OTF font (path + face index aware)."""
+    global _FONT_OBJ, _FONT_OBJ_KEY
+    if not config.FONT_PATH:
+        raise FileNotFoundError(
+            f"No primary font selected. Add .otf/.ttf/.ttc files to {config.FONT_DIR}."
+        )
+    key = (config.FONT_PATH, config.FONT_INDEX, config.FONT_SZ)
+    if _FONT_OBJ is None or key != _FONT_OBJ_KEY:
+        _FONT_OBJ = ImageFont.truetype(
+            config.FONT_PATH, config.FONT_SZ, index=config.FONT_INDEX
+        )
+        _FONT_OBJ_KEY = key
+    return _FONT_OBJ
+
+
+def clear_font_cache():
+    """Reset cached font objects after changing primary font selection."""
+    global _FONT_OBJ, _FONT_OBJ_KEY
+    _FONT_OBJ = None
+    _FONT_OBJ_KEY = None
+
+
+def load_font_face(font_path, font_index=0, size=None):
+    """Load a specific face from a font file or collection."""
+    font_size = size or config.FONT_SZ
+    return ImageFont.truetype(font_path, font_size, index=font_index)
+
+
+def list_font_faces(font_path, max_faces=64):
+    """Return discoverable face indexes + display names from a font file."""
+    faces = []
+    for idx in range(max_faces):
+        try:
+            fnt = load_font_face(font_path, idx)
+        except Exception:
+            if idx == 0:
+                raise
+            break
+        family, style = fnt.getname()
+        display = f"{family} {style}".strip()
+        if not display:
+            display = f"{Path(font_path).stem} [{idx}]"
+        faces.append({"index": idx, "name": display})
+    return faces
+
+
+def font_for_lang(lang=None):
+    """Get appropriate font for a language."""
+    if lang is None or lang not in SCRIPT_FONTS:
+        return font()
+    if lang not in _FONT_CACHE:
+        try:
+            _FONT_CACHE[lang] = ImageFont.truetype(SCRIPT_FONTS[lang], config.FONT_SZ)
+        except Exception:
+            _FONT_CACHE[lang] = font()
+    return _FONT_CACHE[lang]
+
+
+# ─── RASTERIZATION ────────────────────────────────────────
+def render_line(text, fnt=None):
+    """Render a line of text as terminal rows using OTF font + half-blocks."""
+    if fnt is None:
+        fnt = font()
+    bbox = fnt.getbbox(text)
+    if not bbox or bbox[2] <= bbox[0]:
+        return [""]
+    pad = 4
+    img_w = bbox[2] - bbox[0] + pad * 2
+    img_h = bbox[3] - bbox[1] + pad * 2
+    img = Image.new("L", (img_w, img_h), 0)
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+    draw.text((-bbox[0] + pad, -bbox[1] + pad), text, fill=255, font=fnt)
+    pix_h = config.RENDER_H * 2
+    hi_h = pix_h * config.SSAA
+    scale = hi_h / max(img_h, 1)
+    new_w_hi = max(1, int(img_w * scale))
+    img = img.resize((new_w_hi, hi_h), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
+    new_w = max(1, int(new_w_hi / config.SSAA))
+    img = img.resize((new_w, pix_h), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
+    data = img.tobytes()
+    thr = 80
+    rows = []
+    for y in range(0, pix_h, 2):
+        row = []
+        for x in range(new_w):
+            top = data[y * new_w + x] > thr
+            bot = data[(y + 1) * new_w + x] > thr if y + 1 < pix_h else False
+            if top and bot:
+                row.append("█")
+            elif top:
+                row.append("▀")
+            elif bot:
+                row.append("▄")
+            else:
+                row.append(" ")
+        rows.append("".join(row))
+    while rows and not rows[-1].strip():
+        rows.pop()
+    while rows and not rows[0].strip():
+        rows.pop(0)
+    return rows if rows else [""]
+
+
+def big_wrap(text, max_w, fnt=None):
+    """Word-wrap text and render with OTF font."""
+    if fnt is None:
+        fnt = font()
+    words = text.split()
+    lines, cur = [], ""
+    for word in words:
+        test = f"{cur} {word}".strip() if cur else word
+        bbox = fnt.getbbox(test)
+        if bbox:
+            img_h = bbox[3] - bbox[1] + 8
+            pix_h = config.RENDER_H * 2
+            scale = pix_h / max(img_h, 1)
+            term_w = int((bbox[2] - bbox[0] + 8) * scale)
+        else:
+            term_w = 0
+        if term_w > max_w - 4 and cur:
+            lines.append(cur)
+            cur = word
+        else:
+            cur = test
+    if cur:
+        lines.append(cur)
+    out = []
+    for i, ln in enumerate(lines):
+        out.extend(render_line(ln, fnt))
+        if i < len(lines) - 1:
+            out.append("")
+    return out
+
+
+def lr_gradient(rows, offset=0.0, grad_cols=None):
+    """Color each non-space block character with a shifting left-to-right gradient."""
+    cols = grad_cols or GRAD_COLS
+    n = len(cols)
+    max_x = max((len(r.rstrip()) for r in rows if r.strip()), default=1)
+    out = []
+    for row in rows:
+        if not row.strip():
+            out.append(row)
+            continue
+        buf = []
+        for x, ch in enumerate(row):
+            if ch == " ":
+                buf.append(" ")
+            else:
+                shifted = (x / max(max_x - 1, 1) + offset) % 1.0
+                idx = min(round(shifted * (n - 1)), n - 1)
+                buf.append(f"{cols[idx]}{ch}{RST}")
+        out.append("".join(buf))
+    return out
+
+
+def lr_gradient_opposite(rows, offset=0.0):
+    """Complementary (opposite wheel) gradient used for queue message panels."""
+    return lr_gradient(rows, offset, MSG_GRAD_COLS)
+
+
+# ─── HEADLINE BLOCK ASSEMBLY ─────────────────────────────
+def make_block(title, src, ts, w):
+    """Render a headline into a content block with color."""
+    target_lang = (
+        (SOURCE_LANGS.get(src) or detect_location_language(title))
+        if config.MODE == "news"
+        else None
+    )
+    lang_font = font_for_lang(target_lang)
+    if target_lang:
+        title = translate_headline(title, target_lang)
+    # Don't uppercase scripts that have no case (CJK, Arabic, etc.)
+    if target_lang and target_lang in NO_UPPER:
+        title_up = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", title)
+    else:
+        title_up = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", title.upper())
+    for old, new in [
+        ("\u2019", "'"),
+        ("\u2018", "'"),
+        ("\u201c", '"'),
+        ("\u201d", '"'),
+        ("\u2013", "-"),
+        ("\u2014", "-"),
+    ]:
+        title_up = title_up.replace(old, new)
+    big_rows = big_wrap(title_up, w - 4, lang_font)
+    hc = random.choice(
+        [
+            "\033[38;5;46m",  # matrix green
+            "\033[38;5;34m",  # dark green
+            "\033[38;5;82m",  # lime
+            "\033[38;5;48m",  # sea green
+            "\033[38;5;37m",  # teal
+            "\033[38;5;44m",  # cyan
+            "\033[38;5;87m",  # sky
+            "\033[38;5;117m",  # ice blue
+            "\033[38;5;250m",  # cool white
+            "\033[38;5;156m",  # pale green
+            "\033[38;5;120m",  # mint
+            "\033[38;5;80m",  # dark cyan
+            "\033[38;5;108m",  # grey-green
+            "\033[38;5;115m",  # sage
+            "\033[1;38;5;46m",  # bold green
+            "\033[1;38;5;250m",  # bold white
+        ]
+    )
+    content = ["  " + r for r in big_rows]
+    content.append("")
+    meta = f"\u2591 {src} \u00b7 {ts}"
+    content.append(" " * max(2, w - len(meta) - 2) + meta)
+    return content, hc, len(content) - 1  # (rows, color, meta_row_index)

engine/scroll.py

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+"""
+Render engine — ticker content, scroll motion, message panel, and firehose overlay.
+Orchestrates viewport, frame timing, and layers.
+"""
+
+import random
+import time
+
+from engine import config
+from engine.camera import Camera
+from engine.display import (
+    Display,
+    TerminalDisplay,
+)
+from engine.display import (
+    get_monitor as _get_display_monitor,
+)
+from engine.frame import calculate_scroll_step
+from engine.layers import (
+    apply_glitch,
+    process_effects,
+    render_firehose,
+    render_message_overlay,
+    render_ticker_zone,
+)
+from engine.viewport import th, tw
+
+USE_EFFECT_CHAIN = True
+
+
+def stream(
+    items,
+    ntfy_poller,
+    mic_monitor,
+    display: Display | None = None,
+    camera: Camera | None = None,
+):
+    """Main render loop with four layers: message, ticker, scroll motion, firehose."""
+    if display is None:
+        display = TerminalDisplay()
+    if camera is None:
+        camera = Camera.vertical()
+
+    random.shuffle(items)
+    pool = list(items)
+    seen = set()
+    queued = 0
+
+    time.sleep(0.5)
+    w, h = tw(), th()
+    display.init(w, h)
+    display.clear()
+    fh = config.FIREHOSE_H if config.FIREHOSE else 0
+    ticker_view_h = h - fh
+    GAP = 3
+    scroll_step_interval = calculate_scroll_step(config.SCROLL_DUR, ticker_view_h)
+
+    active = []
+    ticker_next_y = ticker_view_h
+    noise_cache = {}
+    scroll_motion_accum = 0.0
+    msg_cache = (None, None)
+    frame_number = 0
+
+    while True:
+        if queued >= config.HEADLINE_LIMIT and not active:
+            break
+
+        t0 = time.monotonic()
+        w, h = tw(), th()
+        fh = config.FIREHOSE_H if config.FIREHOSE else 0
+        ticker_view_h = h - fh
+        scroll_step_interval = calculate_scroll_step(config.SCROLL_DUR, ticker_view_h)
+
+        msg = ntfy_poller.get_active_message()
+        msg_overlay, msg_cache = render_message_overlay(msg, w, h, msg_cache)
+
+        buf = []
+        ticker_h = ticker_view_h
+
+        scroll_motion_accum += config.FRAME_DT
+        while scroll_motion_accum >= scroll_step_interval:
+            scroll_motion_accum -= scroll_step_interval
+            camera.update(config.FRAME_DT)
+
+            while (
+                ticker_next_y < camera.y + ticker_view_h + 10
+                and queued < config.HEADLINE_LIMIT
+            ):
+                from engine.effects import next_headline
+                from engine.render import make_block
+
+                t, src, ts = next_headline(pool, items, seen)
+                ticker_content, hc, midx = make_block(t, src, ts, w)
+                active.append((ticker_content, hc, ticker_next_y, midx))
+                ticker_next_y += len(ticker_content) + GAP
+                queued += 1
+
+            active = [
+                (c, hc, by, mi) for c, hc, by, mi in active if by + len(c) > camera.y
+            ]
+            for k in list(noise_cache):
+                if k < camera.y:
+                    del noise_cache[k]
+
+        grad_offset = (time.monotonic() * config.GRAD_SPEED) % 1.0
+        ticker_buf_start = len(buf)
+
+        ticker_buf, noise_cache = render_ticker_zone(
+            active, camera.y, camera.x, ticker_h, w, noise_cache, grad_offset
+        )
+        buf.extend(ticker_buf)
+
+        mic_excess = mic_monitor.excess
+        render_start = time.perf_counter()
+
+        if USE_EFFECT_CHAIN:
+            buf = process_effects(
+                buf,
+                w,
+                h,
+                camera.y,
+                ticker_h,
+                camera.x,
+                mic_excess,
+                grad_offset,
+                frame_number,
+                msg is not None,
+                items,
+            )
+        else:
+            buf = apply_glitch(buf, ticker_buf_start, mic_excess, w)
+            firehose_buf = render_firehose(items, w, fh, h)
+            buf.extend(firehose_buf)
+
+        if msg_overlay:
+            buf.extend(msg_overlay)
+
+        render_elapsed = (time.perf_counter() - render_start) * 1000
+        monitor = _get_display_monitor()
+        if monitor:
+            chars = sum(len(line) for line in buf)
+            monitor.record_effect("render", render_elapsed, chars, chars)
+
+        display.show(buf)
+
+        elapsed = time.monotonic() - t0
+        time.sleep(max(0, config.FRAME_DT - elapsed))
+        frame_number += 1
+
+    display.cleanup()

engine/sources.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""
+Data sources: feed URLs, poetry sources, language mappings, script fonts.
+Pure data — no logic, no dependencies.
+"""
+
+# ─── RSS FEEDS ────────────────────────────────────────────
+FEEDS = {
+    # Science & Technology
+    "Nature": "https://www.nature.com/nature.rss",
+    "Science Daily": "https://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/all.xml",
+    "Phys.org": "https://phys.org/rss-feed/",
+    "NASA": "https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/feed/",
+    "Ars Technica": "https://feeds.arstechnica.com/arstechnica/index",
+    "New Scientist": "https://www.newscientist.com/section/news/feed/",
+    "Quanta": "https://api.quantamagazine.org/feed/",
+    "BBC Science": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/science_and_environment/rss.xml",
+    "MIT Tech Review": "https://www.technologyreview.com/feed/",
+    # Economics & Business
+    "BBC Business": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/business/rss.xml",
+    "MarketWatch": "https://feeds.marketwatch.com/marketwatch/topstories/",
+    "Economist": "https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/rss.xml",
+    # World & Politics
+    "BBC World": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/world/rss.xml",
+    "NPR": "https://feeds.npr.org/1001/rss.xml",
+    "Al Jazeera": "https://www.aljazeera.com/xml/rss/all.xml",
+    "Guardian World": "https://www.theguardian.com/world/rss",
+    "DW": "https://rss.dw.com/rdf/rss-en-all",
+    "France24": "https://www.france24.com/en/rss",
+    "ABC Australia": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/feed/2942460/rss.xml",
+    "Japan Times": "https://www.japantimes.co.jp/feed/",
+    "The Hindu": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/feeder/default.rss",
+    "SCMP": "https://www.scmp.com/rss/91/feed",
+    "Der Spiegel": "https://www.spiegel.de/international/index.rss",
+    # Culture & Ideas
+    "Guardian Culture": "https://www.theguardian.com/culture/rss",
+    "Aeon": "https://aeon.co/feed.rss",
+    "Smithsonian": "https://www.smithsonianmag.com/rss/latest_articles/",
+    "The Marginalian": "https://www.themarginalian.org/feed/",
+    "Nautilus": "https://nautil.us/feed/",
+    "Wired": "https://www.wired.com/feed/rss",
+    "The Conversation": "https://theconversation.com/us/articles.atom",
+    "Longreads": "https://longreads.com/feed/",
+    "Literary Hub": "https://lithub.com/feed/",
+    "Atlas Obscura": "https://www.atlasobscura.com/feeds/latest",
+}
+
+# ─── POETRY / LITERATURE ─────────────────────────────────
+# Public domain via Project Gutenberg
+POETRY_SOURCES = {
+    "Whitman": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1322/pg1322.txt",
+    "Dickinson": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/12242/pg12242.txt",
+    "Whitman II": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8388/pg8388.txt",
+    "Rilke": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/38594/pg38594.txt",
+    "Pound": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/41162/pg41162.txt",
+    "Pound II": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/51992/pg51992.txt",
+    "Eliot": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1567/pg1567.txt",
+    "Yeats": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/38877/pg38877.txt",
+    "Masters": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1280/pg1280.txt",
+    "Baudelaire": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/36098/pg36098.txt",
+    "Crane": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/40786/pg40786.txt",
+    "Poe": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/10031/pg10031.txt",
+}
+
+# ─── SOURCE → LANGUAGE MAPPING ───────────────────────────
+# Headlines from these outlets render in their cultural home language
+SOURCE_LANGS = {
+    "Der Spiegel": "de",
+    "DW": "de",
+    "France24": "fr",
+    "Japan Times": "ja",
+    "The Hindu": "hi",
+    "SCMP": "zh-cn",
+    "Al Jazeera": "ar",
+}
+
+# ─── LOCATION → LANGUAGE ─────────────────────────────────
+LOCATION_LANGS = {
+    r"\b(?:china|chinese|beijing|shanghai|hong kong|xi jinping)\b": "zh-cn",
+    r"\b(?:japan|japanese|tokyo|osaka|kishida)\b": "ja",
+    r"\b(?:korea|korean|seoul|pyongyang)\b": "ko",
+    r"\b(?:russia|russian|moscow|kremlin|putin)\b": "ru",
+    r"\b(?:saudi|dubai|qatar|egypt|cairo|arabic)\b": "ar",
+    r"\b(?:india|indian|delhi|mumbai|modi)\b": "hi",
+    r"\b(?:germany|german|berlin|munich|scholz)\b": "de",
+    r"\b(?:france|french|paris|lyon|macron)\b": "fr",
+    r"\b(?:spain|spanish|madrid)\b": "es",
+    r"\b(?:italy|italian|rome|milan|meloni)\b": "it",
+    r"\b(?:portugal|portuguese|lisbon)\b": "pt",
+    r"\b(?:brazil|brazilian|são paulo|lula)\b": "pt",
+    r"\b(?:greece|greek|athens)\b": "el",
+    r"\b(?:turkey|turkish|istanbul|ankara|erdogan)\b": "tr",
+    r"\b(?:iran|iranian|tehran)\b": "fa",
+    r"\b(?:thailand|thai|bangkok)\b": "th",
+    r"\b(?:vietnam|vietnamese|hanoi)\b": "vi",
+    r"\b(?:ukraine|ukrainian|kyiv|kiev|zelensky)\b": "uk",
+    r"\b(?:israel|israeli|jerusalem|tel aviv|netanyahu)\b": "he",
+}
+
+# ─── NON-LATIN SCRIPT FONTS (macOS) ──────────────────────
+SCRIPT_FONTS = {
+    "zh-cn": "/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Medium.ttc",
+    "ja": "/System/Library/Fonts/ヒラギノ角ゴシック W9.ttc",
+    "ko": "/System/Library/Fonts/AppleSDGothicNeo.ttc",
+    "ru": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+    "uk": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+    "el": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+    "he": "/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf",
+    "ar": "/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc",
+    "fa": "/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc",
+    "hi": "/System/Library/Fonts/Kohinoor.ttc",
+    "th": "/System/Library/Fonts/ThonburiUI.ttc",
+}
+
+# Scripts that have no uppercase
+NO_UPPER = {"zh-cn", "ja", "ko", "ar", "fa", "hi", "th", "he"}

engine/sources_v2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+"""
+Data source abstraction - Treat data sources as first-class citizens in the pipeline.
+
+Each data source implements a common interface:
+- name: Display name for the source
+- fetch(): Fetch fresh data
+- stream(): Stream data continuously (optional)
+- get_items(): Get current items
+"""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SourceItem:
+    """A single item from a data source."""
+
+    content: str
+    source: str
+    timestamp: str
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+
+
+class DataSource(ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for data sources.
+
+    Static sources: Data fetched once and cached. Safe to call fetch() multiple times.
+    Dynamic sources: Data changes over time. fetch() should be idempotent.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """Display name for this source."""
+        ...
+
+    @property
+    def is_dynamic(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this source updates dynamically while the app runs. Default False."""
+        return False
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        """Fetch fresh data from the source. Must be idempotent."""
+        ...
+
+    def get_items(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        """Get current items. Default implementation returns cached fetch results."""
+        if not hasattr(self, "_items") or self._items is None:
+            self._items = self.fetch()
+        return self._items
+
+    def refresh(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        """Force refresh - clear cache and fetch fresh data."""
+        self._items = self.fetch()
+        return self._items
+
+    def stream(self):
+        """Optional: Yield items continuously. Override for streaming sources."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        self._items: list[SourceItem] | None = None
+
+
+class HeadlinesDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source for RSS feed headlines."""
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "headlines"
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        from engine.fetch import fetch_all
+
+        items, _, _ = fetch_all()
+        return [SourceItem(content=t, source=s, timestamp=ts) for t, s, ts in items]
+
+
+class PoetryDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source for Poetry DB."""
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "poetry"
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        from engine.fetch import fetch_poetry
+
+        items, _, _ = fetch_poetry()
+        return [SourceItem(content=t, source=s, timestamp=ts) for t, s, ts in items]
+
+
+class PipelineDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source for pipeline visualization (demo mode). Dynamic - updates every frame."""
+
+    def __init__(self, viewport_width: int = 80, viewport_height: int = 24):
+        self.viewport_width = viewport_width
+        self.viewport_height = viewport_height
+        self.frame = 0
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "pipeline"
+
+    @property
+    def is_dynamic(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        from engine.pipeline_viz import generate_large_network_viewport
+
+        buffer = generate_large_network_viewport(
+            self.viewport_width, self.viewport_height, self.frame
+        )
+        self.frame += 1
+        content = "\n".join(buffer)
+        return [
+            SourceItem(content=content, source="pipeline", timestamp=f"f{self.frame}")
+        ]
+
+    def get_items(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        return self.fetch()
+
+
+class MetricsDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source that renders live pipeline metrics as ASCII art.
+
+    Wraps a Pipeline and displays active stages with their average execution
+    time and approximate FPS impact. Updates lazily when camera is about to
+    focus on a new node (frame % 15 == 12).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pipeline: Any,
+        viewport_width: int = 80,
+        viewport_height: int = 24,
+    ):
+        self.pipeline = pipeline
+        self.viewport_width = viewport_width
+        self.viewport_height = viewport_height
+        self.frame = 0
+        self._cached_metrics: dict | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "metrics"
+
+    @property
+    def is_dynamic(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        if self.frame % 15 == 12:
+            self._cached_metrics = None
+
+        if self._cached_metrics is None:
+            self._cached_metrics = self._fetch_metrics()
+
+        buffer = self._render_metrics(self._cached_metrics)
+        self.frame += 1
+        content = "\n".join(buffer)
+        return [
+            SourceItem(content=content, source="metrics", timestamp=f"f{self.frame}")
+        ]
+
+    def _fetch_metrics(self) -> dict:
+        if hasattr(self.pipeline, "get_metrics_summary"):
+            metrics = self.pipeline.get_metrics_summary()
+            if "error" not in metrics:
+                return metrics
+        return {"stages": {}, "pipeline": {"avg_ms": 0}}
+
+    def _render_metrics(self, metrics: dict) -> list[str]:
+        stages = metrics.get("stages", {})
+
+        if not stages:
+            return self._render_empty()
+
+        active_stages = {
+            name: stats for name, stats in stages.items() if stats.get("avg_ms", 0) > 0
+        }
+
+        if not active_stages:
+            return self._render_empty()
+
+        total_avg = sum(s["avg_ms"] for s in active_stages.values())
+        if total_avg == 0:
+            total_avg = 1
+
+        lines: list[str] = []
+        lines.append("═" * self.viewport_width)
+        lines.append(" PIPELINE METRICS ".center(self.viewport_width, "─"))
+        lines.append("─" * self.viewport_width)
+
+        header = f"{'STAGE':<20} {'AVG_MS':>8} {'FPS %':>8}"
+        lines.append(header)
+        lines.append("─" * self.viewport_width)
+
+        for name, stats in sorted(active_stages.items()):
+            avg_ms = stats.get("avg_ms", 0)
+            fps_impact = (avg_ms / 16.67) * 100 if avg_ms > 0 else 0
+
+            row = f"{name:<20} {avg_ms:>7.2f} {fps_impact:>7.1f}%"
+            lines.append(row[: self.viewport_width])
+
+        lines.append("─" * self.viewport_width)
+        total_row = (
+            f"{'TOTAL':<20} {total_avg:>7.2f} {(total_avg / 16.67) * 100:>7.1f}%"
+        )
+        lines.append(total_row[: self.viewport_width])
+        lines.append("─" * self.viewport_width)
+        lines.append(
+            f" Frame:{self.frame:04d}  Cache:{'HIT' if self._cached_metrics else 'MISS'}"
+        )
+
+        while len(lines) < self.viewport_height:
+            lines.append(" " * self.viewport_width)
+
+        return lines[: self.viewport_height]
+
+    def _render_empty(self) -> list[str]:
+        lines = [" " * self.viewport_width for _ in range(self.viewport_height)]
+        msg = "No metrics available"
+        y = self.viewport_height // 2
+        x = (self.viewport_width - len(msg)) // 2
+        lines[y] = " " * x + msg + " " * (self.viewport_width - x - len(msg))
+        return lines
+
+    def get_items(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        return self.fetch()
+
+
+class CachedDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source that wraps another source with caching."""
+
+    def __init__(self, source: DataSource, max_items: int = 100):
+        self.source = source
+        self.max_items = max_items
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return f"cached:{self.source.name}"
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        items = self.source.fetch()
+        return items[: self.max_items]
+
+    def get_items(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_items") or self._items is None:
+            self._items = self.fetch()
+        return self._items
+
+
+class TransformDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source that transforms items from another source.
+
+    Applies optional filter and map functions to each item.
+    This enables chaining: source → transform → transformed output.
+
+    Args:
+        source: The source to fetch items from
+        filter_fn: Optional function(item: SourceItem) -> bool
+        map_fn: Optional function(item: SourceItem) -> SourceItem
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        source: DataSource,
+        filter_fn: Callable[[SourceItem], bool] | None = None,
+        map_fn: Callable[[SourceItem], SourceItem] | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.source = source
+        self.filter_fn = filter_fn
+        self.map_fn = map_fn
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return f"transform:{self.source.name}"
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        items = self.source.fetch()
+
+        if self.filter_fn:
+            items = [item for item in items if self.filter_fn(item)]
+
+        if self.map_fn:
+            items = [self.map_fn(item) for item in items]
+
+        return items
+
+
+class CompositeDataSource(DataSource):
+    """Data source that combines multiple sources."""
+
+    def __init__(self, sources: list[DataSource]):
+        self.sources = sources
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "composite"
+
+    def fetch(self) -> list[SourceItem]:
+        items = []
+        for source in self.sources:
+            items.extend(source.fetch())
+        return items
+
+
+class SourceRegistry:
+    """Registry for data sources."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._sources: dict[str, DataSource] = {}
+        self._default: str | None = None
+
+    def register(self, source: DataSource, default: bool = False) -> None:
+        self._sources[source.name] = source
+        if default or self._default is None:
+            self._default = source.name
+
+    def get(self, name: str) -> DataSource | None:
+        return self._sources.get(name)
+
+    def list_all(self) -> dict[str, DataSource]:
+        return dict(self._sources)
+
+    def default(self) -> DataSource | None:
+        if self._default:
+            return self._sources.get(self._default)
+        return None
+
+    def create_headlines(self) -> HeadlinesDataSource:
+        return HeadlinesDataSource()
+
+    def create_poetry(self) -> PoetryDataSource:
+        return PoetryDataSource()
+
+    def create_pipeline(self, width: int = 80, height: int = 24) -> PipelineDataSource:
+        return PipelineDataSource(width, height)
+
+
+_global_registry: SourceRegistry | None = None
+
+
+def get_source_registry() -> SourceRegistry:
+    global _global_registry
+    if _global_registry is None:
+        _global_registry = SourceRegistry()
+    return _global_registry
+
+
+def init_default_sources() -> SourceRegistry:
+    """Initialize the default source registry with standard sources."""
+    registry = get_source_registry()
+    registry.register(HeadlinesDataSource(), default=True)
+    registry.register(PoetryDataSource())
+    return registry

engine/terminal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""
+ANSI escape codes, terminal size helpers, and text output primitives.
+No internal dependencies.
+"""
+
+import os
+import random
+import sys
+import time
+
+# ─── ANSI ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+RST = "\033[0m"
+BOLD = "\033[1m"
+DIM = "\033[2m"
+# Matrix greens
+G_HI = "\033[38;5;46m"
+G_MID = "\033[38;5;34m"
+G_LO = "\033[38;5;22m"
+G_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;34m"
+# THX-1138 sterile tones
+W_COOL = "\033[38;5;250m"
+W_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;245m"
+W_GHOST = "\033[2;38;5;238m"
+C_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;37m"
+# Terminal control
+CLR = "\033[2J\033[H"
+CURSOR_OFF = "\033[?25l"
+CURSOR_ON = "\033[?25h"
+
+
+# ─── TERMINAL SIZE ────────────────────────────────────────
+def tw():
+    try:
+        return os.get_terminal_size().columns
+    except Exception:
+        return 80
+
+
+def th():
+    try:
+        return os.get_terminal_size().lines
+    except Exception:
+        return 24
+
+
+# ─── TEXT OUTPUT ──────────────────────────────────────────
+def type_out(text, color=G_HI):
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(text):
+        if random.random() < 0.3:
+            b = random.randint(2, 5)
+            sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{text[i : i + b]}{RST}")
+            i += b
+        else:
+            sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{text[i]}{RST}")
+            i += 1
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        time.sleep(random.uniform(0.004, 0.018))
+
+
+def slow_print(text, color=G_DIM, delay=0.015):
+    for ch in text:
+        sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{ch}{RST}")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        time.sleep(delay)
+
+
+def boot_ln(label, status, ok=True):
+    dots = max(3, min(30, tw() - len(label) - len(status) - 8))
+    sys.stdout.write(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {W_DIM}{label} ")
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+    for _ in range(dots):
+        sys.stdout.write(f"{G_LO}.")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        time.sleep(random.uniform(0.006, 0.025))
+    c = G_MID if ok else "\033[2;38;5;196m"
+    print(f" {c}{status}{RST}")
+    time.sleep(random.uniform(0.02, 0.1))

engine/translate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+Google Translate wrapper and location→language detection.
+Depends on: sources (for LOCATION_LANGS).
+"""
+
+import json
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+from engine.sources import LOCATION_LANGS
+
+TRANSLATE_CACHE_SIZE = 500
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=TRANSLATE_CACHE_SIZE)
+def _translate_cached(title: str, target_lang: str) -> str:
+    """Cached translation implementation."""
+    try:
+        q = urllib.parse.quote(title)
+        url = (
+            "https://translate.googleapis.com/translate_a/single"
+            f"?client=gtx&sl=en&tl={target_lang}&dt=t&q={q}"
+        )
+        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
+        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
+        data = json.loads(resp.read())
+        result = "".join(p[0] for p in data[0] if p[0]) or title
+    except Exception:
+        result = title
+    return result
+
+
+def detect_location_language(title):
+    """Detect if headline mentions a location, return target language."""
+    title_lower = title.lower()
+    for pattern, lang in LOCATION_LANGS.items():
+        if re.search(pattern, title_lower):
+            return lang
+    return None
+
+
+def translate_headline(title: str, target_lang: str) -> str:
+    """Translate headline via Google Translate API (zero dependencies)."""
+    return _translate_cached(title, target_lang)

engine/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""
+Shared dataclasses for the mainline application.
+Provides named types for tuple returns across modules.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HeadlineItem:
+    """A single headline item: title, source, and timestamp."""
+
+    title: str
+    source: str
+    timestamp: str
+
+    def to_tuple(self) -> tuple[str, str, str]:
+        """Convert to tuple for backward compatibility."""
+        return (self.title, self.source, self.timestamp)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_tuple(cls, t: tuple[str, str, str]) -> "HeadlineItem":
+        """Create from tuple for backward compatibility."""
+        return cls(title=t[0], source=t[1], timestamp=t[2])
+
+
+def items_to_tuples(items: list[HeadlineItem]) -> list[tuple[str, str, str]]:
+    """Convert list of HeadlineItem to list of tuples."""
+    return [item.to_tuple() for item in items]
+
+
+def tuples_to_items(tuples: list[tuple[str, str, str]]) -> list[HeadlineItem]:
+    """Convert list of tuples to list of HeadlineItem."""
+    return [HeadlineItem.from_tuple(t) for t in tuples]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FetchResult:
+    """Result from fetch_all() or fetch_poetry()."""
+
+    items: list[HeadlineItem]
+    linked: int
+    failed: int
+
+    def to_legacy_tuple(self) -> tuple[list[tuple], int, int]:
+        """Convert to legacy tuple format for backward compatibility."""
+        return ([item.to_tuple() for item in self.items], self.linked, self.failed)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Block:
+    """Rendered headline block from make_block()."""
+
+    content: list[str]
+    color: str
+    meta_row_index: int
+
+    def to_legacy_tuple(self) -> tuple[list[str], str, int]:
+        """Convert to legacy tuple format for backward compatibility."""
+        return (self.content, self.color, self.meta_row_index)

engine/viewport.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""
+Viewport utilities — terminal dimensions and ANSI positioning helpers.
+No internal dependencies.
+"""
+
+import os
+
+
+def tw() -> int:
+    """Get terminal width (columns)."""
+    try:
+        return os.get_terminal_size().columns
+    except Exception:
+        return 80
+
+
+def th() -> int:
+    """Get terminal height (lines)."""
+    try:
+        return os.get_terminal_size().lines
+    except Exception:
+        return 24
+
+
+def move_to(row: int, col: int = 1) -> str:
+    """Generate ANSI escape to move cursor to row, col (1-indexed)."""
+    return f"\033[{row};{col}H"
+
+
+def clear_screen() -> str:
+    """Clear screen and move cursor to home."""
+    return "\033[2J\033[H"
+
+
+def clear_line() -> str:
+    """Clear current line."""
+    return "\033[K"

hk.pkl

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+amends "package://github.com/jdx/hk/releases/download/v1.38.0/hk@1.38.0#/Config.pkl"
+import "package://github.com/jdx/hk/releases/download/v1.38.0/hk@1.38.0#/Builtins.pkl"
+
+hooks {
+    ["pre-commit"] {
+        fix = true
+        stash = "git"
+        steps {
+            ["ruff-format"] = (Builtins.ruff_format) {
+                prefix = "uv run"
+            }
+            ["ruff"] = (Builtins.ruff) {
+                prefix = "uv run"
+                check = "ruff check engine/ tests/"
+                fix = "ruff check --fix --unsafe-fixes engine/ tests/"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    ["pre-push"] {
+        steps {
+            ["ruff"] = (Builtins.ruff) {
+                prefix = "uv run"
+                check = "ruff check engine/ tests/"
+            }
+            ["benchmark"] {
+                check = "uv run python -m engine.benchmark --hook --displays null --iterations 20"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

kitty_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script for Kitty graphics display."""
+
+import sys
+
+
+def test_kitty_simple():
+    """Test simple Kitty graphics output with embedded PNG."""
+    import base64
+
+    # Minimal 1x1 red pixel PNG (pre-encoded)
+    # This is a tiny valid PNG with a red pixel
+    png_red_1x1 = (
+        b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n\x00\x00\x00\rIHDR\x00\x00\x00"
+        b"\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x08\x02\x00\x00\x00\x90wS\xde"
+        b"\x00\x00\x00\x0cIDATx\x9cc\xf8\xcf\xc0\x00\x00\x00"
+        b"\x03\x00\x01\x00\x05\xfe\xd4\x00\x00\x00\x00IEND\xaeB`\x82"
+    )
+
+    encoded = base64.b64encode(png_red_1x1).decode("ascii")
+
+    graphic = f"\x1b_Gf=100,t=d,s=1,v=1,c=1,r=1;{encoded}\x1b\\"
+    sys.stdout.buffer.write(graphic.encode("utf-8"))
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    print("\n[If you see a red dot above, Kitty graphics is working!]")
+    print("[If you see nothing or garbage, it's not working]")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_kitty_simple()

klubhaus-doorbell-hardware.md

@@ -139,25 +139,27 @@ Things that are plausibly relevant but entirely absent from the codebase:
 
 ## Questions for board owner
 
-I'm looking at porting [mainline.py](mainline.py) — a scrolling terminal news/poetry stream with OTF-font rendering, RSS feeds, ANSI gradients, and glitch effects — to run on one of these boards. To figure out the right approach I need a few things only you can answer:
+I'm looking at displaying [mainline.py](mainline.py) — a scrolling news/poetry consciousness stream — on one of these boards. The plan ("Mainline Renderer + ntfy Message Queue for ESP32") uses a **server + thin client** architecture: a Python server pre-renders headlines and serves them via HTTP; the ESP32 just displays pre-rendered bitmaps, applies gradient/glitch effects locally, and polls `ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline` for messages that interrupt the news scroll.
 
-### 1. Which board should I target?
+To build this I need the following from you:
 
-The three boards have very different constraints:
+### 1. Which board?
+
+With a renderer server doing the heavy lifting, all three boards are viable — but the experience differs:
 
 | | Board 1 (2.8″) | Board 2 (4.0″) | Board 3 (4.3″) |
 |---|---|---|---|
 | Resolution | 320 × 240 | 320 × 480 | 800 × 480 |
-| Display bus | SPI (40 MHz) | SPI (40 MHz) | RGB parallel (14 MHz pclk) |
-| Flash | 4 MB | 4 MB | 16 MB |
-| PSRAM | unknown | unknown | 8 MB |
-| Full-screen redraw | ~60 ms+ | ~120 ms+ | near-instant (framebuffer) |
+| Headline buffer (120 items) | ~77 KB | ~77 KB | ~192 KB |
+| Firehose mode | no (too narrow) | no (SPI too slow) | yes |
+| Smooth scroll at 20 FPS | yes (partial updates) | tight (partial updates mandatory) | yes (framebuffer) |
+| Flash for caching | 4 MB (tight) | 4 MB (tight) | 16 MB (9 MB FAT partition) |
 
-Board 3 is the only one with enough RAM and display bandwidth for smooth scrolling with many headlines buffered. Boards 1 & 2 would need aggressive feature cuts. **Which board do you want this on?**
+Board 3 is the most capable. Boards 1 & 2 work but lose firehose mode and need careful partial-update rendering. **Which board do you want this on?**
 
-### 2. PSRAM on your ESP32-32E boards
+### 2. PSRAM on Boards 1 & 2
 
-The build flags say `-DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM` but I can't tell the capacity. Can you check? Easiest way:
+The build flags say `-DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM` but I can't confirm the capacity. Can you check?
 
 ```
 // Add to setup() temporarily:
@@ -165,27 +167,124 @@ Serial.printf("PSRAM size: %d bytes\n", ESP.getPsramSize());
 Serial.printf("Free PSRAM: %d bytes\n", ESP.getFreePsram());
 ```
 
-If PSRAM is 0 on Boards 1 or 2, those boards can only hold a handful of headlines in 520 KB SRAM (WiFi + TLS eat most of it).
+If PSRAM is 0, the board can only buffer ~20 headlines in a ring buffer instead of the full ~120 set. (Board 3's 8 MB PSRAM is confirmed — this only matters if you pick Board 1 or 2.)
 
-### 3. Feature priorities
+### 3. Network & server hosting
 
-mainline.py does a lot of things that don't map directly to an ESP32 + TFT. Which of these matter to you?
+The renderer server (`serve.py`) needs Python 3 + Pillow, internet access (for RSS feeds), and network access to the ESP32.
 
-- **RSS headline scrolling** — the core experience. How many feeds? All ~25, or a curated subset?
-- **OTF font rendering** — mainline uses Pillow to rasterize a custom `.otf` font into half-block characters. On ESP32 this would become either bitmap fonts or a pre-rendered glyph atlas baked into flash. Is the specific font important, or is the aesthetic (large, stylized text) what matters?
-- **Left-to-right color gradient** — the white-hot → green → black fade. Easy to replicate in RGB565 on the TFT. Keep?
-- **Glitch / noise effects** — the ░▒▓█ and katakana rain. Keep?
-- **Mic-reactive glitch intensity** — none of these boards have a microphone. Drop entirely, or substitute with something else (e.g. touch-reactive, or time-of-day reactive)?
-- **Auto-translation** — mainline translates headlines for region-specific sources via Google Translate. This requires HTTPS calls that are expensive on ESP32 (~40–50 KB RAM per TLS connection). Keep, pre-translate on a server, or drop?
-- **Poetry mode** — fetches full Gutenberg texts. These are large (100+ KB each). Cache to SD card, trim to a small set, or drop?
-- **Content filtering** — the sports/vapid regex filter. Trivial to keep.
-- **Boot sequence animation** — the typewriter-style boot log. Keep?
+- **Where will the server run?** Raspberry Pi, NAS, always-on desktop, cloud VM?
+- **Same LAN as the ESP32?** If yes, the ESP32 can use plain HTTP (no TLS overhead). If remote, we'd need HTTPS (~40–50 KB RAM per connection).
+- **Server discovery:** Hardcoded IP in `secrets.h`, mDNS (`mainline.local`), or a DNS name?
+- **WiFi credentials:** Use the existing multi-network setup from the doorbell firmware, or a specific SSID?
 
-### 4. Network environment
+### 4. ESP32 client repo
 
-- Will the board be on a WiFi network that can reach the public internet (RSS feeds, Google Translate, ntfy.sh)?
-- Is there a preferred SSID / network, or should it use the existing multi-network setup from the doorbell firmware?
+The ESP32 sketch reuses `NetManager`, `IDisplayDriver`, and vendored display libraries from klubhaus-doorbell. Two options:
 
-### 5. SD card availability
+- **klubhaus-doorbell repo** — natural fit as a new board target (`boards/esp32-mainline/`). Requires push access or a PR.
+- **mainline repo** — under `firmware/esp32-mainline/` with a vendored copy of KlubhausCore. Self-contained but duplicates shared code.
 
-All three boards have TF card slots but the doorbell firmware doesn't use them. A microSD card would be useful for caching fonts, pre-rendered glyph atlases, or translated headline buffers. **Is there an SD card in the board you'd want to target?**
+**Which repo should host the ESP32 client?**
+
+### 5. Display features
+
+With the renderer handling RSS fetching, translation, content filtering, and font rendering server-side, the remaining feature questions are about what the ESP32 displays locally:
+
+- **Left-to-right color gradient** — the white-hot → green → black fade, applied per-pixel on the ESP32. Keep?
+- **Glitch / noise effects** — random block characters and katakana rain between headlines. Keep?
+- **Glitch reactivity** — mainline.py uses a microphone (none on these boards). Substitute with touch-reactive, time-of-day reactive, or just random?
+- **Firehose mode** — dense data ticker at the bottom (only viable on Board 3). Want it?
+- **Boot sequence animation** — typewriter-style status log during startup. Keep?
+- **Poetry mode** — the server can serve Gutenberg text instead of RSS. Want both modes available, or just news?
+
+### 6. ntfy message queue
+
+The ESP32 polls `ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline` directly for messages that interrupt the news scroll.
+
+- **Is `klubhaus_terminal_mainline` the right topic name?** Or match the doorbell convention (`ALERT_klubhaus_topic`, etc.)?
+- **Who sends messages?** Just you (manual `curl`), a bot, other people?
+- **Display duration:** How long before auto-dismiss? The doorbell uses 120s for alerts. 30s for terminal messages? Touch-to-dismiss regardless?
+- **Priority levels?** ntfy supports 1–5. Should high-priority messages turn on the backlight if the display is OFF, or show in a different color?
+- **Message history on boot?** Show recent messages from the topic, or only messages arriving while running? The doorbell uses `?since=20s`. You might want `?since=5m` for a message board feel.
+
+### 7. Server-offline fallback
+
+If the renderer server goes down, what should the ESP32 do?
+
+- **A.** Show last cached headlines indefinitely (ntfy messages still work independently).
+- **B.** Show a "no signal" screen after a timeout, keep polling.
+- **C.** Fall back to ntfy messages + clock only.
+
+### 8. Scroll and layout
+
+- **Vertical scroll (like mainline.py)?** Or horizontal marquee?
+- **Speed:** mainline.py uses ~3.75s per headline. Same pace, or different for ambient display?
+- **Font height:** The server pre-renders at a configurable pixel height. On Board 3 (480px tall), 32–48px headlines would match mainline.py's feel. On Boards 1/2, 16–24px. What looks right to you?
+
+### 9. Font and aesthetics
+
+mainline.py uses `CSBishopDrawn-Italic.otf`. The server renders bitmaps with this font, so the ESP32 never needs the font file itself.
+
+- **Can you provide this font to whoever hosts the server?** Or should it fall back to a freely available alternative?
+- **Any license concern** with serving the rendered bitmaps (not the font file) over HTTP?
+
+### 10. SD card
+
+All three boards have TF card slots (unused by the doorbell firmware). An SD card would let the ESP32 cache headline bitmaps for instant boot and offline operation. **Is there an SD card in the board you'd pick?**
+
+---
+
+## Recent mainline.py changes and port implications
+
+*Updated after merge of latest `main` — three new features affect the port calculus.*
+
+### Local headline cache (`--refresh`)
+
+mainline.py now caches fetched headlines to a JSON file (`.mainline_cache_{MODE}.json`) and skips network fetches on subsequent runs unless `--refresh` is passed. This is good news for an ESP32 port:
+
+- **Faster boot.** The device could load cached headlines from flash/SD on power-up and start scrolling immediately, then refresh feeds in the background.
+- **Offline operation.** If WiFi drops, the device can still display cached content.
+- **Storage question.** A typical cache is ~200–500 headlines × ~100 bytes ≈ 20–50 KB of JSON. That fits comfortably in Board 3's 9 MB FAT partition or on SD. On Boards 1 & 2 (4 MB flash), it would need SPIFFS/LittleFS and would compete with app code for flash space.
+
+**Recommendation:** If targeting Boards 1 or 2, confirm how much flash is left after the app partition. Board 3's `app3M_fat9M_16MB` partition scheme already has 9 MB of FAT storage — more than enough.
+
+### Firehose mode (`--firehose`)
+
+mainline.py now has a `--firehose` flag that adds a 12-row dense data zone at the bottom of the viewport, cycling rapidly (every frame) through raw headline text, glitch noise, status lines, and headline fragments. This is the most demanding new feature for an ESP32 port:
+
+- **Frame rate.** The firehose zone redraws completely every frame at 20 FPS. On SPI displays (Boards 1 & 2), rewriting 12 rows × 320 or 480 pixels at 40 MHz SPI would consume a significant fraction of each 50 ms frame budget. On Board 3's RGB framebuffer, this is trivial.
+- **Randomness.** Each firehose line calls `random.choice()` over the full item pool. On ESP32, `esp_random()` is hardware-backed and fast, but iterating the full pool each frame needs the pool in RAM.
+- **Visual density.** At 320px wide (Boards 1 & 2), 12 rows of dense data may be illegible. At 800px (Board 3), it works.
+
+**Recommendation:** Firehose mode is only practical on Board 3. On Boards 1 & 2, consider either dropping it or replacing it with a single-line ticker.
+
+### Fixed 20 FPS frame timing
+
+The scroll loop now uses `time.monotonic()` with a 50 ms frame budget (`_FRAME_DT = 0.05`) and a scroll accumulator instead of sleeping per scroll step. This is actually a better fit for ESP32 than the old approach — it maps cleanly to a `millis()`-based main loop:
+
+```
+// ESP32 equivalent pattern
+void loop() {
+    uint32_t t0 = millis();
+    // ... render frame ...
+    uint32_t elapsed = millis() - t0;
+    if (elapsed < FRAME_DT_MS) delay(FRAME_DT_MS - elapsed);
+}
+```
+
+**Estimated per-frame budgets:**
+
+| | Board 1 (320×240) | Board 2 (320×480) | Board 3 (800×480) |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Full-screen SPI flush | ~30 ms | ~60 ms | n/a (framebuffer) |
+| Partial update (12 rows) | ~4 ms | ~4 ms | n/a |
+| Remaining CPU budget (of 50 ms) | ~20 ms | ~0 ms (tight) | ~45 ms |
+
+Board 2 at 20 FPS with a full-screen redraw each frame would have essentially zero headroom. Partial updates (dirty-rect tracking) would be mandatory.
+
+### Port-relevant implications
+
+- **Firehose mode** is only practical on Board 3 (see §5 in Questions). On Boards 1 & 2, consider a single-line ticker instead.
+- **Headline caching** maps to the ESP32 storing bitmap data from the server to flash/SD for instant boot and offline fallback (see §10 in Questions).
+- **20 FPS frame timing** maps cleanly to a `millis()`-based ESP32 main loop. Board 2 would have zero headroom without partial updates.

mainline.py

@@ -5,956 +5,7 @@ Digital news consciousness stream.
 Matrix aesthetic · THX-1138 hue.
 """
 
-import subprocess, sys, os, pathlib
-
-# ─── BOOTSTRAP VENV ───────────────────────────────────────
-_VENV = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent / ".mainline_venv"
-_MARKER = _VENV / ".installed_v3"
-
-def _ensure_venv():
-    """Create a local venv and install deps if needed."""
-    if _MARKER.exists():
-        return
-    import venv
-    print("\033[2;38;5;34m  > first run — creating environment...\033[0m")
-    venv.create(str(_VENV), with_pip=True, clear=True)
-    pip = str(_VENV / "bin" / "pip")
-    subprocess.check_call(
-        [pip, "install", "feedparser", "Pillow", "-q"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-    )
-    _MARKER.touch()
-
-_ensure_venv()
-
-# Install sounddevice on first run after v3
-_MARKER_SD = _VENV / ".installed_sd"
-if not _MARKER_SD.exists():
-    _pip = str(_VENV / "bin" / "pip")
-    subprocess.check_call([_pip, "install", "sounddevice", "numpy", "-q"],
-                          stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
-    _MARKER_SD.touch()
-
-sys.path.insert(0, str(next((_VENV / "lib").glob("python*/site-packages"))))
-
-import feedparser  # noqa: E402
-from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont  # noqa: E402
-import random, time, re, signal, atexit, textwrap  # noqa: E402
-try:
-    import sounddevice as _sd
-    import numpy as _np
-    _HAS_MIC = True
-except Exception:
-    _HAS_MIC = False
-import urllib.request, urllib.parse, json  # noqa: E402
-from datetime import datetime
-from html import unescape
-from html.parser import HTMLParser
-
-# ─── CONFIG ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-HEADLINE_LIMIT = 1000
-FEED_TIMEOUT = 10
-MIC_THRESHOLD_DB = 50   # dB above which glitches intensify
-MODE = 'poetry' if '--poetry' in sys.argv or '-p' in sys.argv else 'news'
-FIREHOSE = '--firehose' in sys.argv
-
-# Poetry/literature sources — public domain via Project Gutenberg
-POETRY_SOURCES = {
-    "Whitman":    "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1322/pg1322.txt",
-    "Dickinson":  "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/12242/pg12242.txt",
-    "Thoreau":    "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/205/pg205.txt",
-    "Emerson":    "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2944/pg2944.txt",
-    "Whitman II": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8388/pg8388.txt",
-}
-
-# ─── ANSI ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-RST = "\033[0m"
-BOLD = "\033[1m"
-DIM = "\033[2m"
-# Matrix greens
-G_HI = "\033[38;5;46m"
-G_MID = "\033[38;5;34m"
-G_LO = "\033[38;5;22m"
-G_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;34m"
-# THX-1138 sterile tones
-W_COOL = "\033[38;5;250m"
-W_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;245m"
-W_GHOST = "\033[2;38;5;238m"
-C_DIM = "\033[2;38;5;37m"
-# Terminal control
-CLR = "\033[2J\033[H"
-CURSOR_OFF = "\033[?25l"
-CURSOR_ON = "\033[?25h"
-
-# ─── FEEDS ────────────────────────────────────────────────
-FEEDS = {
-    # Science & Technology
-    "Nature": "https://www.nature.com/nature.rss",
-    "Science Daily": "https://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/all.xml",
-    "Phys.org": "https://phys.org/rss-feed/",
-    "NASA": "https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/feed/",
-    "Ars Technica": "https://feeds.arstechnica.com/arstechnica/index",
-    "New Scientist": "https://www.newscientist.com/section/news/feed/",
-    "Quanta": "https://api.quantamagazine.org/feed/",
-    "BBC Science": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/science_and_environment/rss.xml",
-    "MIT Tech Review": "https://www.technologyreview.com/feed/",
-    # Economics & Business
-    "BBC Business": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/business/rss.xml",
-    "MarketWatch": "https://feeds.marketwatch.com/marketwatch/topstories/",
-    "Economist": "https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/rss.xml",
-    # World & Politics
-    "BBC World": "http://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/world/rss.xml",
-    "NPR": "https://feeds.npr.org/1001/rss.xml",
-    "Al Jazeera": "https://www.aljazeera.com/xml/rss/all.xml",
-    "Guardian World": "https://www.theguardian.com/world/rss",
-    "DW": "https://rss.dw.com/rdf/rss-en-all",
-    "France24": "https://www.france24.com/en/rss",
-    "ABC Australia": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/feed/2942460/rss.xml",
-    "Japan Times": "https://www.japantimes.co.jp/feed/",
-    "The Hindu": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/feeder/default.rss",
-    "SCMP": "https://www.scmp.com/rss/91/feed",
-    "Der Spiegel": "https://www.spiegel.de/international/index.rss",
-    # Culture & Ideas
-    "Guardian Culture": "https://www.theguardian.com/culture/rss",
-    "Aeon": "https://aeon.co/feed.rss",
-    "Smithsonian": "https://www.smithsonianmag.com/rss/latest_articles/",
-    "The Marginalian": "https://www.themarginalian.org/feed/",
-    "Nautilus": "https://nautil.us/feed/",
-    "Wired": "https://www.wired.com/feed/rss",
-    "The Conversation": "https://theconversation.com/us/articles.atom",
-    "Longreads": "https://longreads.com/feed/",
-    "Literary Hub": "https://lithub.com/feed/",
-    "Atlas Obscura": "https://www.atlasobscura.com/feeds/latest",
-}
-
-# ─── GLYPHS ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-GLITCH = "░▒▓█▌▐╌╍╎╏┃┆┇┊┋"
-KATA = "ﾊﾐﾋｰｳｼﾅﾓﾆｻﾜﾂｵﾘｱﾎﾃﾏｹﾒｴｶｷﾑﾕﾗｾﾈｽﾀﾇﾍ"
-
-# ─── FONT RENDERING (OTF → terminal blocks) ─────────────
-_FONT_PATH = "/Users/genejohnson/Documents/CS Bishop Drawn/CSBishopDrawn-Italic.otf"
-_FONT_OBJ = None
-_FONT_SZ = 60
-_RENDER_H = 8          # terminal rows per rendered text line
-
-# Non-Latin scripts → macOS system fonts
-_SCRIPT_FONTS = {
-    'zh-cn': '/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Medium.ttc',
-    'ja':    '/System/Library/Fonts/ヒラギノ角ゴシック W9.ttc',
-    'ko':    '/System/Library/Fonts/AppleSDGothicNeo.ttc',
-    'ru':    '/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf',
-    'uk':    '/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf',
-    'el':    '/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf',
-    'he':    '/System/Library/Fonts/Supplemental/Arial.ttf',
-    'ar':    '/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc',
-    'fa':    '/System/Library/Fonts/GeezaPro.ttc',
-    'hi':    '/System/Library/Fonts/Kohinoor.ttc',
-    'th':    '/System/Library/Fonts/ThonburiUI.ttc',
-}
-_FONT_CACHE = {}
-_NO_UPPER = {'zh-cn', 'ja', 'ko', 'ar', 'fa', 'hi', 'th', 'he'}
-# Left → right gradient: white-hot leading edge fades to near-black
-_GRAD_COLS = [
-    "\033[1;38;5;231m",  # white
-    "\033[1;38;5;195m",  # pale cyan-white
-    "\033[38;5;123m",   # bright cyan
-    "\033[38;5;118m",   # bright lime
-    "\033[38;5;82m",    # lime
-    "\033[38;5;46m",    # bright green
-    "\033[38;5;40m",    # green
-    "\033[38;5;34m",    # medium green
-    "\033[38;5;28m",    # dark green
-    "\033[38;5;22m",    # deep green
-    "\033[2;38;5;22m",  # dim deep green
-    "\033[2;38;5;235m", # near black
-]
-
-
-def _font():
-    """Lazy-load the OTF font."""
-    global _FONT_OBJ
-    if _FONT_OBJ is None:
-        _FONT_OBJ = ImageFont.truetype(_FONT_PATH, _FONT_SZ)
-    return _FONT_OBJ
-
-
-def _font_for_lang(lang=None):
-    """Get appropriate font for a language."""
-    if lang is None or lang not in _SCRIPT_FONTS:
-        return _font()
-    if lang not in _FONT_CACHE:
-        try:
-            _FONT_CACHE[lang] = ImageFont.truetype(_SCRIPT_FONTS[lang], _FONT_SZ)
-        except Exception:
-            _FONT_CACHE[lang] = _font()
-    return _FONT_CACHE[lang]
-
-# ─── HELPERS ──────────────────────────────────────────────
-class _Strip(HTMLParser):
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__()
-        self._t = []
-
-    def handle_data(self, d):
-        self._t.append(d)
-
-    def text(self):
-        return "".join(self._t).strip()
-
-
-def strip_tags(html):
-    s = _Strip()
-    s.feed(unescape(html or ""))
-    return s.text()
-
-
-def tw():
-    try:
-        return os.get_terminal_size().columns
-    except Exception:
-        return 80
-
-
-def th():
-    try:
-        return os.get_terminal_size().lines
-    except Exception:
-        return 24
-
-
-def noise(w):
-    d = random.choice([0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.12])  # was [0.08, 0.12, 0.2, 0.05], now much denser
-    return "".join(
-        f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
-        f"{random.choice(GLITCH + KATA)}{RST}"
-        if random.random() < d
-        else " "
-        for _ in range(w)
-    )
-
-
-def glitch_bar(w):
-    c = random.choice(["░", "▒", "─", "╌"])
-    n = random.randint(3, w // 2)
-    o = random.randint(0, w - n)
-    return " " * o + f"{G_LO}{DIM}" + c * n + RST
-
-
-# ─── SOURCE → LANGUAGE MAPPING ──────────────────────────
-# Headlines from these outlets render in their cultural home language
-# regardless of content, reflecting the true distribution of sources.
-SOURCE_LANGS = {
-    "Der Spiegel":  "de",
-    "DW":           "de",
-    "France24":     "fr",
-    "Japan Times":  "ja",
-    "The Hindu":    "hi",
-    "SCMP":         "zh-cn",
-    "Al Jazeera":   "ar",
-}
-
-# ─── LOCATION → LANGUAGE ─────────────────────────────────
-_LOCATION_LANGS = {
-    r'\b(?:china|chinese|beijing|shanghai|hong kong|xi jinping)\b': 'zh-cn',
-    r'\b(?:japan|japanese|tokyo|osaka|kishida)\b': 'ja',
-    r'\b(?:korea|korean|seoul|pyongyang)\b': 'ko',
-    r'\b(?:russia|russian|moscow|kremlin|putin)\b': 'ru',
-    r'\b(?:saudi|dubai|qatar|egypt|cairo|arabic)\b': 'ar',
-    r'\b(?:india|indian|delhi|mumbai|modi)\b': 'hi',
-    r'\b(?:germany|german|berlin|munich|scholz)\b': 'de',
-    r'\b(?:france|french|paris|lyon|macron)\b': 'fr',
-    r'\b(?:spain|spanish|madrid)\b': 'es',
-    r'\b(?:italy|italian|rome|milan|meloni)\b': 'it',
-    r'\b(?:portugal|portuguese|lisbon)\b': 'pt',
-    r'\b(?:brazil|brazilian|são paulo|lula)\b': 'pt',
-    r'\b(?:greece|greek|athens)\b': 'el',
-    r'\b(?:turkey|turkish|istanbul|ankara|erdogan)\b': 'tr',
-    r'\b(?:iran|iranian|tehran)\b': 'fa',
-    r'\b(?:thailand|thai|bangkok)\b': 'th',
-    r'\b(?:vietnam|vietnamese|hanoi)\b': 'vi',
-    r'\b(?:ukraine|ukrainian|kyiv|kiev|zelensky)\b': 'uk',
-    r'\b(?:israel|israeli|jerusalem|tel aviv|netanyahu)\b': 'he',
-}
-
-_TRANSLATE_CACHE = {}
-
-
-def _detect_location_language(title):
-    """Detect if headline mentions a location, return target language."""
-    title_lower = title.lower()
-    for pattern, lang in _LOCATION_LANGS.items():
-        if re.search(pattern, title_lower):
-            return lang
-    return None
-
-
-def _translate_headline(title, target_lang):
-    """Translate headline via Google Translate API (zero dependencies)."""
-    key = (title, target_lang)
-    if key in _TRANSLATE_CACHE:
-        return _TRANSLATE_CACHE[key]
-    try:
-        q = urllib.parse.quote(title)
-        url = ("https://translate.googleapis.com/translate_a/single"
-               f"?client=gtx&sl=en&tl={target_lang}&dt=t&q={q}")
-        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
-        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
-        data = json.loads(resp.read())
-        result = "".join(p[0] for p in data[0] if p[0]) or title
-    except Exception:
-        result = title
-    _TRANSLATE_CACHE[key] = result
-    return result
-
-# ─── CONTENT FILTER ───────────────────────────────────────
-_SKIP_RE = re.compile(
-    r'\b(?:'
-    # ── sports ──
-    r'football|soccer|basketball|baseball|softball|tennis|golf|cricket|rugby|'
-    r'hockey|lacrosse|volleyball|badminton|'
-    r'nba|nfl|nhl|mlb|mls|fifa|uefa|'
-    r'premier league|champions league|la liga|serie a|bundesliga|'
-    r'world cup|super bowl|world series|stanley cup|'
-    r'playoff|playoffs|touchdown|goalkeeper|striker|quarterback|'
-    r'slam dunk|home run|grand slam|offside|halftime|'
-    r'batting|wicket|innings|'
-    r'formula 1|nascar|motogp|'
-    r'boxing|ufc|mma|'
-    r'marathon|tour de france|'
-    r'transfer window|draft pick|relegation|'
-    # ── vapid / insipid ──
-    r'kardashian|jenner|reality tv|reality show|'
-    r'influencer|viral video|tiktok|instagram|'
-    r'best dressed|worst dressed|red carpet|'
-    r'horoscope|zodiac|gossip|bikini|selfie|'
-    r'you won.t believe|what happened next|'
-    r'celebrity couple|celebrity feud|baby bump'
-    r')\b',
-    re.IGNORECASE
-)
-
-
-def _skip(title):
-    """Return True if headline is sports, vapid, or insipid."""
-    return bool(_SKIP_RE.search(title))
-
-
-# ─── DISPLAY ──────────────────────────────────────────────
-def type_out(text, color=G_HI):
-    i = 0
-    while i < len(text):
-        if random.random() < 0.3:
-            b = random.randint(2, 5)
-            sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{text[i:i+b]}{RST}")
-            i += b
-        else:
-            sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{text[i]}{RST}")
-            i += 1
-        sys.stdout.flush()
-        time.sleep(random.uniform(0.004, 0.018))
-
-
-def slow_print(text, color=G_DIM, delay=0.015):
-    for ch in text:
-        sys.stdout.write(f"{color}{ch}{RST}")
-        sys.stdout.flush()
-        time.sleep(delay)
-
-
-def boot_ln(label, status, ok=True):
-    dots = max(3, min(30, tw() - len(label) - len(status) - 8))
-    sys.stdout.write(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {W_DIM}{label} ")
-    sys.stdout.flush()
-    for _ in range(dots):
-        sys.stdout.write(f"{G_LO}.")
-        sys.stdout.flush()
-        time.sleep(random.uniform(0.006, 0.025))
-    c = G_MID if ok else "\033[2;38;5;196m"
-    print(f" {c}{status}{RST}")
-    time.sleep(random.uniform(0.02, 0.1))
-
-
-# ─── FETCH ────────────────────────────────────────────────
-def fetch_feed(url):
-    try:
-        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
-        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=FEED_TIMEOUT)
-        return feedparser.parse(resp.read())
-    except Exception:
-        return None
-
-
-def fetch_all():
-    items = []
-    linked = failed = 0
-    for src, url in FEEDS.items():
-        feed = fetch_feed(url)
-        if feed is None or (feed.bozo and not feed.entries):
-            boot_ln(src, "DARK", False)
-            failed += 1
-            continue
-        n = 0
-        for e in feed.entries:
-            t = strip_tags(e.get("title", ""))
-            if not t or _skip(t):
-                continue
-            pub = e.get("published_parsed") or e.get("updated_parsed")
-            try:
-                ts = datetime(*pub[:6]).strftime("%H:%M") if pub else "——:——"
-            except Exception:
-                ts = "——:——"
-            items.append((t, src, ts))
-            n += 1
-        if n:
-            boot_ln(src, f"LINKED [{n}]", True)
-            linked += 1
-        else:
-            boot_ln(src, "EMPTY", False)
-            failed += 1
-    return items, linked, failed
-
-
-def _fetch_gutenberg(url, label):
-    """Download and parse stanzas/passages from a Project Gutenberg text."""
-    try:
-        req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "mainline/0.1"})
-        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=15)
-        text = resp.read().decode('utf-8', errors='replace').replace('\r\n', '\n').replace('\r', '\n')
-        # Strip PG boilerplate
-        m = re.search(r'\*\*\*\s*START OF[^\n]*\n', text)
-        if m:
-            text = text[m.end():]
-        m = re.search(r'\*\*\*\s*END OF', text)
-        if m:
-            text = text[:m.start()]
-        # Split on blank lines into stanzas/passages
-        blocks = re.split(r'\n{2,}', text.strip())
-        items = []
-        for blk in blocks:
-            blk = ' '.join(blk.split())   # flatten to one line
-            if len(blk) < 20 or len(blk) > 280:
-                continue
-            if blk.isupper():             # skip all-caps headers
-                continue
-            if re.match(r'^[IVXLCDM]+\.?\s*$', blk):  # roman numerals
-                continue
-            items.append((blk, label, ''))
-        return items
-    except Exception:
-        return []
-
-
-def fetch_poetry():
-    """Fetch all poetry/literature sources."""
-    items = []
-    linked = failed = 0
-    for label, url in POETRY_SOURCES.items():
-        stanzas = _fetch_gutenberg(url, label)
-        if stanzas:
-            boot_ln(label, f"LOADED [{len(stanzas)}]", True)
-            items.extend(stanzas)
-            linked += 1
-        else:
-            boot_ln(label, "DARK", False)
-            failed += 1
-    return items, linked, failed
-
-
-# ─── CACHE ────────────────────────────────────────────────
-_CACHE_DIR = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent
-
-
-def _cache_path():
-    return _CACHE_DIR / f".mainline_cache_{MODE}.json"
-
-
-def _load_cache():
-    """Load cached items from disk if available."""
-    p = _cache_path()
-    if not p.exists():
-        return None
-    try:
-        data = json.loads(p.read_text())
-        items = [tuple(i) for i in data["items"]]
-        return items if items else None
-    except Exception:
-        return None
-
-
-def _save_cache(items):
-    """Save fetched items to disk for fast subsequent runs."""
-    try:
-        _cache_path().write_text(json.dumps({"items": items}))
-    except Exception:
-        pass
-
-
-# ─── STREAM ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-_SCROLL_DUR = 3.75  # seconds per headline
-_FRAME_DT = 0.05    # 50ms base frame rate (20 FPS)
-FIREHOSE_H = 12     # firehose zone height (terminal rows)
-_mic_db = -99.0     # current mic level, written by background thread
-_mic_stream = None
-
-
-def _start_mic():
-    """Start background mic monitoring; silently skipped if unavailable."""
-    global _mic_db, _mic_stream
-    if not _HAS_MIC:
-        return
-    def _cb(indata, frames, t, status):
-        global _mic_db
-        rms = float(_np.sqrt(_np.mean(indata ** 2)))
-        _mic_db = 20 * _np.log10(rms) if rms > 0 else -99.0
-    try:
-        _mic_stream = _sd.InputStream(
-            callback=_cb, channels=1, samplerate=44100, blocksize=2048)
-        _mic_stream.start()
-        atexit.register(lambda: _mic_stream.stop() if _mic_stream else None)
-        return True
-    except Exception:
-        return False
-
-
-def _render_line(text, font=None):
-    """Render a line of text as terminal rows using OTF font + half-blocks."""
-    if font is None:
-        font = _font()
-    bbox = font.getbbox(text)
-    if not bbox or bbox[2] <= bbox[0]:
-        return [""]
-    pad = 4
-    img_w = bbox[2] - bbox[0] + pad * 2
-    img_h = bbox[3] - bbox[1] + pad * 2
-    img = Image.new('L', (img_w, img_h), 0)
-    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
-    draw.text((-bbox[0] + pad, -bbox[1] + pad), text, fill=255, font=font)
-    pix_h = _RENDER_H * 2
-    scale = pix_h / max(img_h, 1)
-    new_w = max(1, int(img_w * scale))
-    img = img.resize((new_w, pix_h), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
-    data = img.tobytes()
-    thr = 80
-    rows = []
-    for y in range(0, pix_h, 2):
-        row = []
-        for x in range(new_w):
-            top = data[y * new_w + x] > thr
-            bot = data[(y + 1) * new_w + x] > thr if y + 1 < pix_h else False
-            if top and bot:
-                row.append("█")
-            elif top:
-                row.append("▀")
-            elif bot:
-                row.append("▄")
-            else:
-                row.append(" ")
-        rows.append("".join(row))
-    while rows and not rows[-1].strip():
-        rows.pop()
-    while rows and not rows[0].strip():
-        rows.pop(0)
-    return rows if rows else [""]
-
-
-def _big_wrap(text, max_w, font=None):
-    """Word-wrap text and render with OTF font."""
-    if font is None:
-        font = _font()
-    words = text.split()
-    lines, cur = [], ""
-    for word in words:
-        test = f"{cur} {word}".strip() if cur else word
-        bbox = font.getbbox(test)
-        if bbox:
-            img_h = bbox[3] - bbox[1] + 8
-            pix_h = _RENDER_H * 2
-            scale = pix_h / max(img_h, 1)
-            term_w = int((bbox[2] - bbox[0] + 8) * scale)
-        else:
-            term_w = 0
-        if term_w > max_w - 4 and cur:
-            lines.append(cur)
-            cur = word
-        else:
-            cur = test
-    if cur:
-        lines.append(cur)
-    out = []
-    for i, ln in enumerate(lines):
-        out.extend(_render_line(ln, font))
-        if i < len(lines) - 1:
-            out.append("")
-    return out
-
-
-def _lr_gradient(rows):
-    """Color each non-space block character with a left-to-right gradient."""
-    n = len(_GRAD_COLS)
-    max_x = max((len(r.rstrip()) for r in rows if r.strip()), default=1)
-    out = []
-    for row in rows:
-        if not row.strip():
-            out.append(row)
-            continue
-        buf = []
-        for x, ch in enumerate(row):
-            if ch == ' ':
-                buf.append(' ')
-            else:
-                idx = min(round(x / max(max_x - 1, 1) * (n - 1)), n - 1)
-                buf.append(f"{_GRAD_COLS[idx]}{ch}\033[0m")
-        out.append("".join(buf))
-    return out
-
-
-def _fade_line(s, fade):
-    """Dissolve a rendered line by probabilistically dropping characters."""
-    if fade >= 1.0:
-        return s
-    if fade <= 0.0:
-        return ''
-    result = []
-    i = 0
-    while i < len(s):
-        if s[i] == '\033' and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == '[':
-            j = i + 2
-            while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
-                j += 1
-            result.append(s[i:j + 1])
-            i = j + 1
-        elif s[i] == ' ':
-            result.append(' ')
-            i += 1
-        else:
-            result.append(s[i] if random.random() < fade else ' ')
-            i += 1
-    return ''.join(result)
-
-
-def _vis_trunc(s, w):
-    """Truncate string to visual width w, skipping ANSI escape codes."""
-    result = []
-    vw = 0
-    i = 0
-    while i < len(s):
-        if vw >= w:
-            break
-        if s[i] == '\033' and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1] == '[':
-            j = i + 2
-            while j < len(s) and not s[j].isalpha():
-                j += 1
-            result.append(s[i:j + 1])
-            i = j + 1
-        else:
-            result.append(s[i])
-            vw += 1
-            i += 1
-    return ''.join(result)
-
-
-def _next_headline(pool, items, seen):
-    """Pull the next unique headline from pool, refilling as needed."""
-    while True:
-        if not pool:
-            pool.extend(items)
-            random.shuffle(pool)
-            seen.clear()
-        title, src, ts = pool.pop()
-        sig = title.lower().strip()
-        if sig not in seen:
-            seen.add(sig)
-            return title, src, ts
-
-
-def _make_block(title, src, ts, w):
-    """Render a headline into a content block with color."""
-    target_lang = (SOURCE_LANGS.get(src) or _detect_location_language(title)) if MODE == 'news' else None
-    lang_font = _font_for_lang(target_lang)
-    if target_lang:
-        title = _translate_headline(title, target_lang)
-    # Don't uppercase scripts that have no case (CJK, Arabic, etc.)
-    if target_lang and target_lang in _NO_UPPER:
-        title_up = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", title)
-    else:
-        title_up = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", title.upper())
-    for old, new in [("\u2019","'"), ("\u2018","'"), ("\u201c",'"'),
-                     ("\u201d",'"'), ("\u2013","-"), ("\u2014","-")]:
-        title_up = title_up.replace(old, new)
-    big_rows = _big_wrap(title_up, w - 4, lang_font)
-    big_rows = _lr_gradient(big_rows)
-    hc = random.choice([
-        "\033[38;5;46m",   # matrix green
-        "\033[38;5;34m",   # dark green
-        "\033[38;5;82m",   # lime
-        "\033[38;5;48m",   # sea green
-        "\033[38;5;37m",   # teal
-        "\033[38;5;44m",   # cyan
-        "\033[38;5;87m",   # sky
-        "\033[38;5;117m",  # ice blue
-        "\033[38;5;250m",  # cool white
-        "\033[38;5;156m",  # pale green
-        "\033[38;5;120m",  # mint
-        "\033[38;5;80m",   # dark cyan
-        "\033[38;5;108m",  # grey-green
-        "\033[38;5;115m",  # sage
-        "\033[1;38;5;46m", # bold green
-        "\033[1;38;5;250m",# bold white
-    ])
-    content = ["  " + r for r in big_rows]
-    content.append("")
-    meta = f"\u2591 {src} \u00b7 {ts}"
-    content.append(" " * max(2, w - len(meta) - 2) + meta)
-    return content, hc, len(content) - 1  # (rows, color, meta_row_index)
-
-
-def _firehose_line(items, w):
-    """Generate one line of rapidly cycling firehose content."""
-    r = random.random()
-    if r < 0.35:
-        # Raw headline text
-        title, src, ts = random.choice(items)
-        text = title[:w - 1]
-        color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST, C_DIM])
-        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
-    elif r < 0.55:
-        # Dense glitch noise
-        d = random.choice([0.45, 0.55, 0.65, 0.75])
-        return "".join(
-            f"{random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, C_DIM, W_GHOST])}"
-            f"{random.choice(GLITCH + KATA)}{RST}"
-            if random.random() < d else " "
-            for _ in range(w)
-        )
-    elif r < 0.78:
-        # Status / program output
-        sources = FEEDS if MODE == 'news' else POETRY_SOURCES
-        src = random.choice(list(sources.keys()))
-        msgs = [
-            f"  SIGNAL :: {src} :: {datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]}",
-            f"  ░░ FEED ACTIVE :: {src}",
-            f"  >> DECODE 0x{random.randint(0x1000, 0xFFFF):04X} :: {src[:24]}",
-            f"  ▒▒ ACQUIRE :: {random.choice(['TCP', 'UDP', 'RSS', 'ATOM', 'XML'])} :: {src}",
-            f"  {''.join(random.choice(KATA) for _ in range(3))} STRM "
-            f"{random.randint(0, 255):02X}:{random.randint(0, 255):02X}",
-        ]
-        text = random.choice(msgs)[:w - 1]
-        color = random.choice([G_LO, G_DIM, W_GHOST])
-        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
-    else:
-        # Headline fragment with glitch prefix
-        title, _, _ = random.choice(items)
-        start = random.randint(0, max(0, len(title) - 20))
-        frag = title[start:start + random.randint(10, 35)]
-        pad = random.randint(0, max(0, w - len(frag) - 8))
-        gp = ''.join(random.choice(GLITCH) for _ in range(random.randint(1, 3)))
-        text = (' ' * pad + gp + ' ' + frag)[:w - 1]
-        color = random.choice([G_LO, C_DIM, W_GHOST])
-        return f"{color}{text}{RST}"
-
-
-def stream(items):
-    random.shuffle(items)
-    pool = list(items)
-    seen = set()
-    queued = 0
-
-    time.sleep(0.5)
-    sys.stdout.write(CLR)
-    sys.stdout.flush()
-
-    w, h = tw(), th()
-    fh = FIREHOSE_H if FIREHOSE else 0
-    sh = h - fh                    # scroll zone height
-    GAP = 3            # blank rows between headlines
-    scroll_interval = _SCROLL_DUR / (sh + 15) * 2
-
-    # active blocks: (content_rows, color, canvas_y, meta_idx)
-    active = []
-    cam = 0            # viewport top in virtual canvas coords
-    next_y = sh        # canvas-y where next block starts (off-screen bottom)
-    noise_cache = {}
-    scroll_accum = 0.0
-
-    def _noise_at(cy):
-        if cy not in noise_cache:
-            noise_cache[cy] = noise(w) if random.random() < 0.15 else None
-        return noise_cache[cy]
-
-    while queued < HEADLINE_LIMIT or active:
-        t0 = time.monotonic()
-        w, h = tw(), th()
-        fh = FIREHOSE_H if FIREHOSE else 0
-        sh = h - fh
-
-        # Advance scroll on schedule
-        scroll_accum += _FRAME_DT
-        while scroll_accum >= scroll_interval:
-            scroll_accum -= scroll_interval
-            cam += 1
-
-            # Enqueue new headlines when room at the bottom
-            while next_y < cam + sh + 10 and queued < HEADLINE_LIMIT:
-                t, src, ts = _next_headline(pool, items, seen)
-                content, hc, midx = _make_block(t, src, ts, w)
-                active.append((content, hc, next_y, midx))
-                next_y += len(content) + GAP
-                queued += 1
-
-            # Prune off-screen blocks and stale noise
-            active = [(c, hc, by, mi) for c, hc, by, mi in active
-                      if by + len(c) > cam]
-            for k in list(noise_cache):
-                if k < cam:
-                    del noise_cache[k]
-
-        # Draw scroll zone
-        top_zone = max(1, int(sh * 0.25))
-        bot_zone = max(1, int(sh * 0.10))
-        buf = []
-        for r in range(sh):
-            cy = cam + r
-            top_f = min(1.0, r / top_zone)
-            bot_f = min(1.0, (sh - 1 - r) / bot_zone)
-            row_fade = min(top_f, bot_f)
-            drawn = False
-            for content, hc, by, midx in active:
-                cr = cy - by
-                if 0 <= cr < len(content):
-                    ln = _vis_trunc(content[cr], w)
-                    if row_fade < 1.0:
-                        ln = _fade_line(ln, row_fade)
-                    if cr == midx:
-                        buf.append(f"\033[{r+1};1H{W_COOL}{ln}{RST}\033[K")
-                    elif ln.strip():
-                        buf.append(f"\033[{r+1};1H{hc}{ln}{RST}\033[K")
-                    else:
-                        buf.append(f"\033[{r+1};1H\033[K")
-                    drawn = True
-                    break
-            if not drawn:
-                n = _noise_at(cy)
-                if row_fade < 1.0 and n:
-                    n = _fade_line(n, row_fade)
-                if n:
-                    buf.append(f"\033[{r+1};1H{n}")
-                else:
-                    buf.append(f"\033[{r+1};1H\033[K")
-
-        # Draw firehose zone
-        if FIREHOSE and fh > 0:
-            for fr in range(fh):
-                fline = _firehose_line(items, w)
-                buf.append(f"\033[{sh + fr + 1};1H{fline}\033[K")
-
-        # Glitch — base rate + mic-reactive spikes (scroll zone only)
-        mic_excess = max(0.0, _mic_db - MIC_THRESHOLD_DB)
-        glitch_prob = 0.32 + min(0.9, mic_excess * 0.16)
-        n_hits = 4 + int(mic_excess / 2)
-        g_limit = sh if FIREHOSE else len(buf)
-        if random.random() < glitch_prob and g_limit > 0:
-            for _ in range(min(n_hits, g_limit)):
-                gi = random.randint(0, g_limit - 1)
-                buf[gi] = f"\033[{gi+1};1H{glitch_bar(w)}"
-
-        sys.stdout.buffer.write("".join(buf).encode())
-        sys.stdout.flush()
-
-        # Precise frame timing
-        elapsed = time.monotonic() - t0
-        time.sleep(max(0, _FRAME_DT - elapsed))
-
-    sys.stdout.write(CLR)
-    sys.stdout.flush()
-
-
-# ─── MAIN ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-TITLE = [
-    "  ███╗   ███╗ █████╗ ██╗███╗   ██╗██╗     ██╗███╗   ██╗███████╗",
-    "  ████╗ ████║██╔══██╗██║████╗  ██║██║     ██║████╗  ██║██╔════╝",
-    "  ██╔████╔██║███████║██║██╔██╗ ██║██║     ██║██╔██╗ ██║█████╗  ",
-    "  ██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██║██║██║╚██╗██║██║     ██║██║╚██╗██║██╔══╝  ",
-    "  ██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║  ██║██║██║ ╚████║███████╗██║██║ ╚████║███████╗",
-    "  ╚═╝     ╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═╝╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═══╝╚══════╝╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═══╝╚══════╝",
-]
-
-
-def main():
-    atexit.register(lambda: print(CURSOR_ON, end="", flush=True))
-
-    def handle_sigint(*_):
-        print(f"\n\n  {G_DIM}> SIGNAL LOST{RST}")
-        print(f"  {W_GHOST}> connection terminated{RST}\n")
-        sys.exit(0)
-
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handle_sigint)
-
-    w = tw()
-    print(CLR, end="")
-    print(CURSOR_OFF, end="")
-    print()
-    time.sleep(0.4)
-
-    for ln in TITLE:
-        print(f"{G_HI}{ln}{RST}")
-        time.sleep(0.07)
-
-    print()
-    _subtitle = "literary consciousness stream" if MODE == 'poetry' else "digital consciousness stream"
-    print(f"  {W_DIM}v0.1 · {_subtitle}{RST}")
-    print(f"  {W_GHOST}{'─' * (w - 4)}{RST}")
-    print()
-    time.sleep(0.4)
-
-    cached = _load_cache() if '--refresh' not in sys.argv else None
-    if cached:
-        items = cached
-        boot_ln("Cache", f"LOADED [{len(items)} SIGNALS]", True)
-    elif MODE == 'poetry':
-        slow_print("  > INITIALIZING LITERARY CORPUS...\n")
-        time.sleep(0.2)
-        print()
-        items, linked, failed = fetch_poetry()
-        print()
-        print(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {G_MID}{linked} TEXTS LOADED{RST} {W_GHOST}· {failed} DARK{RST}")
-        print(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {G_MID}{len(items)} STANZAS ACQUIRED{RST}")
-        _save_cache(items)
-    else:
-        slow_print("  > INITIALIZING FEED ARRAY...\n")
-        time.sleep(0.2)
-        print()
-        items, linked, failed = fetch_all()
-        print()
-        print(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {G_MID}{linked} SOURCES LINKED{RST} {W_GHOST}· {failed} DARK{RST}")
-        print(f"  {G_DIM}>{RST} {G_MID}{len(items)} SIGNALS ACQUIRED{RST}")
-        _save_cache(items)
-
-    if not items:
-        print(f"\n  {W_DIM}> NO SIGNAL — check network{RST}")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    print()
-    mic_ok = _start_mic()
-    if _HAS_MIC:
-        boot_ln("Microphone", "ACTIVE" if mic_ok else "OFFLINE · check System Settings → Privacy → Microphone", mic_ok)
-    if FIREHOSE:
-        boot_ln("Firehose", "ENGAGED", True)
-
-    time.sleep(0.4)
-    slow_print("  > STREAMING...\n")
-    time.sleep(0.2)
-    print(f"  {W_GHOST}{'─' * (w - 4)}{RST}")
-    print()
-    time.sleep(0.4)
-
-    stream(items)
-
-    print()
-    print(f"  {W_GHOST}{'─' * (tw() - 4)}{RST}")
-    print(f"  {G_DIM}> {HEADLINE_LIMIT} SIGNALS PROCESSED{RST}")
-    print(f"  {W_GHOST}> end of stream{RST}")
-    print()
-
+from engine.app import main
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

mise.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+[tools]
+python = "3.12"
+hk = "latest"
+pkl = "latest"
+
+[tasks]
+# =====================
+# Testing
+# =====================
+
+test = "uv run pytest"
+test-v = { run = "uv run pytest -v", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+test-cov = { run = "uv run pytest --cov=engine --cov-report=term-missing --cov-report=html", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+test-cov-open = { run = "mise run test-cov && open htmlcov/index.html", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+test-browser-install = { run = "uv run playwright install chromium", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+test-browser = { run = "uv run pytest tests/e2e/", depends = ["test-browser-install"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Linting & Formatting
+# =====================
+
+lint = "uv run ruff check engine/ mainline.py"
+lint-fix = "uv run ruff check --fix engine/ mainline.py"
+format = "uv run ruff format engine/ mainline.py"
+
+# =====================
+# Runtime Modes
+# =====================
+
+run = "uv run mainline.py"
+run-poetry = "uv run mainline.py --poetry"
+run-firehose = "uv run mainline.py --firehose"
+
+run-websocket = { run = "uv run mainline.py --display websocket", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-sixel = { run = "uv run mainline.py --display sixel", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-kitty = { run = "uv run mainline.py --display kitty", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-pygame = { run = "uv run mainline.py --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-both = { run = "uv run mainline.py --display both", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-client = { run = "mise run run-both & sleep 2 && $(open http://localhost:8766 2>/dev/null || xdg-open http://localhost:8766 2>/dev/null || echo 'Open http://localhost:8766 manually'); wait", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Pipeline Architecture (unified Stage-based)
+# =====================
+
+run-pipeline = { run = "uv run mainline.py --pipeline --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-pipeline-demo = { run = "uv run mainline.py --pipeline --pipeline-preset demo --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-pipeline-poetry = { run = "uv run mainline.py --pipeline --pipeline-preset poetry --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-pipeline-websocket = { run = "uv run mainline.py --pipeline --pipeline-preset websocket", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-pipeline-firehose = { run = "uv run mainline.py --pipeline --pipeline-preset firehose --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Presets (Animation-controlled modes)
+# =====================
+
+run-preset-demo = { run = "uv run mainline.py --preset demo --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+run-preset-pipeline = { run = "uv run mainline.py --preset pipeline --display pygame", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Command & Control
+# =====================
+
+cmd = "uv run cmdline.py"
+cmd-stats = { run = "uv run cmdline.py -w \"/effects stats\"", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Benchmark
+# =====================
+
+benchmark = { run = "uv run python -m engine.benchmark", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+benchmark-json = { run = "uv run python -m engine.benchmark --format json --output benchmark.json", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+benchmark-report = { run = "uv run python -m engine.benchmark --output BENCHMARK.md", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+# Initialize ntfy topics (warm up before first use)
+topics-init = "curl -s -d 'init' https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_cmd > /dev/null && curl -s -d 'init' https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline_cc_resp > /dev/null && curl -s -d 'init' https://ntfy.sh/klubhaus_terminal_mainline > /dev/null"
+
+# =====================
+# Daemon
+# =====================
+
+daemon = "nohup uv run mainline.py > nohup.out 2>&1 &"
+daemon-stop = "pkill -f 'uv run mainline.py' 2>/dev/null || true"
+daemon-restart = "mise run daemon-stop && sleep 2 && mise run daemon"
+
+# =====================
+# Environment
+# =====================
+
+sync = "uv sync"
+sync-all = "uv sync --all-extras"
+install = "mise run sync"
+install-dev = { run = "mise run sync-all && uv sync --group dev", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+bootstrap = { run = "mise run sync-all && uv run mainline.py --help", depends = ["sync-all"] }
+
+clean = "rm -rf .venv htmlcov .coverage tests/.pytest_cache .mainline_cache_*.json nohup.out"
+clobber = "git clean -fdx && rm -rf .venv htmlcov .coverage tests/.pytest_cache .mainline_cache_*.json nohup.out"
+
+# =====================
+# CI/CD
+# =====================
+
+ci = { run = "mise run topics-init && mise run lint && mise run test-cov", depends = ["topics-init", "lint", "test-cov"] }
+
+# =====================
+# Git Hooks (via hk)
+# =====================
+
+pre-commit = "hk run pre-commit"

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+[project]
+name = "mainline"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Terminal news ticker with Matrix aesthetic"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+authors = [
+    { name = "Mainline", email = "mainline@example.com" }
+]
+license = { text = "MIT" }
+classifiers = [
+    "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
+    "Environment :: Console",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Topic :: Terminals",
+]
+
+dependencies = [
+    "feedparser>=6.0.0",
+    "Pillow>=10.0.0",
+    "pyright>=1.1.408",
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+mic = [
+    "sounddevice>=0.4.0",
+    "numpy>=1.24.0",
+]
+websocket = [
+    "websockets>=12.0",
+]
+sixel = [
+    "Pillow>=10.0.0",
+]
+pygame = [
+    "pygame>=2.0.0",
+]
+browser = [
+    "playwright>=1.40.0",
+]
+dev = [
+    "pytest>=8.0.0",
+    "pytest-cov>=4.1.0",
+    "pytest-mock>=3.12.0",
+    "ruff>=0.1.0",
+]
+
+[project.scripts]
+mainline = "engine.app:main"
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["hatchling"]
+build-backend = "hatchling.build"
+
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    "pytest>=8.0.0",
+    "pytest-cov>=4.1.0",
+    "pytest-mock>=3.12.0",
+    "ruff>=0.1.0",
+]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+python_files = ["test_*.py"]
+python_functions = ["test_*"]
+addopts = [
+    "--strict-markers",
+    "--tb=short",
+    "-v",
+]
+markers = [
+    "benchmark: marks tests as performance benchmarks (may be slow)",
+    "e2e: marks tests as end-to-end tests (require network/display)",
+    "integration: marks tests as integration tests (require external services)",
+    "ntfy: marks tests that require ntfy service",
+]
+filterwarnings = [
+    "ignore::DeprecationWarning",
+]
+
+[tool.coverage.run]
+source = ["engine"]
+branch = true
+
+[tool.coverage.report]
+exclude_lines = [
+    "pragma: no cover",
+    "def __repr__",
+    "raise AssertionError",
+    "raise NotImplementedError",
+    "if __name__ == .__main__.:",
+    "if TYPE_CHECKING:",
+    "@abstractmethod",
+]
+
+[tool.ruff]
+line-length = 88
+target-version = "py310"
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = ["E", "F", "W", "I", "N", "UP", "B", "C4", "SIM"]
+ignore = ["E501", "SIM105", "N806", "B007", "SIM108"]

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pytest>=8.0.0
+pytest-cov>=4.1.0
+pytest-mock>=3.12.0
+ruff>=0.1.0

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+feedparser>=6.0.0
+Pillow>=10.0.0
+sounddevice>=0.4.0
+numpy>=1.24.0